XSLT教程

XSL代表可扩充样式表语言
为了适应基于XML的样式表语言的需要，万维网联盟（W3C）开始发展XSL。
XSLT代表XSL的变革。在这个教程里，你会学到如何通过XSLT把XML文档转换成别的版式——例如XHTML。

XSLT 参考

XSLT 元素
来自W3C参考标准所定义（XSLT版本1.0）的XSLT元素。

XSLT 函数
XSLT包含了超过100个内置函数。有些是为了字符串值，数字值，数据和时间比较关系，节点和OName操作，序列操作，布尔（逻辑）值，以及更多。

内容目录

XSL 语言
Defines the sub-languages of XSL: XSLT, XPath and XSL-FO.
XSL的子语言：XSLT，XPath和XSL-FO。

XSLT 介绍
An introduction to XSLT. What it is, and what it can do.
有关XSLT的介绍，它的概念，以及它的用途

XSLT 浏览起器
Overview of browser support for XSLT.
了解下哪些浏览器支持XSLT

XSLT Transformation
How XSLT can be used to transform XML documents into XHTML documents.
怎样才能让XSLT将XML文档转换成为XHTML文档

XSLT Templates
The <xsl:template> element contains rules to apply when a specified node is matched.
当一个指定的点吻合的时候<xsl:template>元素所含规则就可以生效

XSLT <xsl:value-of> 元素
The <xsl:value-of> element extracts the value of a selected node.
<xsl:value-of>元素用于选取选择节点值。

XSLT <xsl:for-each> 元素
The <xsl:for-each> element allows you to do looping in XSL.
<xsl:for-each>元素允许在XSLT里使用循环语句。

XSLT <xsl:sort> 元素
The <xsl:sort> element is used to sort the output.
<xsl:sort>元素用于对结果进行分类。

XSLT <xsl:if> 元素
The <xsl:if> element is used to put a conditional test against the content of the XML file.
<xsl:if>元素的作用是：对XML文件的内容设置一个条件语句。

XSLT <xsl:choose> 元素
The <xsl:choose> element is used in conjunction with <xsl:when> and <xsl:otherwise> to express multiple conditional tests.
<xsl:choose>元素通过<xsl：when>和<xsl:otherwise>一起配合是用来表达多种条件语句。

XSLT <xsl:apply-templates> 元素
The <xsl:apply-templates> element applies a template rule to the current element or to the current element's child nodes.
<xsl:apply-templates>元素是把模板应用到当前元素或当前元素的子节点上。

位于客户端的XSL
How to transform an XML document to an XHTML document on the client.
如果你的浏览器支持XSLT，它可以在你的浏览器中把文件转换成XHTML。

位于服务器端的XSL
How to transform an XML document to an XHTML document on the server.
因为不是所有的浏览器都支持XSLT，所以人们提出了一个在服务器端把XML转换成XHTML的解决方案。

XSL 语言
w3pop.com / 2006-09-19

It Started with XSL
以XSL为开始

XSL stands for EXtensible Stylesheet Language.
XSL代表着可扩充样式表语言（EXtensible Stylesheet Language）。

The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) started to develop XSL because there was a need for an XML-based Stylesheet Language.
因为基于XML样式表语言的需要，万维网联盟（W3C）开始发展XSL。

CSS = HTML Style Sheets
层叠式样式表（CSS）= HTML样式表

HTML uses predefined tags and the meaning of the tags are well understood.
HTML使用预定的标签，标签的含义比较容易理解。

The <table> element in HTML defines a table - and a browser knows how to display it.
在HTML中，<table>元素定义了一个表格，浏览器知道如何去显示它。

Adding styles to HTML elements is simple. Telling a browser to display an element in a special font or color, is easy with CSS.
给HTML元素定义样式是比较容易的。通过使用CSS，告诉浏览器对特殊字体和颜色的元素进行显示，是非常容易的。

