mysql存储引擎InnoDB 1.1、NDB 7.5对比

官网针对NDB和InnoDB进行了多方位的对比：

TheNDBstorage engine is implemented using a distributed, shared-nothing architecture, which causes it to behave differently fromInnoDBin a number of ways. For those unaccustomed to working withNDB, unexpected behaviors can arise due to its distributed nature with regard to transactions, foreign keys, table limits, and other characteristics. These are shown in the following table:

Feature

InnoDB1.1

NDB7.5

MySQL Server Version

5.7

5.7

InnoDBVersion

InnoDB5.7.20

InnoDB5.7.20

NDB Cluster Version

N/A

NDB7.5.8

Storage Limits

64TB

128TB (as of NDB 7.5.2)

Foreign Keys

Yes

Yes

Transactions

All standard types

MVCC

Yes

No

Data Compression

Yes

No (NDB checkpoint and backup files can be compressed)

Large Row Support (> 14K)

Supported forVARBINARY,VARCHAR,BLOB, andTEXTcolumns

Supported forBLOBandTEXTcolumns only (Using these types to store very large amounts of data can lower NDB performance)

Replication Support

Asynchronous and semisynchronous replication using MySQL Replication

Automatic synchronous replication within an NDB Cluster; asynchronous replication between NDB Clusters, using MySQL Replication

Scaleout for Read Operations

Yes (MySQL Replication)

Yes (Automatic partitioning in NDB Cluster; NDB Cluster Replication)

Scaleout for Write Operations

Requires application-level partitioning (sharding)

Yes (Automatic partitioning in NDB Cluster is transparent to applications)

High Availability (HA)

Requires additional software

Yes (Designed for 99.999% uptime)

Node Failure Recovery and Failover

Requires additional software

Automatic (Key element in NDB architecture)

Time for Node Failure Recovery

30 seconds or longer

Typically < 1 second

Real-Time Performance

No

Yes

In-Memory Tables

No

Yes (Some data can optionally be stored on disk; both in-memory and disk data storage are durable)

NoSQL Access to Storage Engine

Yes

Yes (Multiple APIs, including Memcached, Node.js/JavaScript, Java, JPA, C++, and HTTP/REST)

Concurrent and Parallel Writes

Not supported

Up to 48 writers, optimized for concurrent writes

Conflict Detection and Resolution (Multiple Replication Masters)

No

Yes

Hash Indexes

No

Yes

Online Addition of Nodes

Read-only replicas using MySQL Replication

Yes (all node types)

Online Upgrades

No

Yes

Online Schema Modifications

Yes, as part of MySQL 5.7

Yes

NDB Cluster has a range of unique attributes that make it ideal to serve applications requiring high availability, fast failover, high throughput, and low latency. Due to its distributed architecture and multi-node implementation, NDB Cluster also has specific constraints that may keep some workloads from performing well. A number of major differences in behavior between theNDBandInnoDBstorage engines with regard to some common types of database-driven application workloads are shown in the following table::

Workload

NDB Cluster (NDB)

High-Volume OLTP Applications

Yes

Yes

DSS Applications (data marts, analytics)

Yes

Limited (Join operations across OLTP datasets not exceeding 3TB in size)

Custom Applications

Yes

Yes

Packaged Applications

Yes

Limited (should be mostly primary key access)

NDB Cluster 7.5 supports foreign keys

In-Network Telecoms Applications (HLR, HSS, SDP)

No

Yes

Session Management and Caching

Yes

Yes

E-Commerce Applications

Yes

Yes

User Profile Management, AAA Protocol

Yes

Yes

When comparing application feature requirements to the capabilities ofInnoDBwithNDB, some are clearly more compatible with one storage engine than the other.

The following table lists supported application features according to the storage engine to which each feature is typically better suited.

Preferred application requirements forInnoDB

Preferred application requirements forNDB

Foreign keys

Note

NDB Cluster 7.5 supports foreign keys

Full table scans

Very large databases, rows, or transactions

Transactions other thanREAD COMMITTED

Write scaling

99.999% uptime

Online addition of nodes and online schema operations

Real-time performance

Limited use ofBLOBcolumns

Foreign keys are supported, although their use may have an impact on performance at high throughput

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