环境配置

swig官网教程：http://www.swig.org/tutorial.html
swigwin下载地址：https://sourceforge.net/projects/swig/files/swigwin/
安装后为了方便，可以添加安装目录到环境变量path。

SWIG_DIR = C:\swigwin-4.0.2
SWIG_EXECUTABLE = C:\swigwin-4.0.2\swig.exe

C++：我使用的是Mingw-w64（GCC 9.3.0），如果使用高版本的python，gcc版本不能太低，否则会报错。记得配置环境变量哦！超详细教程：windows安装MSYS2（mingw && gcc）——更新于2021.11

$ gcc --version
Copyright (C) 2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

Clion：正常安装配置好Toolchains就可以了。（当然也可以选用其他IDE）
IDEA：正常安装后，在菜单栏依次 File->Project Structure->Project->Project SDK->ADD SDK->Download SDK，环境变量JAVA_HOME = C:\.jdks\openjdk-17.0.1

0基础上手例子（C/C++）

首先我们看一个最简单的例子，如何用swig让java调用c。这里使用的是mingw和java8。

首先构建如下example.c文件

/* File : example.c */#include <time.h>double My_variable = 3.0;int fact(int n) {if (n <= 1) return 1;else return n * fact(n - 1);
}int my_mod(int x, int y) {return (x % y);
}char *get_time() {time_t ltime;time(&ltime);return ctime(&ltime);
}

之后构建example.i文件

 /* example.i */%module example%{/* Put header files here or function declarations like below */extern double My_variable;extern int fact(int n);extern int my_mod(int x, int y);extern char *get_time();%}extern double My_variable;extern int fact(int n);extern int my_mod(int x, int y);extern char *get_time();

在当前目录打开cmd，然后输入：

$ swig -java example.i
$ gcc -c example.c example_wrap.c -I "C:\Program Files\jdk1.8.0_262\include" -I "C:\Program Files\jdk1.8.0_262\include\win32"
$ gcc -shared example.o  example_wrap.o -mno-clwb -Wl,--add-stdcall-alias  -o example.dll

如果想用C++编译可以用如下（注意和上面的区别）：

$ swig -c++ -java example.i
$ g++ -c example.c example_wrap.cxx -I "C:\Program Files\jdk1.8.0_262\include" -I "C:\Program Files\jdk1.8.0_262\include\win32"
$ g++ -shared example.o  example_wrap.o -mno-clwb -Wl,--add-stdcall-alias  -o example.dll

创建main.java

/* main.java */
public class main {public static void main(String argv[]) {System.loadLibrary("example");System.out.println(example.getMy_variable());System.out.println(example.fact(5));System.out.println(example.get_time());}
}

 $ javac main.java$ java main3.0120Mon Mar  4 18:20:31  2002$

使用CMake的例子（C语言）

项目工程目录结构：

和之前一样，我们首先构建如下example.c文件

/* File : example.c *//* A global variable */
double Foo = 3.0;/* Compute the greatest common divisor of positive integers */
int gcd(int x, int y) {int g;g = y;while (x > 0) {g = x;x = y % x;y = g;}return g;
}

之后构建example.i文件

/* File : example.i */
%module example%inline %{extern int    gcd(int x, int y);
extern double Foo;
%}

我们创建CMakeLists.txt：

#[[ CMakeLists.txt ]]#指定CMake的最小版本
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.17)
project(Example)set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)include_directories($ENV{JAVA_HOME}/include)
include_directories($ENV{JAVA_HOME}/include/win32)#指定你的.cxx等文件的目录
include_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src)#寻找安装好的swig,其实就是去电脑中找你安装好的Swig环境，所以我们需要提前安装环境。
find_package(SWIG REQUIRED)
include(${SWIG_USE_FILE})
#JAVA文件输出目录 -outdir
set(CMAKE_SWIG_OUTDIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/java)
#指定一个输出目录名，用于放置生成的源文件。例如输出的exampleJAVA_wrap.cxx文件等的位置
set(SWIG_OUTFILE_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/cpp)
#开始生成
swig_add_library(example LANGUAGE java SOURCES src/example.i src/example.c)

