一、镜像制作的方法

1.本地导入导出镜像

请参考：Docker 架构原理及简单使用

导出：docker save nginx >/tmp/nginx.tar.gz导入：docker load 

2.docker commit 命令创建镜像副本

请参考：Docker docker commit方法镜像制作

3.docker file

前面两种方法已经介绍过了，这里介绍docker file，生成环境推荐使用这种方法

二、docker file方法制作镜像

1.什么是docker file

用来全自动构建镜像文件，命名为Dockerfile

2.Dockerfile 文件编写指令及语法

1)指令

FROM 　　　　　　MAINTAINER　　　RUN　　　　　　　CMD　　　　　　EXPOSEENVADDCOPYENTRYPOINTVOLUMEUSERWORKDIRONBUILD

2)语法

引用了docker中文文档：http://www.docker.org.cn/dockerppt/114.html

1.FROM 　　例子：FROM centos　　FROM指定构建镜像的基础源镜像，如果本地没有指定的镜像，则会自动从Docker的公共库pull镜像下来。　　FROM必须是Dockerfile中非注释行的第一个指令，即一个Dockerfile从FROM语句开始　　FROM可以在一个DOCKERfile中出现多次，如果有需求在一个Dockerfile中创建多个镜像2.MAINTAINER 　　例子：MAINTAINER zxg zhutoyearn@163.com　　指定创建镜像的用户3.RUN　　　两种使用方式：RUNRUN "executable", "param1", "param2"　　例子：RUN yum install wget -y 　　每条RUN指令将在当前镜像基础上执行指定命令，并提交为新的镜像，后续的RUN都在之前RUN提交后的镜像为基础，镜像是分层的，可以通过一个镜像的任何一个历史提交点来创建，类似源码的 版本控制 。　　exec 方式会被解析为一个 JSON 数组，所以必须使用双引号而不是单引号。exec 方式不会调用一个命令 shell，所以也就不会继承相应的变量，如：　　RUN [ "echo", "$HOME" ] #错误，这个个方法不会输出HOME变量，下面为正确方式　　RUN [ "sh", "-c", "echo", "$HOME" ]　RUN 产生的缓存在下一次构建的适合是不会失效的，会被重用，可以使用--no-cache选择，即docker build-no-cache,如此便不会缓存4.CMD　　三种使用方式：CMD "executable","param1","param2"CMD "param1","param2"CMD command param1 param2 (shell form)　例子：CMD["nginx"]　CMD指定在 Dockerfile 中只能使用一次，如果有多个，则只有最后一个会生效。CMD的目的是为了在启动容器时提供一个默认的命令执行选项。如果用户启动容器时指定了运行的命令，则会覆盖掉CMD指定的命令。CMD会在启动容器的时候执行，build 时不执行，而RUN只是在构建镜像的时候执行，后续镜像构建完成之后，启动容器就与RUN无关了，这个初学者容易弄混这个概念，这里简单注解一下。　　5.EXPOSE　[...]　　告诉docker服务端容器对外映射的本地端口，需要在docker run的使用使用-p或者-P选项生效　　例子：EXPOSE 806.ENV　　ENV 　　ENV =。。。　　指定一个环节变量，会被后续RUN指令使用，并在容器运行时保留　　例子：ENV myname zxg　　　　　ENV myhome beijing　　　　　ENV myname="zxg" myhome=beijing　　7.ADD　　ADD ...　　ADD复制本地主机文件、目录或者远程文件URLS从并且添加到容器指定路径中　　支持通过Go的正则模式匹配，具体规则可参见Go filepath.Match　　例子：ADD hom* /mydir/　　#adds all files starting with ”hom“　　　　 ADD hom？.txt /mydir/ #？is replaced with any single character　　　　ADD index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html　　注意如下：路径必须是绝对路径，如果 不存在，会自动创建对应目录路径必须是 Dockerfile 所在路径的相对路径如果是一个目录，只会复制目录下的内容，而目录本身则不会被复制8.COPY　　COPY ...　　COPY复制新文件或者目录并且添加到容器指定路径中，用法和ADD相同，唯一区别时不能指定远程文件URLS。9.ENTRYPOINT　　ENTRYPOINT "executable","param1","param2"　　ENTRYPOINT command param1 param2(shell form)　　　　配置容器启动后执行的命令，并且不可被 docker run 提供的参数覆盖，而CMD是可以被覆盖的。如果需要覆盖，则可以使用docker run --entrypoint选项。　　　　每个 Dockerfile 中只能有一个ENTRYPOINT，当指定多个时，只有最后一个生效。　　　　Exec form ENTRYPOINT 例子　　　　通过ENTRYPOINT使用 exec form 方式设置稳定的默认命令和选项，而使用CMD添加默认之外经常被改动的选项。　　　　FROM ubuntu　　　　ENTRYPOINT ["top", "-b"]　　　　CMD ["-c"]　　　　通过 Dockerfile 使用ENTRYPOINT展示前台运行 Apache 服务　　　　FROM debian:stable　　　　RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --force-yes apache2　　　　EXPOSE 80 443　　　　VOLUME ["/var/www", "/var/log/apache2", "/etc/apache2"]　　　　ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/sbin/apache2ctl", "-D", "FOREGROUND"]　　　　Shell form ENTRYPOINT 例子　　　　这种方式会在/bin/sh -c中执行，会忽略任何CMD或者docker run命令行选项，为了确保docker stop能够停止长时间运行ENTRYPOINT的容器，确保执行的时候使用exec选项。　　　　FROM ubuntu　　　　ENTRYPOINT exec top -b　　　　如果在ENTRYPOINT忘记使用exec选项，则可以使用CMD补上:　　　　FROM ubuntu　　　　ENTRYPOINT top -b　　　　CMD --ignored-param1 # --ignored-param2 ... --ignored-param3 ... 依此类推10.VOLUME 　　VOLUME ["/data"]　　创建一个可以从本地主机或其他容器挂载的挂载点，后续具体介绍11.USER　　USER daemon　　指定运行容器时的用户名或UID，后续RUN、CMD、ENTERPOINT也会使用指定用户12.WORKDIR 　WORKDIR /path/to/workdir　　为后续的RUN、CMD、ENTRYPOINT指令配置工作目录。可以使用多个WORKDIR指令，后续命令如果参数是相对路径，则会基于之前命令指定的路径　　WORKDIR /a　　WORKDIR b　　WORKDIR c　　RUN pwd　　最终路径是/a/b/c　　WORKDIR指令可以在ENV设置变量之后调用环境变量：　　ENV DIRPATH /path　　WORKDIR $DIRPATH/$DIRNAME　　最终路径则为 /path/$DIRNAME 13.ONBUILD　　ONBUILD [INSTRUCTION]　　配置当所创建的镜像作为其他新创建镜像的基础镜像时，所执行的操作指令　　例如：Dockerfile 使用如下的内容创建了镜像image-A：　　　　[...]　　　　ONBUILD ADD . /app/src　　　　ONBUILD RUN /usr/local/bin/python-build --dri /app/src　　　　[...]