XSL = XML Style Sheets
XSL=XML样式表

XML does not use predefined tags (we can use any tag-names we like), and the meaning of these tags are not well understood.
XML不使用预定的标签（我们可以使用任何我们自己喜欢的标签名字），这些标签的含义比较难以理解。

The <table> element in HTML defines a table - and a browser knows how to display it.
<table>元素可以表示HTML表格，一种设备，或者别的一些东西，因此浏览器不知道如何去显示它们。

Adding styles to HTML elements is simple. Telling a browser to display an element in a special font or color, is easy with CSS.
XSL描述的是如何显示XML文档。

XSL - More Than a Style Sheet Language
XSL-超越样式表语言（More Than a Style Sheet Language）

XSL consists of three parts:
XSL由3部分组成：

• XSLT - a language for transforming XML documents
  XSLT-转变XML文档的语言。
• XPath - a language for navigating in XML documents
  XPath-对XML文档进行操作的语言。
• XSL-FO - a language for formatting XML documents
  XSL-FO - 格式化XML文档的语言。

This Tutorial is About XSLT

针对XSLT的教程

The rest of this tutorial is about XSLT - the language for transforming XML documents.
剩下这部分的教程是关于XSLT的——转换XML文件的语言。

But you can also study our XPath Tutorial and our XSL-FO Tutorial.
同样你还可以学习 XPath 教程 和我们的 XSL-FO 教程.

<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

<xsl:transform version="1.0"xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<catalog>  <cd>    <title>Empire Burlesque</title>    <artist>Bob Dylan</artist>    <country>USA</country>

    <company>Columbia</company>    <price>10.90</price>    <year>1985</year>  </cd>

...</catalog>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

<xsl:template match="/">  <html>  <body>

    <h2>My CD Collection</h2>    <table border="1">    <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">      <th align="left">Title</th>

      <th align="left">Artist</th>    </tr>    <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">    <tr>      <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td>

      <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>    </tr>    </xsl:for-each>    </table>  </body>

  </html></xsl:template>

</xsl:stylesheet>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="cdcatalog.xsl"?><catalog> <cd>  <title>Empire Burlesque</title>  <artist>Bob Dylan</artist>  <country>USA</country>  <company>Columbia</company>  <price>10.90</price>  <year>1985</year> </cd> . . . </catalog>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"

xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

<xsl:template match="/"> <html> <body>   <h2>My CD Collection</h2>

   <table border="1">     <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">       <th>Title</th>       <th>Artist</th>

     </tr>     <tr>       <td>.</td>       <td>.</td>     </tr>

   </table> </body> </html></xsl:template>

</xsl:stylesheet>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

<xsl:template match="/">

 <html> <body>   <h2>My CD Collection</h2>   <table border="1">     <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">

       <th>Title</th>       <th>Artist</th>     </tr>     <tr>      <td><xsl:value-of select="catalog/cd/title"/></td>

      <td><xsl:value-of select="catalog/cd/artist"/></td>     </tr>   </table> </body> </html>

</xsl:template>

</xsl:stylesheet>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

<xsl:template match="/">  <html>  <body>    <h2>My CD Collection</h2>

    <table border="1">      <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">        <th>Title</th>        <th>Artist</th>

      </tr><xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">      <tr>       <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td>       <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>      </tr></xsl:for-each></table>    </body>    </html></xsl:template></xsl:stylesheet>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"

xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

<xsl:template match="/"> <html>  <body>  <h2>My CD Collection</h2>

  <table border="1">   <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">      <th>Title</th>      <th>Artist</th>

   </tr><xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd[artist='Bob Dylan']"><tr>   <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td>   <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>   </tr></xsl:for-each></table>  </body>  </html> </xsl:template></xsl:stylesheet>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

<xsl:template match="/">  <html>  <body>    <h2>My CD Collection</h2>    <table border="1">

      <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">        <th>Title</th>        <th>Artist</th>      </tr>

      <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd"><xsl:sort select="artist"/><tr>      <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td>      <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>      </tr>     </xsl:for-each>    </table>    </body>   </html>  </xsl:template></xsl:stylesheet>

