def dumps(obj, skipkeys=False, ensure_ascii=True, check_circular=True,allow_nan=True, cls=None, indent=None, separators=None,default=None, sort_keys=False, **kw):# Serialize ``obj`` to a JSON formatted ``str``.# 序列号 “obj” 数据类型 转换为 JSON格式的字符串 

def dump(obj, fp, skipkeys=False, ensure_ascii=True, check_circular=True,allow_nan=True, cls=None, indent=None, separators=None,default=None, sort_keys=False, **kw):"""Serialize ``obj`` as a JSON formatted stream to ``fp`` (a``.write()``-supporting file-like object).我理解为两个动作，一个动作是将”obj“转换为JSON格式的字符串，还有一个动作是将字符串写入到文件中，也就是说文件描述符fp是必须要的参数 """

>>> import json
>>> json.dumps([])    # dumps可以格式化所有的基本数据类型为字符串
'[]'
>>> json.dumps(1)    # 数字
'1'
>>> json.dumps('1')   # 字符串
'"1"'
>>> dict = {"name":"Tom", "age":23}
>>> json.dumps(dict)     # 字典
'{"name": "Tom", "age": 23}'

a = {"name":"Tom", "age":23}
with open("test.json", "w", encoding='utf-8') as f:# indent 超级好用，格式化保存字典，默认为None，小于0为零个空格f.write(json.dumps(a, indent=4))# json.dump(a,f,indent=4)   # 和上面的效果一样

def loads(s, encoding=None, cls=None, object_hook=None, parse_float=None, parse_int=None, parse_constant=None, object_pairs_hook=None, **kw):"""Deserialize ``s`` (a ``str`` instance containing a JSON document) to a Python object.将包含str类型的JSON文档反序列化为一个python对象"""

def load(fp, cls=None, object_hook=None, parse_float=None, parse_int=None, parse_constant=None, object_pairs_hook=None, **kw):"""Deserialize ``fp`` (a ``.read()``-supporting file-like object containing a JSON document) to a Python object.将一个包含JSON格式数据的可读文件饭序列化为一个python对象"""

>>> json.loads('{"name":"Tom", "age":23}')
{'age': 23, 'name': 'Tom'}

import json
with open("test.json", "r", encoding='utf-8') as f:aa = json.loads(f.read())f.seek(0)bb = json.load(f)    # 与 json.loads(f.read())
print(aa)
print(bb)# 输出：
{'name': 'Tom', 'age': 23}
{'name': 'Tom', 'age': 23}

    +-------------------+---------------+| Python            | JSON          |+===================+===============+| dict              | object        |+-------------------+---------------+| list, tuple       | array         |+-------------------+---------------+| str               | string        |+-------------------+---------------+| int, float        | number        |+-------------------+---------------+| True              | true          |+-------------------+---------------+| False             | false         |+-------------------+---------------+| None              | null          |+-------------------+---------------+