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Linux教程CentOS根分区扩容方法，操作环境介绍：

[root@linuxidc ~]# uname -a

Linux linuxidc 2.6.32-358.18.1.el6.x86_64#1 SMP Wed Aug 28 17:19:38 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

现有情况分析：

系统有两个硬盘，第一个硬盘107G,“/”分区空间当时分区时只给了7.7G过小，空间马上占完。现在系统有第二个硬盘sdb大小为16GB，希望把sdb的所有空间加入到“/”分区中，是其空间容量从7.7GB变成7.7GB+16GB(约2.4GB)。

Linux教程CentOS根分区扩容方法，操作步骤如下：

第一步、查看本机现有分区情况

[root@linuxidc ~]# df -h

文件系统容量已用可用已用%% 挂载点

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root

7.7G  7.1G 155M  98% /

tmpfs                3.9G  296K 3.9G  1% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1            485M  64M 396M  14% /boot

/dev/sda3              83G  350M  79G  1% /media

第二步、查看本机的磁盘情况

[root@linuxidc ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes

Disk identifier: 0x000dc0ad

Device Boot      Start        End      Blocks  Id  System

/dev/sda1  *          1          64      512000  83  Linux

Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda2              64        2089  16264192  8e  Linux LVM

/dev/sda3            2090      13054  88076362+  83  Linux

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 8325 MB,8325693440 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1012 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 8325 MB,8325693440 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1012 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

注意：此时还没有在EXSI5.0中添加第二块硬盘

[root@linuxidc ~]#

第三步、添加第二块硬盘。查看此时系统磁盘情况：root@linuxidc ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes

Disk identifier: 0x000dc0ad

Device Boot      Start        End      Blocks  Id  System

/dev/sda1  *          1          64      512000  83  Linux

Partition 1 does not end on cylinderboundary.

/dev/sda2              64        2089  16264192  8e  Linux LVM

/dev/sda3            2090      13054  88076362+  83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 17.2 GB, 17179869184 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2088 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 8325 MB,8325693440 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1012 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 8325 MB,8325693440 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1012 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

可以看到我们新添加的硬盘sdb

[root@linuxidc ~]#

第四步、对第二块硬盘sdb进行分区

[root@linuxidc ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Device contains neither a valid DOSpartition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel with diskidentifier 0xfa4abbdc.

Changes will remain in memory only, untilyou decide to write them.

After that, of course, the previous contentwon't be recoverable

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partitiontable 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated.It's strongly recommended to

switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): m

Command action

a  toggle a bootable flag

b  edit bsd disklabel

c  toggle the dos compatibilityflag

d  delete a partition

l  list known partition types

m  print this menu

n  add a new partition

o  create a new empty DOSpartition table

p  print the partition table

q  quit without saving changes

s  create a new empty Sundisklabel

t  change a partition's system id

u  change display/entry units

v  verify the partition table

w  write table to disk and exit

x  extra functionality (expertsonly)

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e  extended

p  primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 4

First cylinder (1-2088, default 1):

Using default value 1

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G}(1-2088, default 2088):

Using default value 2088

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

Linux教程CentOS根分区扩容方法，上面操作对sdb硬盘进行了分区操作，设为sdb4分区了(当然上面建立的主分区可以为1-4中的任意一个，我这里选择的4)。

Linux教程CentOS根分区扩容方法，对新建立的sdb4分区进行格式

[root@linuxidc ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb4

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

文件系统标签=

操作系统:Linux

块大小=4096 (log=2)

分块大小=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

1048576 inodes, 4192957 blocks

209647 blocks (5.00%) reserved for thesuper user

第一个数据块=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296

128 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments pergroup

8192 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,

4096000

正在写入inode表: 完成

Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成

Writing superblocks and filesystemaccounting information: done完This filesystem will be automaticallychecked every 20 mounts or180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.将sdb4分区格式化为ext4格式，因为安装是系统的格式ext4，所以这里要注意一下。

第六步、格式后的sdb4分区添加为物理卷

[root@linuxidc ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb4

Physical volume "/dev/sdb4" successfully created

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