操作环境：[root@linuxidc ~]# uname -aLinux linuxidc 2.6.32-358.18.1.el6.x86_64#1 SMP Wed Aug 28 17:19:38 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux现状分析：系统有两个硬盘，第一个硬盘107G,“/”分区空间当时分区时只给了7.7G过小，空间马上占完。现在系统有第二个硬盘sdb大小为16GB，希望把sdb的所有空间加入到“/”分区中，是其空间容量从7.7GB变成7.7GB+16GB(约2.4GB)。(当然如果这里只有一个硬盘sda,有很多空间尚未使用可以进行同样的操作)操作步骤如下：第一步、查看本机现有分区情况[root@linuxidc ~]# df -h文件系统容量已用可用已用%% 挂载点/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root                    7.7G  7.1G 155M  98% /tmpfs                3.9G  296K 3.9G  1% /dev/shm/dev/sda1            485M  64M 396M  14% /boot/dev/sda3              83G  350M  79G  1% /media第二步、查看本机的磁盘情况[root@linuxidc ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytesDisk identifier: 0x000dc0ad

Device Boot      Start        End      Blocks  Id  System/dev/sda1  *          1          64      512000  83  LinuxPartition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary./dev/sda2              64        2089  16264192  8e  Linux LVM/dev/sda3            2090      13054  88076362+  83  Linux

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 8325 MB,8325693440 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1012 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 8325 MB,8325693440 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1012 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000注意：此时还没有在EXSI5.0中添加第二块硬盘[root@linuxidc ~]#第三步、添加第二块硬盘

查看此时系统磁盘情况root@linuxidc ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytesDisk identifier: 0x000dc0ad

Device Boot      Start        End      Blocks  Id  System/dev/sda1  *          1          64      512000  83  LinuxPartition 1 does not end on cylinderboundary./dev/sda2              64        2089  16264192  8e  Linux LVM/dev/sda3            2090      13054  88076362+  83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 17.2 GB, 17179869184 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2088 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 8325 MB,8325693440 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1012 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 8325 MB,8325693440 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1012 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytesDisk identifier: 0x00000000

可以看到我们新添加的硬盘sdb

[root@linuxidc ~]#第四步、对第二块硬盘sdb进行分区

[root@linuxidc ~]# fdisk /dev/sdbDevice contains neither a valid DOSpartition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabelBuilding a new DOS disklabel with diskidentifier 0xfa4abbdc.Changes will remain in memory only, untilyou decide to write them.After that, of course, the previous contentwon't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partitiontable 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated.It's strongly recommended to      switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to      sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): mCommand action a  toggle a bootable flag b  edit bsd disklabel c  toggle the dos compatibilityflag d  delete a partition l  list known partition types m  print this menu n  add a new partition o  create a new empty DOSpartition table p  print the partition table q  quit without saving changes s  create a new empty Sundisklabel t  change a partition's system id u  change display/entry units v  verify the partition table w  write table to disk and exit x  extra functionality (expertsonly)

Command (m for help): nCommand action e  extended p  primary partition (1-4)p  Partition number (1-4): 4First cylinder (1-2088, default 1): Using default value 1Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G}(1-2088, default 2088): Using default value 2088

Command (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.Syncing disks.

说明：上面操作对sdb硬盘进行了分区操作，设为sdb4分区了(当然上面建立的主分区可以为1-4中的任意一个，我这里选择的4)。

第五步、对新建立的sdb4分区进行格式

[root@linuxidc ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb4mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)文件系统标签=操作系统:Linux块大小=4096 (log=2)分块大小=4096 (log=2)Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks1048576 inodes, 4192957 blocks209647 blocks (5.00%) reserved for thesuper user第一个数据块=0Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296128 block groups32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments pergroup8192 inodes per groupSuperblock backups stored on blocks:       32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,       4096000

正在写入inode表: 完成Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成Writing superblocks and filesystemaccounting information: done完成

This filesystem will be automaticallychecked every 20 mounts or180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

说明：将sdb4分区格式化为ext4格式，因为CentOS安装是系统的格式ext4，所以这里要注意一下。

第六步、格式后的sdb4分区添加为物理卷[root@linuxidc ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb4Physical volume "/dev/sdb4" successfully created

第七步、查看当前系统的物理卷(PV)情况

[root@linuxidc ~]# pvdisplay---Physical volume ---PVName /dev/sda2VGName VolGroupPVSize 15.51 GiB / not usable3.00 MiBAllocatable yes (butfull)PESize 4.00 MiBTotal PE 3970Free PE 0Allocated PE 3970PVUUID Up77sG-sNKf-Ja0k-crBf-N0wz-a5hy-T6sVFh