3.例子examples，做一个centos安装了nginx及wget的镜像

[root@web1 docker]# vim Dockerfile#this is docker file for centos-nginxFROM centosMAINTAINER zxg RUN yum install wget -yRUN rpm -ivh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm N yum install nginx -y▽DD index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.htmlRUN echo "daemon off;">>/etc/nginx/nginx.confEXPOSE 80CMD ["nginx"]

4.使用build命令制作镜像

1)build命令说明

$ docker build --helpUsage: docker build [OPTIONS] PATH | URL | -Build a new image from the source code at PATH --force-rm=false Always remove intermediate containers, even after unsuccessful builds # 移除过渡容器，即使构建失败 --no-cache=false Do not use cache when building the image # 不实用 cache  -q, --quiet=false Suppress the verbose output generated by the containers  --rm=true Remove intermediate containers after a successful build # 构建成功后移除过渡层容器 -t, --tag="" Repository name (and optionally a tag) to be applied to the resulting image in case of success

2)制作镜像

docker build -t zxg/nginx1 .

整个过程还挺长，所以折叠了，可以点开看一下

[root@web1 docker]# docker build -t zxg/nginx1 .Sending build context to Docker daemon 3.072 kBStep 1/9 : FROM centos ---> 9f38484d220fStep 2/9 : MAINTAINER zxg  ---> Using cache ---> 35983aa687edStep 3/9 : RUN yum install wget -y ---> Using cache ---> efb8205fc8d2Step 4/9 : RUN rpm -ivh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm ---> Running in 56c5812e494fwarning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.pS5KO3: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEYRetrieving https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpmPreparing... ########################################Updating / installing...epel-release-7-11 ######################################## ---> cf40357c60bbRemoving intermediate container 56c5812e494fStep 5/9 : RUN yum install nginx -y ---> Running in 36ebe7b47657Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovlLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn * epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.huaweicloud.comhttps://hkg.mirror.rackspace.com/epel/7/x86_64/repodata/192b605ef6d0f773ad6162832c60509e1bc0817e28662ea77340078287b3b4d8-updateinfo.xml.bz2: [Errno 14] HTTPS Error 404 - Not FoundTrying other mirror.To address this issue please refer to the below wiki article https://wiki.centos.org/yum-errorsIf above article doesn't help to resolve this issue please use https://bugs.centos.org/.https://mirrors.njupt.edu.cn/epel/7/x86_64/repodata/dc10637460e531277a1cd82574de2dde2637fd3a9e90cd0282e9436d3a95b91d-primary.sqlite.bz2: [Errno 14] HTTPS Error 404 - Not FoundTrying other mirror.http://fedora.cs.nctu.edu.tw/epel/7/x86_64/repodata/dc10637460e531277a1cd82574de2dde2637fd3a9e90cd0282e9436d3a95b91d-primary.sqlite.bz2: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not FoundTrying other mirror.Resolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package nginx.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: nginx-all-modules = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: nginx-filesystem = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: nginx-filesystem for package: 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: openssl for package: 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libprofiler.so.0()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64--> Running transaction check---> Package gperftools-libs.x86_64 0:2.6.1-1.el7 will be installed---> Package nginx-all-modules.noarch 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-geoip = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-image-filter = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-perl = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-mail = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch--> Processing Dependency: nginx-mod-stream = 1:1.12.2-3.el7 for package: 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch---> Package nginx-filesystem.noarch 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed---> Package openssl.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: openssl-libs(x86-64) = 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1 for package: 1:openssl-1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: make for package: 1:openssl-1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1.x86_64--> Running transaction check---> Package make.x86_64 1:3.82-23.el7 will be installed---> Package nginx-mod-http-geoip.