linux+iscsi 安装oracle10g rac

安装环境：
3台 redhat5 （2台用来装rac，一台用来做共享存储）
oracle10G

虚拟机安装和基本配置就不赘述了

直接开始clusterware的具体配置：

编辑/etc/hosts文件
[root@node11 ~]# vi /etc/hosts
增加如下内容：
192.168.168.228 node11
192.168.168.229 node12
192.168.168.230 disks

192.168.168.201 node11-vip
192.168.168.202 node12-vip

10.10.17.221 node11-priv
10.10.17.222 node12-priv

提示：192.168.168.201,202为指定的虚IP，供CRS使用，不需要我们配置。
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 这一行里一定不能出现主机名，否则对等配置会出错

创建组oinstall,dba,用户oracle
[root@node11 ~]# groupadd oinstall
[root@node11 ~]# groupadd dba
[root@node11 ~]# useradd -d /home/oracle -g oinstall -G dba oracle

设置oracle用户密码
[root@node11 ~]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

提示：
[root@node11 ~]# id oracle
uid=500(oracle) gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba)
如果是非虚机安装，要注意记录下用户和组ID，在其它机器上创建同名组时，务必确认组ID和用户ID与此相同。

修改oracle用户的初始化参数文件
[root@node11 ~]# cat /home/oracle/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/ora10g
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=RACDB1
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin/
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
umask 022

配置内核参数
[root@node11 ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
增加或修改下列内容
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 1048576
net.core.rmem_max = 1048576
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144

[root@node11 ~]# sysctl -p
让设置生效

提高 Oracle 用户的 shell 限制
设置oracle使用的文件数权限
[root@node11 ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
增加下列内容
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536

修改安全限制
[root@node11 ~]# vi /etc/pam.d/login
增加：
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

配置Hangcheck计时器
[root@node11 ~]# vi /etc/rc.local
增加：
modprobe hangcheck-timer hangcheck-tick=30 hangcheck_margin=180

安装 oracleasmlib 程序包
注意一定要与操作系统版本相符。
[root@node11 soft]# rpm -ivh oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el5.i386.rpm
warning: oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:oracleasm-support      ########################################### [100%]
[root@node11 soft]# rpm -ivh oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.i686.rpm
warning: oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.i686.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el########################################### [100%]
[root@node11 soft]# rpm -ivh oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.i386.rpm
warning: oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:oracleasmlib           ########################################### [100%]

配置第2台节点-node12

关闭节点1，通过vmware复制一个新节点出来，操作非常简单，直接将node11目录复制一份到node12，然后直接用虚拟机打开，修改显示名称即可
修改主机名和ip。
提示：此时两机使用4个IP或4个别名互ping应该都是通的了，如果不通，建议按照上述的操作步骤，检查一下网络的配置。
修改oracle用户下的环境变量等
[root@node12 network-scripts]# vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile
将ORACLE_SID=RACDB1改为ORACLE_SID=RACDB2

统统设置完成后，建议重启一下第2个节点。

配置共享存储，安装包：（在第三台机器上操作，此处主机名为disks）
[root@disks ~]# yum -y install scsi-target-utils #为了支持iscsi协议，从而使用ipsan

配置
[root@disks ~]# vim /etc/tgt/targets.conf
<target iqn.2013-7-3.StorageA:targetA>
     backing-store /dev/sdb1
     vendor_id sdb1
     product_id sdb1
</target>
<target iqn.2013-7-3.StorageB:targetB>
     backing-store /dev/sdc1
     vendor_id sdc1
     product_id sdc1
</target>
<target iqn.2013-7-3.StorageC:targetC>
     backing-store /dev/sdd1
     vendor_id sdd1
     product_id sdd1
</target>
<target iqn.2013-7-3.StorageD:targetD>
     backing-store /dev/sde1
     vendor_id sde1
     product_id sde1
</target>
<target iqn.2013-7-3.StorageE:targetE>
     backing-store /dev/sdf1
     vendor_id sdf1
     product_id sdf1
</target>

[root@disks ~]#service tgtd restart
[root@disks ~]# tgt-admin --show
[root@disks ~]# tgt-admin --update ALL
[root@disks ~]# tgt-admin --show
[root@disks ~]# chkconfig tgtd on ##注意开机启动

配置集群环境:
要建立用户等效性，需要在两个节点上以 oracle 用户身份生成用户的公钥和私钥，首先在node11执行：
[root@node11 ~]# ping 10.10.17.222
[root@node11 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@node11 ~]$ mkdir ~/.ssh
[oracle@node11 ~]$ chmod 700 ~/.ssh
[oracle@node11 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
ec:23:d7:4b:a2:26:59:63:d5:ce:1c:19:d6:c5:5e:a2 oracle@node11
[oracle@node11 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t dsa
Generating public/private dsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
3b:cc:85:b2:c5:7f:f9:16:d3:e2:be:f0:d4:35:36:cc oracle@node11