"/dev/sdb4" is a new physical volume of "15.99 GiB"---NEW Physical volume ---PVName /dev/sdb4VGName PVSize 15.99 GiBAllocatable NOPESize 0 Total PE 0Free PE 0Allocated PE 0PVUUID Gqnw7N-HooX-S2Nz-1NIZ-YpOe-g0jo-grG1rQ 说明：可以看到添加的新物理卷sdb4，大小都符合我们添加时的设置

第八步、查看当前卷组情况[root@linuxidc ~]# vgdisplay---Volume group ---VGName VolGroupSystem ID Format lvm2Metadata Areas 1Metadata Sequence No 3VGAccess read/writeVGStatus resizableMAXLV 0CurLV 2Open LV 2MaxPV 0CurPV 1ActPV 1VGSize 15.51 GiBPESize 4.00 MiBTotal PE 3970Alloc PE / Size 3970 / 15.51GiBFree PE / Size 0 / 0 VGUUID PPrifh-glzl-nnxX-YkBm-xJ1s-rgnw-d1WsJd

第九步、将分区sdb4转换为扩展分区

[root@linuxidc ~]# vgextend VolGroup/dev/sdb4Volume group "VolGroup" successfully extended

第十步、查看当前的逻辑卷

[root@linuxidc ~]# lvdisplay---Logical volume ---LVPath /dev/VolGroup/lv_rootLVName lv_rootVGName VolGroupLVUUID dCIsej-0NWX-bVFe-bT6L-c4eY-oy4G-9lNBOCLVWrite Access read/writeLVCreation host, time , LVStatus available#open 1LVSize 7.75 GiBCurrent LE 1985Segments 1Allocation inheritRead ahead sectors auto-currently set to 256Block device 253:0

---Logical volume ---LVPath /dev/VolGroup/lv_swapLVName lv_swapVGName VolGroupLVUUID K5bxJo-2SmM-6NCU-mBJP-Qzp1-ZODH-nbLK0kLVWrite Access read/writeLVCreation host, time , LVStatus available#open 1LVSize 7.75 GiBCurrent LE 1985Segments 1Allocation inheritRead ahead sectors auto-currently set to 256Block device 253:1

说明：这里可以看到“/”根分区的路径名称为：/dev/VolGroup/lv_root

第十一步、查看扩展后的卷组情况[root@linuxidc ~]# vgdisplay---Volume group ---VGName VolGroupSystem ID Format lvm2Metadata Areas 2Metadata Sequence No 4VGAccess read/writeVGStatus resizableMAXLV 0CurLV 2Open LV 2MaxPV 0CurPV 2ActPV 2VGSize 31.50 GiBPESize 4.00 MiBTotal PE 8064Alloc PE / Size 3970 / 15.51GiBFree PE / Size 4094 / 15.99 GiBVGUUID PPrifh-glzl-nnxX-YkBm-xJ1s-rgnw-d1WsJd说明：扩展后的卷子情况，可以看出大小增加了16GB(与第八步中的对比)

第十二步、将新增的逻辑卷全部扩展到“/”分区中

[root@linuxidc ~]# lvextend -L +15.99G/dev/VolGroup/lv_root Rounding size to boundary between physical extents: 15.99 GiBExtending logical volume lv_root to 23.75 GiBLogical volume lv_root successfully resized

说明：这里sdb4总共有16G，所以把16BG全部添加给根分区。

第十三步、查看“/”根分区格式，并重新刷新根分区的大小[root@linuxidc ~]# e2fsck -f/dev/VolGroup/lv_root e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)/dev/VolGroup/lv_root is mounted.e2fsck: 无法继续, 中止.

[root@linuxidc ~]# resize2fs /dev/VolGroup/lv_root resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)Filesystem at /dev/VolGroup/lv_root ismounted on /; on-line resizing requiredold desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 2Performing an on-line resize of/dev/VolGroup/lv_root to 6224896 (4k) blocks.The filesystem on /dev/VolGroup/lv_root isnow 6224896 blocks long.说明：命令resize2fs即刷新根分区“/dev/VolGroup/lv_root”的容量。

第十三步、查看刷新后根分区的大小

[root@linuxidc ~]# df -h文件系统容量已用可用已用%% 挂载点/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root24G 7.1G 16G 32% /tmpfs 3.9G 144K 3.9G 1% /dev/shm/dev/sda3 83G 350M 79G 1% /media/Lucene

说明：可以看到根分区的大小有7.7G变成了24G，重启一下系统再来看情况。此时就可以继续安装软件了，不会提示空间不足了。