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: GeoIP for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-geoip-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libGeoIP.so.1()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-geoip-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64---> Package nginx-mod-http-image-filter.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: gd for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libgd.so.2()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64---> Package nginx-mod-http-perl.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: perl >= 5.006001 for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(:MODULE_COMPAT_5.16.3) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Exporter) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(XSLoader) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(constant) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(strict) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(warnings) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libperl.so()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64---> Package nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: libxslt.so.1(LIBXML2_1.0.11)(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libxslt.so.1(LIBXML2_1.0.18)(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libexslt.so.0()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libxslt.so.1()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64---> Package nginx-mod-mail.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed---> Package nginx-mod-stream.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 will be installed---> Package openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7 will be updated---> Package openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1 will be an update--> Running transaction check---> Package GeoIP.x86_64 0:1.5.0-13.el7 will be installed---> Package gd.x86_64 0:2.0.35-26.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: libpng15.so.15(PNG15_0)(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libjpeg.so.62(LIBJPEG_6.2)(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libpng15.so.15()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libjpeg.so.62()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libfreetype.so.6()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libfontconfig.so.1()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libXpm.so.4()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libX11.so.6()(64bit) for package: gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64---> Package libxslt.x86_64 0:1.1.28-5.el7 will be installed---> Package perl.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: perl(Socket) >= 1.3 for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Scalar::Util) >= 1.10 for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl-macros for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(threads::shared) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(threads) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Time::Local) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Time::HiRes) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Storable) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Socket) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Scalar::Util) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Simple::XHTML) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Simple::Search) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Getopt::Long) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Filter::Util::Call) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Temp) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec::Unix) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec::Functions) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Path) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Cwd) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Carp) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64---> Package perl-Exporter.noarch 0:5.68-3.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-constant.noarch 0:1.27-2.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-libs.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 will be installed--> Running transaction check---> Package fontconfig.x86_64 0:2.13.0-4.3.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: fontpackages-filesystem for package: fontconfig-2.13.0-4.3.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: dejavu-sans-fonts for package: fontconfig-2.13.0-4.3.el7.x86_64---> Package freetype.x86_64 0:2.8-12.el7_6.1 will be installed---> Package libX11.x86_64 0:1.6.5-2.