查看当前字符集

引用

SQL> select * from nls_database_parameters where parameter like '%SET%';

PARAMETER                      VALUE

------------------------------ ----------------------------------------

NLS_CHARACTERSET               WE8ISO8859P1

NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET         AL16UTF16

引用

SQL> select userenv('language') from dual;

USERENV('LANGUAGE')

----------------------------------------------------

AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8ISO8859P1

尝试直接修改字符集

引用

SQL> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;

ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set

采用Oracle内部命令修改字符集(

注意：此流程仅用于测试，在Oracle 10g中建议用CSALTER修改！

)

引用

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  167772160 bytes

Fixed Size                  1218316 bytes

Variable Size              62916852 bytes

Database Buffers          100663296 bytes

Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;

System altered.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;

System altered.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;

System altered.

SQL>  ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

Database altered.

SQL>ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE zhs16gbk;

Database altered.

修改时alert日志显示：

引用

Completed:  ALTER DATABASE OPEN

Tue May 18 10:56:43 2010

ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE zhs16gbk

Tue May 18 10:56:47 2010

Updating character set in controlfile to ZHS16GBK

Synchronizing connection with database character set information

Refreshing type attributes with new character set information

Completed: ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE zhs16gbk

查看修改后结果：

引用

SQL> select * from nls_database_parameters where parameter like '%SET%';

PARAMETER

------------------------------

VALUE

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

NLS_CHARACTERSET

ZHS16GBK

NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET

AL16UTF16

引用

SQL> select userenv('language') from dual;

USERENV('LANGUAGE')

----------------------------------------------------

AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK