笔记本上使用Archlinux来自: http://arithboy.org/wiki/gnu/arch/Laptop.html

近日购得二手笔记本一台,在其上运行linux的一些设置记录如下: 型号为 <nop>ThinkPad T30

tp 上功能键的使用

我的.xmodmaprc

keycode 227 = F30
keycode 234 = F19
keycode 233 = F20
keycode 77 = Num_Lock

remove Lock = Caps_Lock
remove Control = Control_L
remove Mod4 = Hyper_L
keycode 227 = Caps_Lock
keysym Control_L = Hyper_L
keysym Caps_Lock = Control_L
add Lock = Caps_Lock
add Control = Control_L
add Mod4 = Hyper_L以上把两个翻页键设为F19和F20,把Fn设为F30,使shift+scrlk正常工作.<br> 把caps lock键用于ctrl键,左ctrl键用于窗口管理器.Fn用于大小写切换.<br> Fn做窗口管理器的modifier我没成功,可能主板?已经截获掉好多组合键了 Contents

网络环境的配置 laptop-mode的配置 设置笔记本的待机 cpu自动降频 监测硬盘,cpu,电池等 thinkpad笔记本的热键设置 DPMS的使用

top网络环境的配置首先添加udev规则,解决两个网卡的顺序问题.<BR> 编辑/etc/udev/rules.d/10-network.rulesSUBSYSTEM=="net", SYSFS{address}=="00:02:8a:47:f4:a5", NAME="wlan0"
SUBSYSTEM=="net", SYSFS{address}=="00:09:6b:06:a5:b4", NAME="lan0"

笔记本上经常移动,需要多套网络的配置.<BR> 编辑rc.conf

...
HOSTNAME="localhost"
lo="lo 127.0.0.1"
INTERFACES=(lo)
NET_PROFILES=(menu)
...将NET_PROFILES=(menu)打开,在/etc/network-profiles/中添加配置文件.

例如文件/etc/network-profiles/20-home

DESCRIPTION="home"
INTERFACE=lan0
HOSTNAME=localhost
IFOPTS="219.242.113.92 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 219.242.113.255 hw ether 00132051A785"
GATEWAY=219.242.113.1
DNS1=202.112.144.30使用sudo /etc/rc.d/network restart则可更改网络设置,/etc/resolv.conf的值会被更新.<BR> 当有多个配置时,文件名以字典序排列,数字开头则比较方便,数字最小的为默认网络配置.toplaptop-mode的配置

安装 laptop-mode-tools 软件包.

编辑文件/etc/laptop-mode/laptop-mode.conf 默认设置已经能够满足需要了,只要把CONTROL_开头的打开即可, 里面包含了硬盘,cpu等多方面的设置,能极大延长电池的使用时间, 推荐使用.

top设置笔记本的待机

安装acpid,机器待机时,背光仍然打开,主要是使用radeon的显卡可能会有这个问题. 详细的描述见¹,使用radeontool解决该问题,脚本²如下:

#!/bin/sh

# if launched through a lid event and lid is open, do nothing
echo "$1" | grep "button/lid" && grep -q open /proc/acpi/button/lid/LID/state && exit 0

# remove USB 1.1 driver
rmmod uhci_hcd

# sync filesystem and clock
sync
/sbin/hwclock --systohc

# switch to console
FGCONSOLE=`fgconsole`
chvt 6
/usr/sbin/radeontool light off

# go to sleep
sleep 5 && echo -n "mem" > /sys/power/state

# readjust the clock (it might be off a bit after suspend)
/sbin/hwclock --adjust
/sbin/hwclock --hctosys

# reload USB 1.1 driver
modprobe uhci_hcd

# turn on the backlight and switch back to X
radeontool light on
chvt $FGCONSOLE将脚本保存在/etc/acpi/actions/sleep.sh,并chmod +x sleep.sh

修改/etc/acpi/handler.sh 按下sleep按键时(我这里是Fn+F4)执行sleep.sh,进入待机

...
button/sleep)
case "$2" in
SLPB) #echo -n mem >/sys/power/state ;;
/etc/acpi/actions/sleep.sh;;#注释掉上句,添加这句
...合上屏幕时,待机...
button/lid)
#echo "LID switched!">/dev/tty5
/etc/acpi/actions/sleep.sh #添加这句
;;
...修改脚本以后,重起服务即可生效./etc/rc.d/acpid restart

有个问题就是待机时usb口仍然供电,在windows下则无此现象.

topcpu自动降频查找所需要的模块modprobe -l |grep cpufreq
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_powersave.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_stats.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_userspace.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_ondemand.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_conservative.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/drivers/cpufreq/freq_table.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/longrun.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/powernow-k8.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/powernow-k7.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/powernow-k6.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/speedstep-smi.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/speedstep-lib.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/speedstep-ich.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/acpi-cpufreq.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/p4-clockmod.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/cpufreq-nforce2.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/gx-suspmod.ko
/lib/modules/2.6.17-ARCH/kernel/arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/speedstep-centrino.ko我的cpu是P4M1.6GHZ,选择speedstep-ich.ko,同时需要cpufreq governors: 我这里显示有5个可以选择 userspace, powersave, ondemand, conservative, perform ance.

cpu降频的软件包有cpufreqd和cpufrequtils,后来发现laptop-mode-tools里面直接可以控制cpu频率和throttling.推荐使用这个.