然后在node12上执行
[root@node12 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@node12 ~]$ mkdir ~/.ssh
[oracle@node12 ~]$ chmod 700 ~/.ssh
[oracle@node12 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
a9:a0:1a:98:84:c9:d7:05:ed:90:62:f6:49:fe:61:65 oracle@node12
[oracle@node12 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t dsa
Generating public/private dsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/oracle/.ssh/id_dsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
75:f5:fa:19:01:d1:ea:ad:a7:75:28:22:84:b6:37:4f oracle@node12

切换回node11，接着执行：

提示：下列命令会提示你输入node12的oracle密码，按照提示输入即可，如果失败可重新尝试执行命令。
[oracle@node11 ~]$ ssh node12 cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
The authenticity of host 'node12 (192.168.100.102)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 92:d1:ce:5b:c8:a1:52:d5:ac:00:5f:48:5d:12:06:e4.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'node12,192.168.100.102' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
oracle@node12's password:
[oracle@node11 ~]$ ssh node12 cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
oracle@node12's password:
[oracle@node11 ~]$ scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys node12:~/.ssh/authorized_keys
oracle@node12's password:
authorized_keys 100% 1992 2.0KB/s 00:00

两机相互执行，看看是否还需要输入密码
[oracle@node11 ~]$ ssh node11 date
[oracle@node11 ~]$ ssh node12 date
[oracle@node11 ~]$ ssh node11-priv date
[oracle@node11 ~]$ ssh node12-priv date

配置asm
注意：必须以root身份进行

首先在node11执行：
[root@node11 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm configure
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.

This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values
will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting <ENTER> without typing an
answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.

Default user to own the driver interface []: oracle
Default group to own the driver interface []: dba
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: y
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]: y
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done
Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver: [ OK ]
Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks: [ OK ]

然后切换至node2执行
[root@node12 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm configure
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.

以下操作分别在两个节点上执行
yum -y install iscsi-initiator-utils* ##安装iscsi-initiator用来使用共享存储
[root@node11 ~]# service iscsid start
[root@node12 ~]# service iscsid start

root@node11 ~]# chkconfig iscsid on
[root@node11 ~]# chkconfig iscsi on

root@node12 ~]# chkconfig iscsid on
[root@node12 ~]# chkconfig iscsi on

发现共享存储------cd /var/lib/iscsi/send_targets/ ##详细信息记录在此目录下
iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 192.168.168.230
192.168.168.230:3260,1 iqn.2013-7-3.StorageA:targetA
192.168.168.230:3260,1 iqn.2013-7-3.StorageE:targetE
192.168.168.230:3260,1 iqn.2013-7-3.StorageB:targetB
192.168.168.230:3260,1 iqn.2013-7-3.StorageC:targetC
192.168.168.230:3260,1 iqn.2013-7-3.StorageD:targetD

登录共享存储---cd /var/lib/iscsi/nodes/ ####详细信息记录在此目录下
iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2013-7-3.StorageA:targetA -l Logging in to [iface: default, target: iqn.2013-7-3.StorageA:targetA, portal: 192.168.168.230,3260]
iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2013-7-3.StorageB:targetB -l Logging in to [iface: default, target: iqn.2013-7-3.StorageB:targetB, portal: 192.168.168.230,3260]
iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2013-7-3.StorageC:targetC -l Logging in to [iface: default, target: iqn.2013-7-3.StorageC:targetC, portal: 192.168.168.230,3260]
iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2013-7-3.StorageD:targetD -l Logging in to [iface: default, target: iqn.2013-7-3.StorageD:targetD, portal: 192.168.168.230,3260]
iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2013-7-3.StorageE:targetE -l Logging in to [iface: default, target: iqn.2013-7-3.StorageE:targetE, portal: 192.168.168.230,3260]

磁盘分区
例如:
[root@node1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-102, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-102, default 102):
Using default value 102

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

需要你输入的依次是"n/p/1/回车/回车/w"。
就本例而言，需要我们进行分区的有5个：sdb,sdc,sdd,sde,sdf,

[root@node12 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id System
/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83 Linux
/dev/sda2              14        1576    12554797+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda3            1577        1958     3068415   82 Linux swap / Solaris

Disk /dev/sdb: 536 MB, 536854528 bytes
17 heads, 61 sectors/track, 1011 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1037 * 512 = 530944 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 31 1011 508648+ 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdc: 536 MB, 536854528 bytes
17 heads, 61 sectors/track, 1011 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1037 * 512 = 530944 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 32 1011 508130 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdd: 3216 MB, 3216052224 bytes
99 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1023 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 6138 * 512 = 3142656 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdd1 33 1023 3041379 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sde: 3216 MB, 3216052224 bytes
99 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1023 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 6138 * 512 = 3142656 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sde1 34 1023 3038310 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdf: 536 MB, 536854528 bytes
17 heads, 61 sectors/track, 1011 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1037 * 512 = 530944 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdf1 35 1011 506574+ 83 Linux

