python3[爬虫实战] 爬虫之requests爬取新浪微博京东客服

爬取的内容为京东客服的微博及评论

思路:主要是通过手机端访问新浪微博的api接口，然后进行数据的筛选，

类似于这样的：https://m.weibo.cn/u/5650743478?uid=5650743478&luicode=10000011&lfid=100103type%3D1%26q%3D%40京东客服&featurecode=20000320

这个主要是登陆上去的微博的url链接，

也可以在
https://passport.weibo.cn/signin/welcome?entry=mweibo&r=http%3A%2F%2Fm.weibo.cn%2F
进行新浪微博的登陆，

可以看到的界面：

这里主要爬取的内容为：

说说，说说下面的评论条目

虽然很简单，但是，不得不说句mmp，爬取的过程很坎坷，现在是一直在ip上，另外，个人经过尝试，睡眠时间30秒一次也不是很好的效果，睡眠10秒就足够了，可能该封你的ip还是会封的，我这问题应该封ip的情况

爬取的方法主要是通过手机端api进行json数据的获取，然后进行数据的提取。

这里可以使用火狐fox的插件使用：

主要api：

说说API：

第一条微博：
https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?uid=5650743478&luicode=10000011&lfid=100103type%3D1%26q%3D京东客服&featurecode=20000320&type=uid&value=5650743478&containerid=1076035650743478

第二条微博：
https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?uid=5650743478&luicode=10000011&lfid=100103type%3D1%26q%3D京东客服&featurecode=20000320&type=uid&value=5650743478&containerid=1076035650743478&page=2

类似于这样子的，

详情评论内容API：

在每条评论下会有一个idstr:4137390568546147

然后跳到评论详情页：
https://m.weibo.cn/status/4137390568546147

评论条目拼加方式：
https://m.weibo.cn/api/comments/show?id=4137390568546147&page=1
https://m.weibo.cn/api/comments/show?id=4137390568546147&page=2

带大家看一下评论api下返回的数据：JSON格式的

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style=\"width:1em;height:1em;\" alt=\"[舔屏]\"></span><span class=\"url-icon\"><img src=\"//h5.sinaimg.cn/m/emoticon/icon/default/d_tian-52ea252705.png\" style=\"width:1em;height:1em;\" alt=\"[舔屏]\"></span> <a data-url=\"http://t.cn/R9S6VWV\" href=\"http://media.weibo.cn/article?object_id=1022%3A2309404137016584472707&url_type=39&object_type=article&pos=1&luicode=10000011&lfid=1076035650743478&featurecode=20000320&id=2309404137016584472707&ep=FfwYadLuD%2C1717871843%2CFfwYadLuD%2C1717871843\" data-hide=\"\"><span class=\"url-icon\"><img src=\"https://h5.sinaimg.cn/upload/2015/09/25/3/timeline_card_small_article_default.png\"></span></i><span class=\"surl-text\">90后小哥征婚启事</a> ","textLength": 38,"source": "微博 weibo.com","favorited": false,"user": {"id": 1717871843,"screen_name": "京东","profile_image_url": "https://tvax4.sinaimg.cn/crop.0.0.480.480.180/6664a4e3ly8fffaxrnv8fj20dc0dcmy4.jpg","profile_url": 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false},"large": {"size": "large","url": "https://wx2.sinaimg.cn/large/006apWvQgy1fi6i9bnkgfj30ku0gwgmj.jpg","geo": {"width": "750","height": "608","croped": false}}}]},"show_type": 0,"openurl": ""},{"card_type": 9,"itemid": "1076035650743478_-_4136613988263792","scheme": "https://m.weibo.cn/status/FfmuOyFMY?mblogid=FfmuOyFMY&luicode=10000011&lfid=1076035650743478&featurecode=20000320","mblog": {"created_at": "08-03","id": "4136613988263792","mid": "4136613988263792","idstr": "4136613988263792","text": "<a class='k' href='https://m.weibo.cn/k/%E5%BC%A0%E8%8B%A5%E6%98%80%E5%94%90%E8%89%BA%E6%98%95%E5%85%AC%E5%BC%80%E6%81%8B%E6%83%85?from=feed'>#张若昀唐艺昕公开恋情#</a> 恭喜呀<span class=\"url-icon\"><img src=\"//h5.sinaimg.cn/m/emoticon/icon/others/l_xin-8e9a1a0346.png\" style=\"width:1em;height:1em;\" alt=\"[心]\"></span><span class=\"url-icon\"><img src=\"//h5.sinaimg.cn/m/emoticon/icon/others/l_xin-8e9a1a0346.png\" style=\"width:1em;height:1em;\" alt=\"[心]\"></span><span class=\"url-icon\"><img 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}

