通过以下命令不能启动容器：

docker run --name db -e MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD=true -d -p 3306:3306 -v /Users/user/Desktop/db/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -v /Users/user/Desktop/db/mysql/cnf:/etc/mysql/conf.d mysql

已经更新了宿主机mysql目录权限：

chmod -R 777 /Users/user/Desktop/db/mysql

PS: 如果只挂载conf.d则可以正常运行

Initializing database

2018-07-04T01:20:04.193456Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011070] [Server] 'Disabling symbolic links using --skip-symbolic-links (or equivalent) is the default. Consider not using this option as it' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.

2018-07-04T01:20:04.193712Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.11) initializing of server in progress as process 26

2018-07-04T01:20:04.198022Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010159] [Server] Setting lower_case_table_names=2 because file system for /var/lib/mysql/ is case insensitive

mbind: Operation not permitted

2018-07-04T01:20:05.044093Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012592] [InnoDB] InnoDB: Operating system error number 13 in a file operation.

2018-07-04T01:20:05.044352Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012595] [InnoDB] InnoDB: The error means mysqld does not have the access rights to the directory.

2018-07-04T01:20:05.044409Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-000000] [InnoDB] InnoDB: Assertion failure: fil0fil.cc:2423:success

InnoDB: thread 140676164908800

InnoDB: We intentionally generate a memory trap.

InnoDB: Submit a detailed bug report to http://bugs.mysql.com.

InnoDB: If you get repeated assertion failures or crashes, even

InnoDB: immediately after the mysqld startup, there may be

InnoDB: corruption in the InnoDB tablespace. Please refer to

InnoDB: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/forcing-innodb-recovery.html

InnoDB: about forcing recovery.

01:20:05 UTC - mysqld got signal 6 ;

This could be because you hit a bug. It is also possible that this binary

or one of the libraries it was linked against is corrupt, improperly built,

or misconfigured. This error can also be caused by malfunctioning hardware.

Attempting to collect some information that could help diagnose the problem.

As this is a crash and something is definitely wrong, the information

collection process might fail.

key_buffer_size=8388608

read_buffer_size=131072

max_used_connections=0

max_threads=151

thread_count=1

connection_count=0

It is possible that mysqld could use up to

key_buffer_size + (read_buffer_size + sort_buffer_size)*max_threads = 67841 K bytes of memory

Hope that's ok; if not, decrease some variables in the equation.

Thread pointer: 0x557113ffa7f0

Attempting backtrace. You can use the following information to find out

where mysqld died. If you see no messages after this, something went

terribly wrong...

stack_bottom = 7ff1b8d66e08 thread_stack 0x46000

/usr/sbin/mysqld(my_print_stacktrace(unsigned char*, unsigned long)+0x2e) [0x557111c20b1e]

/usr/sbin/mysqld(handle_fatal_signal+0x4c1) [0x557110f1b3c1]

/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0(+0x110c0) [0x7ff1bc1910c0]

/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6(gsignal+0xcf) [0x7ff1ba426fff]

/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6(abort+0x16a) [0x7ff1ba42842a]

/usr/sbin/mysqld(+0xb16c81) [0x557110d0bc81]

/usr/sbin/mysqld(Fil_shard::open_file(fil_node_t*, bool)+0x2e5) [0x557111fb9805]

/usr/sbin/mysqld(Fil_shard::open_system_tablespaces(unsigned long, unsigned long*)+0x108) [0x557111fb9b58]

/usr/sbin/mysqld(Fil_system::open_all_system_tablespaces()+0x44) [0x557111fb9e84]

/usr/sbin/mysqld(+0x1c64893) [0x557111e59893]

/usr/sbin/mysqld(srv_start(bool, std::__cxx11::basic_string, std::allocator > const&)+0x168a) [0x557111e5f01a]

/usr/sbin/mysqld(+0x1b0d3ba) [0x557111d023ba]

/usr/sbin/mysqld(dd::bootstrap::DDSE_dict_init(THD*, dict_init_mode_t, unsigned int)+0x86) [0x557111bbbde6]

/usr/sbin/mysqld(dd::bootstrap::initialize(THD*)+0x7a) [0x557111bc240a]

/usr/sbin/mysqld(+0xdcdb03) [0x557110fc2b03]

/usr/sbin/mysqld(+0x1eb738f) [0x5571120ac38f]

/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0(+0x7494) [0x7ff1bc187494]

/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6(clone+0x3f) [0x7ff1ba4dcacf]

Trying to get some variables.

Some pointers may be invalid and cause the dump to abort.

Query (0): Connection ID (thread ID): 1

Status: NOT_KILLED

The manual page at http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/crashing.html contains

information that should help you find out what is causing the crash.