Hive学习和配置Mysql

1.Hive简介

 起源自facebook由Jeff Hammerbacher领导的团队
 构建在Hadoop上的数据仓库框架
 设计目的是让SQL技能良好，但Java技能较弱的分析师可以查询海量数据
 2008年facebook把hive项目贡献给Apache

Hive的组件与体系架构

 用户接口：shell, thrift, web等
 Thrift服务器
 元数据库“Derby, Mysql等
 解析器
 Hadoop

Hive安装模式

 内嵌模式：元数据保持在内嵌的Derby模式，只允许一个会话连接(默认)
 本地独立模式：在本地安装Mysql，把元数据放到Mysql内
 远程模式：元数据放置在远程的Mysql数据库

2.配置Mysql

1:copy mysql-connector-java-5.1.6-bin.jar到$HIVE_HOME/lib

[jifeng@jifeng02 hadoop]$ ls
7287OS_Code              hadoop-1.2.1.tar.gz      hive-0.12.0-bin                     tmp
hadoop-1.2.1             hadoop-2.4.1-src.tar.gz  hive-0.12.0-bin.tar.gz
hadoop-1.2.1-bin.tar.gz  hadoop-2.4.1.tar.gz      mysql-connector-java-5.1.6-bin.jar
[jifeng@jifeng02 hadoop]$ cp mysql-connector-java-5.1.6-bin.jar hive-0.12.0-bin/lib

2:修改$HIVE_HOME/conf/hive-site.xml

<property><name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name><value>jdbc:mysql://jifengsql:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value><description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description>
</property><property><name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name><value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value><description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description>
</property><property><name>javax.jdo.PersistenceManagerFactoryClass</name><value>org.datanucleus.api.jdo.JDOPersistenceManagerFactory</value><description>class implementing the jdo persistence</description>
</property><property><name>javax.jdo.option.DetachAllOnCommit</name><value>true</value><description>detaches all objects from session so that they can be used after transaction is committed</
description>
</property><property><name>javax.jdo.option.NonTransactionalRead</name><value>true</value><description>reads outside of transactions</description>
</property><property><name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name><value>dss</value><description>username to use against metastore database</description>
</property><property><name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name><value>jifeng</value><description>password to use against metastore database</description>
</property>

3:启动hive

[jifeng@jifeng02 hive-0.12.0-bin]$ hiveLogging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/home/jifeng/hadoop/hive-0.12.0-bin/lib/hive-common-0.12.0.jar!/hive-log4j.properties
hive> show tables;
FAILED: Execution Error, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask. java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStoreClient
hive> quit;

报错，网上查询后说是没把 mysql的jar包mysql-connector-java-5.1.10-bin.jar，放在hive安装目录的lib下

把 mysql-connector-java-5.1.6-bin.jar 替换成mysql-connector-java-5.1.10-bin.jar还是不行。

检查 mysql发现连接不上，换个虚拟机上mysql

[dss@localhost ~]$ mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
--root 登陆mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 70
Server version: 5.6.16 MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> create database hive;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) --创建hive库mysql> GRANT all ON hive.* TO dss@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'abc123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)--给dss用户对hive库授权mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)--刷新系统权限表mysql> set globalbinlog_format='MIXED';
ERROR 1193 (HY000): Unknown system variable 'globalbinlog_format'
mysql> alter database hive character set latin1 ;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)--更新字符集

再次启动

[jifeng@jifeng02 hive-0.12.0-bin]$ hiveLogging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/home/jifeng/hadoop/hive-0.12.0-bin/lib/hive-common-0.12.0.jar!/hive-log4j.properties
hive> show tables;
OK
Time taken: 6.273 seconds
hive>

没有错误了。

4.Hive的运行模式即任务的执行环境

1启动hive 命令行模式：

1：直接输入#hive的执行程序，

2：或者输入 #hive --service cli

l 分为本地与集群两种

我们可以通过mapred.job.tracker 来指明

设置方式：

hive >

SET mapred.job.tracker=local

2.hive验证启动的方法

l 1、hive web界面的(端口号9999) 启动方式

#hive --service hwi

[jifeng@jifeng02 hive-0.12.0-bin]$ hive --service cliLogging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/home/jifeng/hadoop/hive-0.12.0-bin/lib/hive-common-0.12.0.jar!/hive-log4j.properties
hive> quit;
[jifeng@jifeng02 hive-0.12.0-bin]$ hive --service hwi
15/08/17 15:17:10 INFO hwi.HWIServer: HWI is starting up
15/08/17 15:17:10 INFO mortbay.log: Logging to org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerAdapter(org.mortbay.log) via org.mortbay.log.Slf4jLog
15/08/17 15:17:10 INFO mortbay.log: jetty-6.1.26
15/08/17 15:17:10 INFO mortbay.log: Extract /home/jifeng/hadoop/hive-0.12.0-bin/lib/hive-hwi-0.12.0.war to /tmp/Jetty_0_0_0_0_9999_hive.hwi.0.12.0.war__hwi__ow27i/webapp
15/08/17 15:17:11 INFO mortbay.log: Started SocketConnector@0.0.0.0:9999

用于通过浏览器来访问hive

http://jifeng02:9999/hwi/

l 2、hive 远程服务(端口号10000) 启动方式

#hive --service hiveserver