分别在两个节点操作：
配置裸设备
由于RHEL5中取消了rawdevices，如果不想将映射命令放到rc.local中的话，我们就需要将其配置到/etc/udev/rules.d/文件夹中
修改文件

vim /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules
ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="block",SYSFS{model}=="sdb1",SYSFS{vendor}=="sdb1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="block",SYSFS{model}=="sdc1",SYSFS{vendor}=="sdc1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"
ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="block",SYSFS{model}=="sdd1",SYSFS{vendor}=="sdd1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"
ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="block",SYSFS{model}=="sde1",SYSFS{vendor}=="sde1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"
ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="block",SYSFS{model}=="sdf1",SYSFS{vendor}=="sdf1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"
KERNEL=="raw[1]", MODE="0664", GROUP="oinstall",OWNER="oracle"
KERNEL=="raw[2]", MODE="0664", GROUP="oinstall",OWNER="oracle"
KERNEL=="raw[3]", MODE="0664", GROUP="oinstall",OWNER="oracle"
KERNEL=="raw[4]", MODE="0664", GROUP="oinstall",OWNER="oracle"
KERNEL=="raw[5]", MODE="0664", GROUP="oinstall",OWNER="oracle"

绑定裸设备，以免机器重启后，盘符变更
vi /etc/udev/rules.d/80-iscsi.rules
SUBSYSTEM=="block",SYSFS{size}=="508648",SYSFS{vendor}=="sdb1",SYSFS{model}=="sdb1",SYMLINK="iscsi/targetA"
SUBSYSTEM=="block",SYSFS{size}=="508130",SYSFS{vendor}=="sdc1",SYSFS{model}=="sdc1",SYMLINK="iscsi/targetB"
SUBSYSTEM=="block",SYSFS{size}=="3041379",SYSFS{vendor}=="sdd1",SYSFS{model}=="sdd1",SYMLINK="iscsi/targetC"
SUBSYSTEM=="block",SYSFS{size}=="3038310",SYSFS{vendor}=="sde1",SYSFS{model}=="sde1",SYMLINK="iscsi/targetD"
SUBSYSTEM=="block",SYSFS{size}=="506574",SYSFS{vendor}=="sdf1",SYSFS{model}=="sdf1",SYMLINK="iscsi/targetE"

重启下服务：
[root@node11 ~]# start_udev
验证一下
[root@node11 ~]# ls /dev/raw/ -l
total 0
crw-rw-r-- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 1 Jul 10 09:31 raw1
crw-rw-r-- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 2 Jul 10 09:32 raw2
crw-rw-r-- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 3 Jul 10 09:32 raw3
crw-rw-r-- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 4 Jul 10 09:32 raw4
crw-rw-r-- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 5 Jul 10 09:32 raw5
[root@node12 ~]# ls /dev/raw/ -l
total 0
crw-rw-r-- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 1 Jul 10 09:36 raw1
crw-rw-r-- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 2 Jul 10 09:36 raw2
crw-rw-r-- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 3 Jul 10 09:36 raw3
crw-rw-r-- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 4 Jul 10 09:36 raw4
crw-rw-r-- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 5 Jul 10 09:36 raw5

在node11创建磁盘组
[root@node11 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL1 /dev/sdd1
Marking disk "VOL1" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]
[root@node11 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL2 /dev/sde1
Marking disk "VOL2" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]
[root@node11 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisks
VOL1
VOL2

Node2上也查看一下当前磁盘组：
[root@node12 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm scandisks
Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks: [ OK ]
[root@node12 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisks
VOL1
VOL2

Ok,配置完成，准备进入到crs的安装阶段

以上内容部分参照三思笔记，后面还是看三思的吧，灰常详细，我就不班门弄斧了。

http://www.itpub.net/thread-1009235-1-1.html

另外需要注意的是：

三思的笔记这个有点错误，按照下面的执行

如果你碰到了这个错误：
Error 0(Native: listNetInterfaces:[3])
[Error 0(Native: listNetInterfaces:[3])]

解决方式如下：
===============================
[root@node2 bin]# ./oifcfg iflist
eth1  10.10.17.0
virbr0  192.168.122.0
eth0  192.168.100.0
[root@node12 bin]# ./oifcfg setif -global eth0/192.168.100.0:public

[root@node12 bin]# ./oifcfg setif -global eth1/10.10.17.0:cluster_interconnect
[root@node12 bin]# ./oifcfg getif
eth0 192.168.100.0 global public
eth1 10.10.17.0 global cluster_interconnect

原文是10.10.10.0 ，其实应该是10.10.17.0

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