###上面只是一个页面的说说，估计写前端移动端的要晕死，好恶心，要是返回个null或者空回来。。

上面代码可以直接在jsonview里面进行格式化，

爬取的字段是：cards 下面的mblog下面的：text ，idstr(拼接评论页的)

评论条目：https://m.weibo.cn/api/comments/show?id=4137390568546147&page=2

这里的id就是idstr

详情页就是上面评论条目的json串，搞下来也是一大把，跟上面的差不多，详情页里面的数据跟评论页的数据差不多，这里就不再继续多些了，因为上面的内容已经占用的差不多了

因为微博的封IP地址的原因，所以第一次爬取了4w多数据，就GG了，第二天晚上睡眠30秒，爬取一条，发现，毛用也没有，只好是接着爬，ip不封了之后换了cookie，换了starturl，换了page索引继续爬取，也睡眠了10秒，反正睡多了也没用，最后爬取的垃圾数据有22万左右吧，去掉去重不要的估计也就4000不知道有没有，反正也没数。

附上几张爬虫过程中的图片截图：

最后是微博数据的结果图片：

这里的代码上传到github上了，有需要的话可以自己去下载，另外写了一份类似于爬取新浪微博京东客服 @京东客服的简单爬虫。

发一下牢骚，json串又多又大又不稳定，返回不一致

贴上部分代码：

# encoding=utf8
import requests
import json
import re
import timestartUrl = 'https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?uid=5650743478&luicode=10000011&lfid=100103type%3D1%26q%3D%E4%BA%AC%E4%B8%9C%E5%AE%A2%E6%9C%8D&featurecode=20000320&type=uid&value=5650743478&containerid=1076035650743478'headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:54.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/54.0','Cookie': 'ALF=1504709445; SCF=Ag0epa_4tyFCglnCwHJiaRDznUy645wpqEhg-dG3Sv0cbfGX1wNmqXPnHQroard1FW2nn3RdCnmux4VZ7bFRuMo.; SUHB=0ebt4qVvtKU1d7; _T_WM=22bb4d80315608a0e9bd3bf92b3c1dac; SUB=_2A250jA4VDeRhGeBN6FsT8i7MyTyIHXVXjpJdrDV6PUJbktBeLXjBkW1oTOqmqg0rff3UmekP4TzhMFYtsw..; SUBP=0033WrSXqPxfM725Ws9jqgMF55529P9D9WFNrBkhSeVrfPGckwnaFCcy5JpX5o2p5NHD95Qce0e4eoz7ehz7Ws4DqcjBIcHVdr.peoepeoefeK5Ee5tt; M_WEIBOCN_PARAMS=luicode%3D10000011%26lfid%3D100103type%253D1%2526q%253D%2540%25E4%25BA%25AC%25E4%25B8%259C%25E5%25AE%25A2%25E6%259C%258D%26featurecode%3D20000320%26fid%3D1076035650743478%26uicode%3D10000011','Host':'m.weibo.cn',
'Accept':'application/json, text/plain, */*','Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3','Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate, br','X-Requested-With':'XMLHttpRequest','Referer':'https://m.weibo.cn/u/5650743478?uid=5650743478&luicode=10000011&lfid=100103type%3D1%26q%3D%40%E4%BA%AC%E4%B8%9C%E5%AE%A2%E6%9C%8D&featurecode=20000320',}# 详情页list
detaiList = []
# 说说
textList = []
# 说说跟详情页
textAnddetailList = []
# 评论数，详情页返回的是每一页10个
commentsList = []numSizeList  = []detaiLinks = []
def getJsonData(url):req = requests.get(url, headers=headers)# print(req.text)return req.textjsonData = getJsonData(startUrl)def parseDetailListdata(listdata):for detailData in listdata:text = detailData['text'] if 'text' in detailData else ""reply_text = detailData['reply_text'] if 'reply_text' in detailData else ""f.write(text+'\r\n')print(text)print(reply_text)f.write(reply_text + '\r\n')# passdef parseJsonData(jsonData):global pagedetailjsondata = json.loads(jsonData, 'utf-8')print(jsondata)listdata = jsondata['cards']if 'cards' in jsondata else ""print(listdata)for datainfo in listdata:# print(datainfo)mblog = datainfo['mblog'] if 'mblog' in datainfo else ""# print(mblog)if len(mblog)> 