<xsl:if test="expression">

  ...  ...some output if the expression is true...  ...</xsl:if>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"><xsl:template match="/">  <html>  <body>    <h2>My CD Collection</h2>

    <table border="1">      <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">        <th>Title</th>        <th>Artist</th>

      </tr>      <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd"><xsl:if test="price > 10">       <tr>       <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td>       <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>       </tr></xsl:if>      </xsl:for-each>      </table>     </body>    </html>  </xsl:template></xsl:stylesheet>

<xsl:choose>

  <xsl:when test="expression">    ... some output ...  </xsl:when>  <xsl:otherwise>    ... some output ....  </xsl:otherwise></xsl:choose>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

<xsl:template match="/">  <html>  <body>    <h2>My CD Collection</h2>    <table border="1">

      <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">        <th>Title</th>        <th>Artist</th>      </tr>

      <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">      <tr>        <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td><xsl:choose>        <xsl:when test="price > 10">         <td bgcolor="#ff00ff">         <xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td></xsl:when>        <xsl:otherwise><td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td></xsl:otherwise>        </xsl:choose>        </tr>       </xsl:for-each>       </table>      </body>     </html>   </xsl:template></xsl:stylesheet>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

<xsl:template match="/">  <html>  <body>    <h2>My CD Collection</h2>    <table border="1">

      <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">        <th>Title</th>        <th>Artist</th>      </tr>

      <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">      <tr>        <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td><xsl:choose>        <xsl:when test="price > 10">        <td bgcolor="#ff00ff">        <xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td></xsl:when>        <xsl:when test="price < 9">        <td bgcolor="#cccccc">        <xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td></xsl:when>        <xsl:otherwise><td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td></xsl:otherwise>        </xsl:choose>        </tr>        </xsl:for-each>       </table>      </body>     </html></xsl:template></xsl:stylesheet>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

<xsl:template match="/">

<html><body><h2>My CD Collection</h2> <xsl:apply-templates/> </body></html></xsl:template>

<xsl:template match="cd">

<p><xsl:apply-templates select="title"/> <xsl:apply-templates select="artist"/></p></xsl:template>

<xsl:template match="title">

Title: <span style="color:#ff0000"><xsl:value-of select="."/></span><br /></xsl:template>

<xsl:template match="artist">

Artist: <span style="color:#00ff00"><xsl:value-of select="."/></span><br /></xsl:template>

</xsl:stylesheet>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><catalog>  <cd>

    <title>Empire Burlesque</title>    <artist>Bob Dylan</artist>    <country>USA</country>    <company>Columbia</company>

    <price>10.90</price>    <year>1985</year>  </cd>...</catalog>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

<xsl:template match="/">  <html>  <body>    <h2>My CD Collection</h2>     <table border="1">

      <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">        <th align="left">Title</th>         <th align="left">Artist</th>       </tr>

      <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">      <tr>        <td><xsl:value-of select="title" /></td>        <td><xsl:value-of select="artist" /></td>

      </tr>      </xsl:for-each>  </table>  </body>  </html></xsl:template>

</xsl:stylesheet>

<html><body>

<script type="text/javascript">

// Load XML var xml = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLDOM")xml.async = falsexml.load("cdcatalog.xml")

// Load XSLvar xsl = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLDOM")xsl.async = falsexsl.load("cdcatalog.xsl")

// Transformdocument.write(xml.transformNode(xsl))

</script>

</body></html>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<catalog>  <cd>    <title>Empire Burlesque</title>    <artist>Bob Dylan</artist>    <country>USA</country>

    <company>Columbia</company>    <price>10.90</price>    <year>1985</year>  </cd>

...</catalog>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

<xsl:template match="/">

  <html>  <body>    <h2>My CD Collection</h2>     <table border="1">      <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">

        <th align="left">Title</th>         <th align="left">Artist</th>       </tr>      <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">