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: libX11-common >= 1.6.5-2.el7 for package: libX11-1.6.5-2.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libxcb.so.1()(64bit) for package: libX11-1.6.5-2.el7.x86_64---> Package libXpm.x86_64 0:3.5.12-1.el7 will be installed---> Package libjpeg-turbo.x86_64 0:1.2.90-6.el7 will be installed---> Package libpng.x86_64 2:1.5.13-7.el7_2 will be installed---> Package perl-Carp.noarch 0:1.26-244.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-File-Path.noarch 0:2.09-2.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-File-Temp.noarch 0:0.23.01-3.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-Filter.x86_64 0:1.49-3.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-Getopt-Long.noarch 0:2.40-3.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Usage) >= 1.14 for package: perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch--> Processing Dependency: perl(Text::ParseWords) for package: perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch---> Package perl-PathTools.x86_64 0:3.40-5.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-Pod-Simple.noarch 1:3.28-4.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Escapes) >= 1.04 for package: 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch--> Processing Dependency: perl(Encode) for package: 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch---> Package perl-Scalar-List-Utils.x86_64 0:1.27-248.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-Socket.x86_64 0:2.010-4.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-Storable.x86_64 0:2.45-3.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-Time-HiRes.x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-Time-Local.noarch 0:1.2300-2.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-macros.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 will be installed---> Package perl-threads.x86_64 0:1.87-4.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-threads-shared.x86_64 0:1.43-6.el7 will be installed--> Running transaction check---> Package dejavu-sans-fonts.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: dejavu-fonts-common = 2.33-6.el7 for package: dejavu-sans-fonts-2.33-6.el7.noarch---> Package fontpackages-filesystem.noarch 0:1.44-8.el7 will be installed---> Package libX11-common.noarch 0:1.6.5-2.el7 will be installed---> Package libxcb.x86_64 0:1.13-1.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: libXau.so.6()(64bit) for package: libxcb-1.13-1.el7.x86_64---> Package perl-Encode.x86_64 0:2.51-7.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-Pod-Escapes.noarch 1:1.04-294.el7_6 will be installed---> Package perl-Pod-Usage.noarch 0:1.63-3.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Text) >= 3.15 for package: perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch--> Processing Dependency: perl-Pod-Perldoc for package: perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch---> Package perl-Text-ParseWords.noarch 0:3.29-4.el7 will be installed--> Running transaction check---> Package dejavu-fonts-common.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7 will be installed---> Package libXau.x86_64 0:1.0.8-2.1.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-Pod-Perldoc.noarch 0:3.20-4.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: perl(parent) for package: perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch--> Processing Dependency: perl(HTTP::Tiny) for package: perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch--> Processing Dependency: groff-base for package: perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch---> Package perl-podlators.noarch 0:2.5.1-3.el7 will be installed--> Running transaction check---> Package groff-base.x86_64 0:1.22.2-8.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-HTTP-Tiny.noarch 0:0.033-3.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-parent.noarch 1:0.225-244.el7 will be installed--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size================================================================================Installing: nginx x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 531 kInstalling for dependencies: GeoIP x86_64 1.5.0-13.el7 base 1.5 M dejavu-fonts-common noarch 2.33-6.el7 base 64 k dejavu-sans-fonts noarch 2.33-6.el7 base 1.4 M fontconfig x86_64 2.13.0-4.3.el7 base 254 k fontpackages-filesystem noarch 1.44-8.el7 base 9.9 k freetype x86_64 2.8-12.el7_6.1 updates 380 k gd x86_64 2.0.35-26.el7 base 146 k gperftools-libs x86_64 2.6.1-1.el7 base 272 k groff-base x86_64 