0 :  # 有数据，继续执行descText = mblog['text']# print(descText)descText = getTextInfo(descText)dex = '发表的说说开始：\r\n'f.write(dex)dex2 = '发表的说说内容：'+descText+'\r\n'f.write(dex2)print("发表的说说开始：")print('发表的说说内容：'+descText)textList.append(descText)comments = mblog['comments_count']  # 评论数numSizeList.append(comments)# print(comments)# if comments > 1:  # 有评论，获取到评论链接上的数据#     detailLine = datainfo['scheme']#     print(detailLine)#     detaiList.append(detailLine)idstr = mblog['idstr']detaiLinks = getpageSize(comments,idstr)pagedetail = 1for detaillink in detaiLinks:jsonData2 = getJsonData(detaillink)str11 = '评论详情页条目：'+str(pagedetail)+'      .......\r\n'f.write(str11)print('评论详情页条目：'+str(pagedetail)+'      .......')print(jsonData2)pagedetail = pagedetail +1jsonDatadetail = json.loads(jsonData2, 'utf-8')listdata = jsonDatadetail['data'] if 'data' in jsonDatadetail else ''# print(listdata)parseDetailListdata(listdata)pagedetail = 1print('主页条目结束...')f.write('主页条目结束...\r\n')# detailJsonStr = 'https://m.weibo.cn/api/comments/show?id=' + str(idstr) + '&page=' + str(comments)# print(detailJsonStr)# commentsList.append(detailJsonStr)else:# 在里面的话，直接跳出方法returnprint('爬取结束......')def getTextInfo(textStr):# 得到文本内容# for textStr in textList:# print('***********')regx = '<span(.*?)</span>'strregx = re.compile(regx)strregx = re.findall(strregx, str(textStr))replacestr = str(textStr).replace('<span' + ''.join(strregx) + '</span>', '')str1 = '<span'sstr1 = str(textStr)[0:str(textStr).find(str1)]# print(sstr1)return sstr1# print(textStr)# print(replacestr)# 得到文本详情页链接
def getpageSize(comments,idstr):for i in range(1,int((comments / 10))+2):# 评论也的linkdetaiLink = 'https://m.weibo.cn/api/comments/show?id=' + str(idstr) + '&page=' +str(i)detaiLinks.append(detaiLink)# print(detaiLink)return detaiLinks# parseJsonData(jsonData)# print(str(textList))  page = 7
# print(str(detaiList))
f = open('微博京东说说跟评论.txt', 'a',encoding='utf-8')
def main_start():for inde in range(11,50):# startUrl = 'https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?uid=5650743478&luicode=10000011&lfid=100103type%3D1%26q%3D%E4%BA%AC%E4%B8%9C%E5%AE%A2%E6%9C%8D&featurecode=20000320&type=uid&value=5650743478&containerid=1005055650743478&page='+str(inde)startUrl = 'https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?uid=5650743478&luicode=10000011&lfid=100103type%3D1%26q%3D@%E4%BA%AC%E4%B8%9C%E5%AE%A2%E6%9C%8D&featurecode=20000320&type=uid&value=5650743478&containerid=1076035650743478&page={}'+str(inde)pageindex = '页数：'+str(inde)+'\r\n'print('startUrl   '+'index '+str(inde)+'     '+startUrl)f.write(pageindex)data = getJsonData(startUrl)parseJsonData(data)time.sleep(2)f.close()main_start()

现在暂时可以借用这份代码，里面的url跟cookie换一下，用自己的账号就可以。另外爬虫要学会用fiddler等类似的抓包工具，感觉确实是抓包利器。

公司996啊，加上自己的能力有限，确实现在学习也就到这深度了以后要多了解一下cookie池，代理池之类似的东西。

github地址：
https://github.com/643435675/PyStudy

end