      <tr>        <td><xsl:value-of select="title" /></td>        <td><xsl:value-of select="artist" /></td>

      </tr>      </xsl:for-each>  </table>  </body>  </html></xsl:template>

</xsl:stylesheet>

<%'Load XMLset xml = Server.CreateObject("Microsoft.XMLDOM")xml.async = falsexml.load(Server.MapPath("cdcatalog.xml"))

'Load XSLset xsl = Server.CreateObject("Microsoft.XMLDOM")xsl.async = falsexsl.load(Server.MapPath("cdcatalog.xsl"))

'Transform fileResponse.Write(xml.transformNode(xsl))%>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><tool><field id="prodName"><value>HAMMER HG2606</value> </field><field id="prodNo"><value>32456240</value> </field><field id="price"><value>$30.00</value> </field></tool>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

<xsl:template match="/"><html>
<body>
<form method="post" action="edittool.asp">
<h2>Tool Information (edit):</h2>
<table border="0"><xsl:for-each select="tool/field">
<tr>
<td>
<xsl:value-of select="@id"/>
</td>
<td>
<input type="text"><xsl:attribute name="id"><xsl:value-of select="@id" />
</xsl:attribute>
<xsl:attribute name="name"><xsl:value-of select="@id" /></xsl:attribute>
<xsl:attribute name="value"><xsl:value-of select="value" />
</xsl:attribute>
</input>
</td></tr>
</xsl:for-each>
</table>
<br />
<input type="submit" id="btn_sub" name="btn_sub" value="Submit" /><input type="reset" id="btn_res" name="btn_res" value="Reset" />
</form>
</body></html>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

<xsl:template match="/">
<html>
<body>
<h2>Updated Tool Information:</h2><table border="1">
<xsl:for-each select="tool/field">
<tr>
<td><xsl:value-of select="@id" /></td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="value" /></td></tr>
</xsl:for-each>
</table>
</body>
</html>
</xsl:template>

</xsl:stylesheet>

<%
function loadFile(xmlfile,xslfile)
Dim xmlDoc,xslDoc

'Load XML file
set xmlDoc = Server.CreateObject("Microsoft.XMLDOM")
xmlDoc.async = false
xmlDoc.load(xmlfile)

'Load XSL file
set xslDoc = Server.CreateObject("Microsoft.XMLDOM")
xslDoc.async = false
xslDoc.load(xslfile)

'Transform file
Response.Write(xmlDoc.transformNode(xslDoc))
end function

function updateFile(xmlfile)
Dim xmlDoc,rootEl,f
Dim i

'Load XML file
set xmlDoc = Server.CreateObject("Microsoft.XMLDOM")
xmlDoc.async = false
xmlDoc.load(xmlfile)

'Set the rootEl variable equal to the root element
Set rootEl = xmlDoc.documentElement

'Loop through the form collection
for i = 1 To Request.Form.Count'Eliminate button elements in the formif instr(1,Request.Form.Key(i),"btn_")=0 then'The selectSingleNode method queries the XML file for a 'single node that matches a query. This query requests'the value element that is the child of a field element'that has an id attribute which matches the current key'value in the Form Collection. When there is a match -'set the text property equal to the value of the current'field in the Form Collection.set f = rootEl.selectSingleNode("field[@id='" & _Request.Form.Key(i) & "']/value")f.Text = Request.Form(i)end if
next

'Save the modified XML file
xmlDoc.save xmlfile

'Release all object references
set xmlDoc=nothing
set rootEl=nothing
set f=nothing

'Load the modified XML file with a style sheet that
'allows the client to see the edited information
loadFile xmlfile,server.MapPath("tool_updated.xsl")
end function

'If the form has been submitted update the
'XML file and display result - if not,
'transform the XML file for editing
if Request.Form("btn_sub")="" then
loadFile server.MapPath("tool.xml"),server.MapPath("tool.xsl")
else
updateFile server.MapPath("tool.xml")
end if
%>