1.22.2-8.el7 base 942 k libX11 x86_64 1.6.5-2.el7 base 606 k libX11-common noarch 1.6.5-2.el7 base 164 k libXau x86_64 1.0.8-2.1.el7 base 29 k libXpm x86_64 3.5.12-1.el7 base 55 k libjpeg-turbo x86_64 1.2.90-6.el7 base 134 k libpng x86_64 2:1.5.13-7.el7_2 base 213 k libxcb x86_64 1.13-1.el7 base 214 k libxslt x86_64 1.1.28-5.el7 base 242 k make x86_64 1:3.82-23.el7 base 420 k nginx-all-modules noarch 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 16 k nginx-filesystem noarch 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 17 k nginx-mod-http-geoip x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 23 k nginx-mod-http-image-filter x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 27 k nginx-mod-http-perl x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 36 k nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 26 k nginx-mod-mail x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 54 k nginx-mod-stream x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 epel 76 k openssl x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1 updates 493 k perl x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 updates 8.0 M perl-Carp noarch 1.26-244.el7 base 19 k perl-Encode x86_64 2.51-7.el7 base 1.5 M perl-Exporter noarch 5.68-3.el7 base 28 k perl-File-Path noarch 2.09-2.el7 base 26 k perl-File-Temp noarch 0.23.01-3.el7 base 56 k perl-Filter x86_64 1.49-3.el7 base 76 k perl-Getopt-Long noarch 2.40-3.el7 base 56 k perl-HTTP-Tiny noarch 0.033-3.el7 base 38 k perl-PathTools x86_64 3.40-5.el7 base 82 k perl-Pod-Escapes noarch 1:1.04-294.el7_6 updates 51 k perl-Pod-Perldoc noarch 3.20-4.el7 base 87 k perl-Pod-Simple noarch 1:3.28-4.el7 base 216 k perl-Pod-Usage noarch 1.63-3.el7 base 27 k perl-Scalar-List-Utils x86_64 1.27-248.el7 base 36 k perl-Socket x86_64 2.010-4.el7 base 49 k perl-Storable x86_64 2.45-3.el7 base 77 k perl-Text-ParseWords noarch 3.29-4.el7 base 14 k perl-Time-HiRes x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7 base 45 k perl-Time-Local noarch 1.2300-2.el7 base 24 k perl-constant noarch 1.27-2.el7 base 19 k perl-libs x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 updates 688 k perl-macros x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6 updates 44 k perl-parent noarch 1:0.225-244.el7 base 12 k perl-podlators noarch 2.5.1-3.el7 base 112 k perl-threads x86_64 1.87-4.el7 base 49 k perl-threads-shared x86_64 1.43-6.el7 base 39 kUpdating for dependencies: openssl-libs x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1 updates 1.2 MTransaction Summary================================================================================Install 1 Package (+54 Dependent packages)Upgrade ( 1 Dependent package)Total download size: 21 MDownloading packages:Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed.warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/epel/packages/nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEYPublic key for nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Total 868 kB/s | 21 MB 00:24 Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7Importing GPG key 0x352C64E5: Userid : "Fedora EPEL (7) " Fingerprint: 91e9 7d7c 4a5e 96f1 7f3e 888f 6a2f aea2 352c 64e5 Package : epel-release-7-11.noarch (installed) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7Running transaction checkRunning transaction testTransaction test succeededRunning transactionWarning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Updating : 1:openssl-libs-1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1.x86_64 1/57  Installing : fontpackages-filesystem-1.44-8.el7.noarch 2/57  Installing : 2:libpng-1.5.13-7.el7_2.x86_64 3/57  Installing : freetype-2.8-12.el7_6.1.x86_64 4/57  Installing : dejavu-fonts-common-2.33-6.el7.noarch 5/57  Installing : dejavu-sans-fonts-2.33-6.el7.noarch 6/57  Installing : fontconfig-2.13.0-4.3.el7.x86_64 7/57  Installing : 1:nginx-filesystem-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch 8/57  Installing : libX11-common-1.6.5-2.el7.noarch 9/57  Installing : gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64 10/57  Installing : libXau-1.0.8-2.1.el7.x86_64 11/57  Installing : libxcb-1.13-1.el7.x86_64 12/57  Installing : libX11-1.6.5-2.el7.x86_64 13/57  Installing : libXpm-3.5.12-1.el7.x86_64 14/57  Installing : libxslt-1.1.28-5.el7.x86_64 15/57  Installing : groff-base-1.22.2-8.el7.x86_64 16/57  Installing : 1:perl-parent-0.225-244.el7.noarch 17/57  Installing : perl-HTTP-Tiny-0.033-3.el7.noarch 18/57  Installing : perl-podlators-2.5.1-3.el7.noarch 19/57  Installing : perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch 