Timesten Classic 18.1 建立缓存组

本实验假设你已经完成了TimesTen软件的安装，并建立了与Oracle数据库的联通性。如果没有，请参照TimesTen 18.1.2.1 Classic模式安装与配置过程。

本文档于2020/12/21日修正过，安装TimesTen Release 18.1.4.1.0 (64 bit Linux/x86_64)。

本例Oracle数据库版本为12.2.0.1，数据库使用pdb，名为orclpdb。

设置用户

Oracle的Schema用户

如果想使用HR Schema，安装方法参见如何安装Oracle数据库自带的HR Sample Schema或如何使用github安装Oracle 数据库12c Sample Schema （示例Schema）

本例使用oratt作为schema用户，注意是在PDB中建立：

$ sqlplus sys@orclpdb as sysdba
CREATE USER oratt IDENTIFIED BY oracle;
GRANT CREATE SESSION, RESOURCE TO oratt;
alter user oratt quota unlimited on users;

TimesTen端的Schema用户

用户名必须与Oracle端对应，本例为hr。如未建立，请以实例管理员执行以下命令。

$ ttisql ttdb
create user oratt identified by timesten;
grant create session, create table to oratt;

TimesTen端的Cache管理员

以实例管理员执行以下命令：

CREATE USER cacheadm IDENTIFIED BY timesten;
GRANT CREATE SESSION, CACHE_MANAGER, CREATE ANY TABLE, DROP ANY TABLE TO, ALTER ANY TABLE, DELETE ANY TABLE to cacheadm;

验证登录：

ttisql "uid=cacheadm;pwd=timesten;dsn=ttdb"

Oracle的Cache管理员

此管理员用户名为cacheadm, 口令为oracle。

登录数据库，注意先切换到指定目录，因为此目录下有需执行的SQL脚本：

cd $TIMESTEN_HOME/install/oraclescripts
sqlplus sys@orclpdb as sysdba

执行以下SQL：

alter session set container=orclpdb;
CREATE TABLESPACE cachetblsp DATAFILE 'cachetblsp.dbf' SIZE 100M;CREATE USER cacheadm IDENTIFIED BY oracle DEFAULT TABLESPACE cachetblsp QUOTA UNLIMITED ON cachetblsp;@grantCacheAdminPrivileges "cacheadm"

输出如下：

SQL> @grantCacheAdminPrivileges "cacheadm"Please enter the administrator user id
The value chosen for administrator user id is cacheadm***************** Creation of TT_CACHE_ADMIN_ROLE starts ******************
0. Creating TT_CACHE_ADMIN_ROLE role
** Creation of TT_CACHE_ADMIN_ROLE done successfully **
***************** Initialization for cache admin begins ******************
0. Granting the CREATE SESSION privilege to CACHEADM
1. Granting the TT_CACHE_ADMIN_ROLE to CACHEADM
2. Granting the DBMS_LOCK package privilege to CACHEADM
3. Granting the DBMS_DDL package privilege to CACHEADM
4. Granting the DBMS_FLASHBACK package privilege to CACHEADM
5. Granting the CREATE SEQUENCE privilege to CACHEADM
6. Granting the CREATE CLUSTER privilege to CACHEADM
7. Granting the CREATE OPERATOR privilege to CACHEADM
8. Granting the CREATE INDEXTYPE privilege to CACHEADM
9. Granting the CREATE TABLE privilege to CACHEADM
10. Granting the CREATE PROCEDURE  privilege to CACHEADM
11. Granting the CREATE ANY TRIGGER  privilege to CACHEADM
12. Granting the GRANT UNLIMITED TABLESPACE privilege to CACHEADM
13. Granting the DBMS_LOB package privilege to CACHEADM
14. Granting the SELECT on SYS.ALL_OBJECTS privilege to CACHEADM
15. Granting the SELECT on SYS.ALL_SYNONYMS privilege to CACHEADM
16. Checking if the cache administrator user has permissions on the default
tablespacePermission exists
18. Granting the CREATE TYPE privilege to CACHEADM
19. Granting the SELECT on SYS.GV$LOCK privilege to CACHEADM
20. Granting the SELECT on SYS.GV$SESSION privilege  to CACHEADM
21. Granting the SELECT on SYS.DBA_DATA_FILES privilege  to CACHEADM
22. Granting the SELECT on SYS.USER_USERS privilege  to CACHEADM
23. Granting the SELECT on SYS.USER_FREE_SPACE privilege  to CACHEADM
24. Granting the SELECT on SYS.USER_TS_QUOTAS privilege  to CACHEADM
25. Granting the SELECT on SYS.USER_SYS_PRIVS privilege  to CACHEADM
26. Granting the SELECT on SYS.V$DATABASE privilege  to CACHEADM (optional)
27. Granting the SELECT ANY TRANSACTION privilege to CACHEADM
********* Initialization for cache admin user done successfully *********

在TimesTen中缓存Oracle Cache管理员的口令

使用timesten cache管理员登录：

$ ttIsql "DSN=ttdb;UID=cacheadm;PWD=timesten;OraclePWD=oracle"
call ttCacheUidPwdSet('cacheadm','oracle');

如果出现以下错误，请查看DNS文件中OracleNetServiceName的设置，以及是否与tnsnames.ora中保持一致：

Command> call ttCacheUidPwdSet('cacheadm','oracle');5220: Permanent Oracle connection failure error in OCIServerAttach: ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified rc = -15935: Could not validate Oracle login: uid = CACHEADM, pwd = HIDDEN, OracleNetServiceName = orcl, TNS_ADMIN = "/home/oracle/tt181/conf", ORACLE_HOME= "/home/oracle/tt181/install/ttoracle_home/instantclient_12_1"
The command failed.