之后我们重载CMake项目

然后点击build：

之后会生成：

把这几个文件复制到一个新建的文件夹里，然后再新建runme.java：

/* File : runme.java */public class runme {static {try {System.loadLibrary("example");} catch (UnsatisfiedLinkError e) {System.err.println("Native code library failed to load. See the chapter on Dynamic Linking Problems in the SWIG Java documentation for help.\n" + e);System.exit(1);}}public static void main(String argv[]) {// Call our gcd() functionint x = 42;int y = 105;int g = example.gcd(x, y);System.out.println("The gcd of " + x + " and " + y + " is " + g);// Manipulate the Foo global variable// Output its current valueSystem.out.println("Foo = " + example.getFoo());// Change its valueexample.setFoo(3.1415926);// See if the change took effectSystem.out.println("Foo = " + example.getFoo());}
}

运行runme.main()：

The gcd of 42 and 105 is 21
Foo = 3.0
Foo = 3.1415926

使用CMake的例子（C++）

项目工程目录结构：

和之前一样，我们首先构建如下example.cxx文件

/* File : example.cxx */#include "example.h"

之后构建example.i文件

/* File : example.i */
%module(directors="1") example
%{#include "example.h"
%}%include "std_vector.i"
%include "std_string.i"/* turn on director wrapping for Manager */
%feature("director") Employee;
%feature("director") Manager;%include "example.h"

之后构建example.h文件

/* File : example.h */#include <cstdio>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <cmath>class Employee {private:std::string name;
public:Employee(const char* n): name(n) {}virtual std::string getTitle() { return getPosition() + " " + getName(); }virtual std::string getName() { return name; }virtual std::string getPosition() const { return "Employee"; }virtual ~Employee() { printf("~Employee() @ %p\n", (void *)this); }
};class Manager: public Employee {public:Manager(const char* n): Employee(n) {}virtual std::string getPosition() const { return "Manager"; }
};class EmployeeList {std::vector<Employee*> list;
public:EmployeeList() {list.push_back(new Employee("Bob"));list.push_back(new Employee("Jane"));list.push_back(new Manager("Ted"));}void addEmployee(Employee *p) {list.push_back(p);std::cout << "New employee added.   Current employees are:" << std::endl;std::vector<Employee*>::iterator i;for (i=list.begin(); i!=list.end(); i++) {std::cout << "  " << (*i)->getTitle() << std::endl;}}const Employee *get_item(int i) {return list[i];}~EmployeeList() { std::vector<Employee*>::iterator i;std::cout << "~EmployeeList, deleting " << list.size() << " employees." << std::endl;for (i=list.begin(); i!=list.end(); i++) {delete *i;}std::cout << "~EmployeeList empty." << std::endl;}
};

我们创建CMakeLists.txt（注意这里和C语言的CMakeLists.txt的区别）：

#[[ CMakeLists.txt ]]#指定CMake的最小版本
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.17)
project(Example)set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)include_directories($ENV{JAVA_HOME}/include)
include_directories($ENV{JAVA_HOME}/include/win32)#指定你的.cxx等文件的目录
include_directories(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src)#寻找安装好的swig,其实就是去电脑中找你安装好的Swig环境，所以我们需要提前安装环境。
find_package(SWIG REQUIRED)
include(${SWIG_USE_FILE})
#JAVA文件输出目录 -outdir
set(CMAKE_SWIG_OUTDIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/java)
#指定一个输出目录名，用于放置生成的源文件。例如输出的exampleJAVA_wrap.cxx文件等的位置
set(SWIG_OUTFILE_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/cpp)
#c ++模式
set_property(SOURCE src/example.i PROPERTY CPLUSPLUS ON)
#开始生成
swig_add_library(example LANGUAGE java SOURCES src/example.i)