20/57  Installing : 1:perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-294.el7_6.noarch 21/57  Installing : perl-Text-ParseWords-3.29-4.el7.noarch 22/57  Installing : perl-Encode-2.51-7.el7.x86_64 23/57  Installing : perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch 24/57  Installing : 4:perl-libs-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 25/57  Installing : 4:perl-macros-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 26/57  Installing : 4:perl-Time-HiRes-1.9725-3.el7.x86_64 27/57  Installing : perl-Exporter-5.68-3.el7.noarch 28/57  Installing : perl-constant-1.27-2.el7.noarch 29/57  Installing : perl-Time-Local-1.2300-2.el7.noarch 30/57  Installing : perl-Carp-1.26-244.el7.noarch 31/57  Installing : perl-Storable-2.45-3.el7.x86_64 32/57  Installing : perl-PathTools-3.40-5.el7.x86_64 33/57  Installing : perl-Scalar-List-Utils-1.27-248.el7.x86_64 34/57  Installing : perl-File-Temp-0.23.01-3.el7.noarch 35/57  Installing : perl-File-Path-2.09-2.el7.noarch 36/57  Installing : perl-threads-shared-1.43-6.el7.x86_64 37/57  Installing : perl-threads-1.87-4.el7.x86_64 38/57  Installing : perl-Filter-1.49-3.el7.x86_64 39/57  Installing : perl-Socket-2.010-4.el7.x86_64 40/57  Installing : 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch 41/57  Installing : perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch 42/57  Installing : 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 43/57  Installing : GeoIP-1.5.0-13.el7.x86_64 44/57  Installing : libjpeg-turbo-1.2.90-6.el7.x86_64 45/57  Installing : gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 46/57  Installing : 1:make-3.82-23.el7.x86_64 47/57  Installing : 1:openssl-1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1.x86_64 48/57  Installing : 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 49/57  Installing : 1:nginx-mod-mail-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 50/57  Installing : 1:nginx-mod-stream-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 51/57  Installing : 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 52/57  Installing : 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 53/57  Installing : 1:nginx-mod-http-geoip-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 54/57  Installing : 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch 55/57  Installing : 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 56/57  Cleanup : 1:openssl-libs-1.0.2k-16.el7.x86_64 57/57  Verifying : 1:nginx-all-modules-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch 1/57  Verifying : fontconfig-2.13.0-4.3.el7.x86_64 2/57  Verifying : perl-HTTP-Tiny-0.033-3.el7.noarch 3/57  Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 4/57  Verifying : perl-threads-shared-1.43-6.el7.x86_64 5/57  Verifying : 4:perl-Time-HiRes-1.9725-3.el7.x86_64 6/57  Verifying : 1:perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-294.el7_6.noarch 7/57  Verifying : 1:make-3.82-23.el7.x86_64 8/57  Verifying : perl-Exporter-5.68-3.el7.noarch 9/57  Verifying : perl-constant-1.27-2.el7.noarch 10/57  Verifying : perl-PathTools-3.40-5.el7.x86_64 11/57  Verifying : 1:nginx-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 12/57  Verifying : 2:libpng-1.5.13-7.el7_2.x86_64 13/57  Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-mail-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 14/57  Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-stream-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 15/57  Verifying : dejavu-fonts-common-2.33-6.el7.noarch 16/57  Verifying : fontpackages-filesystem-1.44-8.el7.noarch 17/57  Verifying : libjpeg-turbo-1.2.90-6.el7.x86_64 18/57  Verifying : 1:perl-parent-0.225-244.el7.noarch 19/57  Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 20/57  Verifying : GeoIP-1.5.0-13.el7.x86_64 21/57  Verifying : 4:perl-libs-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 22/57  Verifying : groff-base-1.22.2-8.el7.x86_64 23/57  Verifying : perl-File-Temp-0.23.01-3.el7.noarch 24/57  Verifying : 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch 25/57  Verifying : perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-3.el7.noarch 26/57  Verifying : perl-Time-Local-1.2300-2.el7.noarch 27/57  Verifying : libxcb-1.13-1.el7.x86_64 28/57  Verifying : 4:perl-macros-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 29/57  Verifying : 4:perl-5.16.3-294.el7_6.x86_64 30/57  Verifying : libXpm-3.5.12-1.el7.x86_64 31/57  Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-http-perl-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 