缓存组测试

在Oracle中建立基础表

基础表即被缓存的表。

$ sqlplus oratt/oracle@orclpdbCREATE TABLE readtab (keyval NUMBER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, str VARCHAR2(32));
CREATE TABLE writetab (pk NUMBER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, attr VARCHAR2(40));

插入数据：

INSERT INTO readtab VALUES (1, 'Hello');
INSERT INTO readtab VALUES (2, 'World');INSERT INTO writetab VALUES (100, 'TimesTen');
INSERT INTO writetab VALUES (101, 'CACHE');
COMMIT;

赋权给缓存管理员：

GRANT SELECT ON readtab TO cacheadm;
GRANT SELECT ON writetab TO cacheadm;
GRANT INSERT ON writetab TO cacheadm;
GRANT UPDATE ON writetab TO cacheadm;
GRANT DELETE ON writetab TO cacheadm;

读缓存组

先启动缓存代理：

$ ttAdmin -cacheStart ttdb$ ttisql "uid=cacheadm;pwd=timesten;dsn=ttdb;oraclepwd=oracle"
CREATE READONLY CACHE GROUP readcacheAUTOREFRESH INTERVAL 5 SECONDSFROM oratt.readtab(keyval NUMBER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, str VARCHAR2(32));

监控：

Command> cachegroups
Cache Group CACHEADM.READCACHE:Cache Group Type: Read OnlyAutorefresh: YesAutorefresh Mode: IncrementalAutorefresh State: PausedAutorefresh Interval: 5 SecondsAutorefresh Status: okAging: No aging definedRoot Table: ORATT.READTABTable Type: Read Only1 cache groups found.

写缓存组

先建立缓存组：

$ ttisql "uid=cacheadm;pwd=timesten;dsn=ttdb;oraclepwd=oracle"CREATE DYNAMIC ASYNCHRONOUS WRITETHROUGH CACHE GROUP writecacheFROM oratt.writetab(pk NUMBER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, attr VARCHAR2(40));

然后启动复制代理

$ ttAdmin -repStart ttdb

注意其顺序，如果启动复制代理时，没有任何写缓存组，则报错：

[oracle@ttserver ~]$ ttadmin -repStart ttdb
*** [TimesTen][TimesTen 18.1.4.1.0 ODBC Driver][TimesTen]TT8191: This database (TTDB on TTSERVER) is not involved in a replication scheme -- file "eeMisc.c", lineno 2987, procedure "sbEeGridErrorProc"
*** ODBC Error = S1000, TimesTen Error = 8191

测试

读缓存组

刷新操作后，Oracle与TimesTen数据一致：

$ ttisql "uid=cacheadm;pwd=timesten;dsn=ttdb;oraclepwd=oracle"
LOAD CACHE GROUP readcache COMMIT EVERY 256 ROWS;

在Oracle端更新：

$ sqlplus oratt/oracle@orclpdbINSERT INTO readtab VALUES (3, 'Welcome');
DELETE FROM readtab WHERE keyval=2;
UPDATE readtab SET str='Hi' WHERE keyval=1;
COMMIT;

5秒后，两边数据一致。
以下是Oracle端修改前后的数据：

Command> select * from oratt.readtab;
< 1, Hello >
< 2, World >
2 rows found.
Command> select * from oratt.readtab;
< 1, Hi >
< 3, Welcome >
2 rows found.

写缓存组

注意到写缓存组的属性是Dynamic:

Cache Group CACHEADM.WRITECACHE:Cache Group Type: Asynchronous Writethrough (Dynamic)Autorefresh: NoAging: LRU onRoot Table: ORATT.WRITETABTable Type: Propagate3 cache groups found.

因此，最初timesten中的表并没有数据，但通过主键select时可动态加载数据：

$ ttisql "uid=cacheadm;pwd=timesten;dsn=ttdb;oraclepwd=oracle"
Command> SELECT * FROM writetab;
0 rows found.
Command> SELECT * FROM writetab where pk=100;
< 100, TimesTen >

在timesten端更新数据：

INSERT INTO oratt.writetab VALUES (102, 'Cache');
DELETE FROM oratt.writetab WHERE pk=101;
UPDATE oratt.writetab SET attr='Oracle' WHERE pk=100;
COMMIT;

然后在Oracle端看到的数据如下：

SQL> select * from writetab;PK ATTR
---------- ----------------------------------------100 Oracle102 Cache

清理

停止复制代理
删除缓存组
停止缓存代理
销毁Oracle数据库

参考

https://docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1/TTCAC/gettingstarted.htm#TTCAC144