通才与专家

You have a choice. You can be a specialist, or a generalist.

您可以选择。 您可以是专家，也可以是通才。

Let’s use the Pareto Principle to explain it.

让我们用帕累托原理来解释它。

Specialist means your skills are 80% ONE THING, one field. You dedicate 80% of your time to that, and you have no interest in expanding your knowledge outside of it.

专家意味着您的技能是一件事情一个领域的80％。 您将80％的时间用于此目的，而您对将知识扩展到外部则没有兴趣。

You ignore 99% of the rest of the things to be great at that specific 1% you want.

您忽略了其余99％的其他事情，而只希望达到特定的1％。

Generalist means you have your hands into 4 different broad topics, and you dedicate 25% of your energy to each of them.

通才意味着您可以专心研究4个不同的主题，并且将25％的精力奉献给每个主题。

Or maybe your skills are 50% in one field, and you have 2 other fields where you put the other 50% of your time.

也许您的技能是在一个领域中占50％，而您在其他两个领域中却又占了50％的时间。

You’re a specialist if you’re a developer focusing on React and you just do that. You even call yourself “React developer”.

如果您是专注于React的开发人员，那么您就是专家。 您甚至称自己为“ React开发人员”。

You’re a generalist if you know and use React, but also know Vue, you can design a page in Figma and translate that design into a React component with CSS. Plus, you also know how to deploy an application to Heroku.

您是通才，如果您知道并使用React，也知道Vue，则可以在Figma中设计一个页面，然后使用CSS将其转换为React组件。 另外，您还知道如何将应用程序部署到Heroku。

Which is better?

哪个更好？

I don’t know.

我不知道。

Some companies only hire specialists. If you’re Google, it makes little sense to hire a generalist, I think. They have entire teams doing that very specific thing.

一些公司只雇用专家。 我认为，如果您是Google，那么聘请通才几乎没有意义。 他们有整个团队都在做非常具体的事情。

An early-stage startup might hire a few generalists instead, because they are more flexible and ready to change their focus at need.

一家早期阶段的初创公司可能会雇用一些通才，因为他们更灵活，随时可以改变他们的需求重点。

I am a generalist. I am a Computer Engineer that can write in a few different programming languages, I have an eye for design, I can do some design, copywriting and marketing, I know how to use a Linux server, I can create mobile apps, Web apps, I work with embedded devices.

我是一名通才。 我是一位计算机工程师，可以使用几种不同的编程语言进行编写，我对设计有所了解，可以进行一些设计，文案写作和市场营销，我知道如何使用Linux服务器，可以创建移动应用，网络应用，我使用嵌入式设备。

And I do all those things pretty poorly, if you compare the result of each individual thing I might do with the outcome of a specialist.

如果您将我可能做的每件事的结果与专家的结果进行比较，我所做的所有事情都做得很差。

But as a generalist I have an advantage over a specialist: I will never say “this is not something I do”.

但是，作为一名通才，我比专家有优势：我永远不会说“这不是我要做的”。

翻译自: https://flaviocopes.com/generalist/

通才与专家