32/57  Verifying : 1:openssl-1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1.x86_64 33/57  Verifying : perl-Carp-1.26-244.el7.noarch 34/57  Verifying : libxslt-1.1.28-5.el7.x86_64 35/57  Verifying : libX11-1.6.5-2.el7.x86_64 36/57  Verifying : perl-Storable-2.45-3.el7.x86_64 37/57  Verifying : dejavu-sans-fonts-2.33-6.el7.noarch 38/57  Verifying : perl-Scalar-List-Utils-1.27-248.el7.x86_64 39/57  Verifying : gd-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64 40/57  Verifying : 1:nginx-mod-http-geoip-1.12.2-3.el7.x86_64 41/57  Verifying : perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch 42/57  Verifying : perl-Encode-2.51-7.el7.x86_64 43/57  Verifying : perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch 44/57  Verifying : perl-podlators-2.5.1-3.el7.noarch 45/57  Verifying : libXau-1.0.8-2.1.el7.x86_64 46/57  Verifying : perl-File-Path-2.09-2.el7.noarch 47/57  Verifying : perl-threads-1.87-4.el7.x86_64 48/57  Verifying : gperftools-libs-2.6.1-1.el7.x86_64 49/57  Verifying : libX11-common-1.6.5-2.el7.noarch 50/57  Verifying : perl-Filter-1.49-3.el7.x86_64 51/57  Verifying : freetype-2.8-12.el7_6.1.x86_64 52/57  Verifying : perl-Text-ParseWords-3.29-4.el7.noarch 53/57  Verifying : perl-Socket-2.010-4.el7.x86_64 54/57  Verifying : 1:nginx-filesystem-1.12.2-3.el7.noarch 55/57  Verifying : 1:openssl-libs-1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1.x86_64 56/57  Verifying : 1:openssl-libs-1.0.2k-16.el7.x86_64 57/57 Installed: nginx.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7 Dependency Installed: GeoIP.x86_64 0:1.5.0-13.el7  dejavu-fonts-common.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7  dejavu-sans-fonts.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7  fontconfig.x86_64 0:2.13.0-4.3.el7  fontpackages-filesystem.noarch 0:1.44-8.el7  freetype.x86_64 0:2.8-12.el7_6.1  gd.x86_64 0:2.0.35-26.el7  gperftools-libs.x86_64 0:2.6.1-1.el7  groff-base.x86_64 0:1.22.2-8.el7  libX11.x86_64 0:1.6.5-2.el7  libX11-common.noarch 0:1.6.5-2.el7  libXau.x86_64 0:1.0.8-2.1.el7  libXpm.x86_64 0:3.5.12-1.el7  libjpeg-turbo.x86_64 0:1.2.90-6.el7  libpng.x86_64 2:1.5.13-7.el7_2  libxcb.x86_64 0:1.13-1.el7  libxslt.x86_64 0:1.1.28-5.el7  make.x86_64 1:3.82-23.el7  nginx-all-modules.noarch 1:1.12.2-3.el7  nginx-filesystem.noarch 1:1.12.2-3.el7  nginx-mod-http-geoip.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7  nginx-mod-http-image-filter.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7  nginx-mod-http-perl.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7  nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7  nginx-mod-mail.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7  nginx-mod-stream.x86_64 1:1.12.2-3.el7  openssl.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1  perl.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6  perl-Carp.noarch 0:1.26-244.el7  perl-Encode.x86_64 0:2.51-7.el7  perl-Exporter.noarch 0:5.68-3.el7  perl-File-Path.noarch 0:2.09-2.el7  perl-File-Temp.noarch 0:0.23.01-3.el7  perl-Filter.x86_64 0:1.49-3.el7  perl-Getopt-Long.noarch 0:2.40-3.el7  perl-HTTP-Tiny.noarch 0:0.033-3.el7  perl-PathTools.x86_64 0:3.40-5.el7  perl-Pod-Escapes.noarch 1:1.04-294.el7_6  perl-Pod-Perldoc.noarch 0:3.20-4.el7  perl-Pod-Simple.noarch 1:3.28-4.el7  perl-Pod-Usage.noarch 0:1.63-3.el7  perl-Scalar-List-Utils.x86_64 0:1.27-248.el7  perl-Socket.x86_64 0:2.010-4.el7  perl-Storable.x86_64 0:2.45-3.el7  perl-Text-ParseWords.noarch 0:3.29-4.el7  perl-Time-HiRes.x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7  perl-Time-Local.noarch 0:1.2300-2.el7  perl-constant.noarch 0:1.27-2.el7  perl-libs.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6  perl-macros.x86_64 4:5.16.3-294.el7_6  perl-parent.noarch 1:0.225-244.el7  perl-podlators.noarch 0:2.5.1-3.el7  perl-threads.x86_64 0:1.87-4.el7  perl-threads-shared.x86_64 0:1.43-6.el7 Dependency Updated: openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1 Complete! ---> 996824f87698Removing intermediate container 36ebe7b47657Step 6/9 : ADD index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html ---> a21387c003a7Removing intermediate container 74dfd64941b1Step 7/9 : RUN echo "daemon off;">>/etc/nginx/nginx.conf ---> Running in bd60f92d877e ---> 3b20cd6163a8Removing intermediate container bd60f92d877eStep 8/9 : EXPOSE 80 ---> Running in 54e388a3fd21 ---> 2aeecbaba79bRemoving intermediate container 54e388a3fd21Step 9/9 : CMD nginx ---> Running in 32d4b23b050c ---> 3babdf3c6c6dRemoving intermediate container 32d4b23b050cSuccessfully built 3babdf3c6c6d