之后我们重载CMake项目

然后点击build：

之后会生成：

把这几个文件复制到一个新建的文件夹里，然后再新建runme.java：

/* File : runme.java */// This file illustrates the cross language polymorphism using directors.
// CEO class, which overrides Employee::getPosition().class CEO extends Manager {public CEO(String name) {super(name);}public String getPosition() {return "CEO";}// Public method to stop the SWIG proxy base class from thinking it owns the underlying C++ memory.public void disownMemory() {swigCMemOwn = false;}
}public class runme {static {try {System.loadLibrary("example");} catch (UnsatisfiedLinkError e) {System.err.println("Native code library failed to load. See the chapter on Dynamic Linking Problems in the SWIG Java documentation for help.\n" + e);System.exit(1);}}public static void main(String argv[]) {// Create an instance of CEO, a class derived from the Java proxy of the // underlying C++ class. The calls to getName() and getPosition() are standard,// the call to getTitle() uses the director wrappers to call CEO.getPosition().CEO e = new CEO("Alice");System.out.println(e.getName() + " is a " + e.getPosition());System.out.println("Just call her \"" + e.getTitle() + "\"");System.out.println("----------------------");// Create a new EmployeeList instance.  This class does not have a C++// director wrapper, but can be used freely with other classes that do.EmployeeList list = new EmployeeList();// EmployeeList owns its items, so we must surrender ownership of objects we add.e.disownMemory();list.addEmployee(e);System.out.println("----------------------");// Now we access the first four items in list (three are C++ objects that// EmployeeList's constructor adds, the last is our CEO). The virtual// methods of all these instances are treated the same. For items 0, 1, and// 2, all methods resolve in C++. For item 3, our CEO, getTitle calls// getPosition which resolves in Java. The call to getPosition is// slightly different, however, because of the overridden getPosition() call, since// now the object reference has been "laundered" by passing through// EmployeeList as an Employee*. Previously, Java resolved the call// immediately in CEO, but now Java thinks the object is an instance of// class Employee. So the call passes through the// Employee proxy class and on to the C wrappers and C++ director,// eventually ending up back at the Java CEO implementation of getPosition().// The call to getTitle() for item 3 runs the C++ Employee::getTitle()// method, which in turn calls getPosition(). This virtual method call// passes down through the C++ director class to the Java implementation// in CEO. All this routing takes place transparently.System.out.println("(position, title) for items 0-3:");System.out.println("  " + list.get_item(0).getPosition() + ", \"" + list.get_item(0).getTitle() + "\"");System.out.println("  " + list.get_item(1).getPosition() + ", \"" + list.get_item(1).getTitle() + "\"");System.out.println("  " + list.get_item(2).getPosition() + ", \"" + list.get_item(2).getTitle() + "\"");System.out.println("  " + list.get_item(3).getPosition() + ", \"" + list.get_item(3).getTitle() + "\"");System.out.println("----------------------");// Time to delete the EmployeeList, which will delete all the Employee*// items it contains. The last item is our CEO, which gets destroyed as well.list.delete();System.out.println("----------------------");// All done.System.out.println("java exit");}
}

运行runme.main()：

Alice is a CEO
Just call her "CEO Alice"
----------------------
New employee added.   Current employees are:Employee BobEmployee JaneManager TedCEO Alice
----------------------
(position, title) for items 0-3:Employee, "Employee Bob"Employee, "Employee Jane"Manager, "Manager Ted"CEO, "CEO Alice"
----------------------
~EmployeeList, deleting 4 employees.
~Employee() @ 00000299491925A0
~Employee() @ 0000029949192970
~Employee() @ 00000299491929C0
~Employee() @ 00000299491928F0
~EmployeeList empty.
----------------------
java exitProcess finished with exit code 0

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Swig超详细入门教程（Java调用C/C++, CMake）——更新于2021.12

目录

相关教程

环境配置

0基础上手例子（C/C++）

使用CMake的例子（C语言）

使用CMake的例子（C++）

Swig超详细入门教程（Java调用C/C++, CMake）——更新于2021.12相关推荐

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