需要在rc.conf中添加speedstep-ich和ondemand

top监测硬盘,cpu,电池等arch中监测支持smart硬盘温度软件有smartmontools和hddtemp,第一个监测的功能很多,我们使用第二个,[arch@localhost proc]$ sudo hddtemp -n /dev/hda
51

监测cpu频率,温度,电池等. 这些信息都在/proc/acpi中,一般窗口管理器里面自带脚本/插件都可以监测,若没用的话,使用某个脚本语言,用正则表达式抓取数据也是很容易的. conky可以将数据输出到桌面.

这里有一个ion下检测系统信息的脚本

topthinkpad笔记本的热键设置主要使用ibm_acpi模块,其它品牌笔记本不适用.<BR> 添加ibm_acpi到rc.conf中的MODULES,在/etc/modprobe.conf 添加options ibm_acpi hotkey=enable,0xffff experimental=1指定加载模块时的参数,hotkey=enable,0xffff指明使用尽可能多的快捷键,experimental=1打开一些在测试中的功能,如控 制cpu风扇等,启用hotkey功能后,Fn+F4组合键将不产生sleep的acpi的事件,而是ibm/hotkey事件.

这样运行 acpi_listen后,可以监测Fn+F1-F12中那些组合产生acpi的事件,我这里是 F3,F4,F7,F8,F12.我将F3设置为开关屏幕,F4为待机,F7为切换显示器,F8为关闭bay(用来热拔插光驱或第2块电池),F12设置为关机.

我们使用radeontool来切换,它没有监测lcd状态的功能,可以使用脚本来简单判断lcd的状态.

/etc/acpi/actions/lcd_switch.sh

#!/bin/sh

flag=/tmp/thinkpad_lcd_off

if [ -e $flag ]; then
/usr/sbin/radeontool light on
rm -f $flag
else
/usr/sbin/radeontool light off
> $flag
fi注意要chmod +x lcd_switch.sh

切换显示器使用

echo video_switch > /proc/acpi/ibm/video关闭bay使用echo eject > /proc/acpi/ibm/bay

修改handler.sh

...
ibm/hotkey)
case "$2" in
HKEY)
case "$4" in
00001003) #echo "f3" >/dev/tty5
/etc/acpi/actions/lcd_switch.sh
;;
00001004) #echo "f4" >/dev/tty5
/etc/acpi/actions/sleep.sh
;;
00001007) #echo "f7" >/dev/tty5
echo video_switch > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
;;
00001008) #echo "f8" >/dev/tty5
echo eject > /proc/acpi/ibm/bay
;;
0000100c) #echo "f12" >/dev/tty5
/sbin/halt
;;
esac
;;
*) logger "ibm_acpi undefined:$2";;
esac
;;
...使用tpb可以在屏幕上显示音量等信息,还可以设置thinkpad等热键.topDPMS的使用

修改xorg.conf在Section "Monitor" 中添加 Option "DPMS",在 Section "ServerLayout" 中添加

Option "StandbyTime" "20" # Turn off screen in 20 minutes
Option "SuspendTime" "30" # Full hibernation in 30 minutes
Option "OffTime" "40" # Turn off DPMS monitor使用xset dpms force standby可以立即查看效果.

我这里dpms一直无法使用,将驱动从"versa"换为"radeon"(软件包为 xf86-video-ati)后dpms正常,使用versa时,使用mplayer播放某些rmvb时,cpu占用率很高,但是画面和声音不同步. mplayer提示"Your system is too SLOW to play this! "使用"radeon"再增加cache的值,可以解决.

xorg.conf部分配置,参考³⁴

Section "Device"
Identifier "Card0"
Driver "radeon"
Option "AGPMode" "4"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "on"
Option "Ahod" "EXA"

Option "AGPFastWrite" "yes"
Option "ColorTiling" "on"
Option "RenderA" "on"
#Option "OverlayOnCRTC1" "on"
#Option "OverlayOnCRTC2" "on"
# enable (partial) PowerPlay features
Option "DynamicClocks" "on"
# use bios hot keys on thinkpad (aka fn+f7)
Option "BIOSHotkeys" "on"
# enable radeon specific xinerama
#Option "MergedFB" "true"
#Option "CRT2Position" "RightOf"
#Option "CRT2Hsync" "50-75"
#Option "CRT2VRefresh" "30-82"
#Option "MetaModes" "1024x768-1024x768"
#Option "MergedNonRectangular" "true"
#BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
EndSectionmplayer -cache 16000 abc.rmvb radeontool的PKGBUILDpkgname=radeontool
pkgver=1.5
pkgrel=2
pkgdesc=
url="http://fdd.com/software/radeon/"
license=GPL
depends=('pciutils')
makedepends=()
backup=()
source=( http://fdd.com/software/radeon/$pkgname-$pkgver.tar.gz)
md5sums=(8065eebe5a2b163e43b40461bfe49a56)

build() {
cd $startdir/src/$pkgname-$pkgver
make || return 1
mkdir -p $startdir/pkg/usr/sbin
cp $pkgname $startdir/pkg/usr/sbin
}

1. http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/How_to_configure_acpid<br />

2. http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/How_to_configure_acpid#Action_Script<br />

3. http://dri.freedesktop.org/wiki/ATIRadeon<br />

4. http://thinkwiki.org/wiki/Additional_options_for_the_radeon_driver