5.验证一下,并用curl测试

[root@web1 docker]# docker run -d --name my_nginx1 zxg/nginx1 #后台运行整个容器751a8f9dda48c034d40b8855b3dd6c7aaf785eeaa9ae404c5eb3c0271e434f50[root@web1 docker]# docker psCONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES751a8f9dda48 zxg/nginx1 "nginx" About a minute ago Up About a minute 80/tcp my_nginx1[root@web1 docker]# docker exec -it my_nginx1 bash #进入容器[root@751a8f9dda48 /]# cat /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html #查看文件是否添加到容器this is docker-centos7-nginx1[root@751a8f9dda48 /]# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf # For more information on configuration, see:# * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/# * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/user nginx;worker_processes auto;error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;pid /run/nginx.pid;# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/nginx/README.dynamic.include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;events { worker_connections 1024;}http { log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 2048; include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory. # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include # for more information. include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; server { listen 80 default_server; listen [::]:80 default_server; server_name _; root /usr/share/nginx/html; # Load configuration files for the default server block. include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf; location / { } error_page 404 /404.html; location = /40x.html { } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { } }# Settings for a TLS enabled server.## server {# listen 443 ssl http2 default_server;# listen [::]:443 ssl http2 default_server;# server_name _;# root /usr/share/nginx/html;## ssl_certificate "/etc/pki/nginx/server.crt";# ssl_certificate_key "/etc/pki/nginx/private/server.key";# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;# ssl_session_timeout 10m;# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;## # Load configuration files for the default server block.# include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;## location / {# }## error_page 404 /404.html;# location = /40x.html {# }## error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;# location = /50x.html {# }# }}daemon off;[root@751a8f9dda48 /]# exitexit[root@web1 docker]# 

[root@751a8f9dda48 html]# curl 127.0.0.1this is docker-centos7-nginx1[root@751a8f9dda48 html]#

[root@web1 ~]# docker inspect my_nginx1 |grep IPAddress "SecondaryIPAddresses": null, "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2", "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",[root@web1 ~]# curl 172.17.0.2this is docker-centos7-nginx1[root@web1 ~]#