lshw linux

Linux lshw command lists all the hardware configuration of the system.

Linux lshw命令列出了系统的所有硬件配置。

Some of the common information we can extract from the lshw command are:

我们可以从lshw命令提取的一些常见信息是：

• RAM Memory informationRAM内存信息
• CPU configurationsCPU配置
• Motherboard information主板信息
• Harddisk information硬盘信息
• Network devices information网络设备信息

Linux lshw命令功能 (Linux lshw Command Features)

• Ability to produce the output in various formats such as XML, JSON, and HTML.能够产生各种格式的输出，例如XML，JSON和HTML。
• We can dump the output to a file easily using the redirection operator.我们可以使用重定向运算符轻松地将输出转储到文件中。
• The default output contains a lot of information, we can get specific hardware information using various options.默认输出包含很多信息，我们可以使用各种选项来获取特定的硬件信息。
• Supports GUI too, useful for Desktop environments only. Most of the time, we run these commands on a Linux server where we don’t have GUI software.也支持GUI，仅对桌面环境有用。 大多数时候，我们在没有GUI软件的Linux服务器上运行这些命令。

lshw命令限制 (lshw command limitations)

• It doesn’t detect Firewire devices as of now.到目前为止，它还没有检测到Firewire设备。
• It must be run as a superuser, either root or with sudo, to get the correct hardware details.它必须以超级用户身份（以root或sudo身份）运行，以获取正确的硬件详细信息。
• I found that -dump option to save the output in a file is not working.我发现-dump选项无法将输出保存到文件中。

Linux硬件信息示例 (Linux Hardware Information Examples)

Let’s look at some examples to get the linux hardware information using the lshw command.

让我们看一些使用lshw命令获取linux硬件信息的示例。

1.获取完整的Linux硬件信息 (1. Getting Complete Linux Hardware Information)

root@localhost:~# sudo lshw
localhost                   description: Computerproduct: Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009)vendor: QEMUversion: pc-q35-3.1width: 64 bitscapabilities: smbios-2.8 dmi-2.8 vsyscall32configuration: boot=normal*-coredescription: Motherboardphysical id: 0*-firmwaredescription: BIOSvendor: SeaBIOSphysical id: 0version: rel-1.12.0-0-ga698c8995f-prebuilt.qemu.orgdate: 04/01/2014size: 96KiB*-cpudescription: CPUproduct: AMD EPYC 7501 32-Core Processorvendor: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD]physical id: 400bus info: cpu@0version: pc-q35-3.1slot: CPU 0size: 2GHzcapacity: 2GHzwidth: 64 bitscapabilities: fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp x86-64 rep_good nopl cpuid extd_apicid tsc_known_freq pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm cmp_legacy cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw perfctr_core ssbd ibpb vmmcall fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 rdseed adx smap clflushopt sha_ni xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 virt_ssbd aratconfiguration: cores=1 enabledcores=1 threads=1*-memorydescription: System Memoryphysical id: 1000size: 2GiBcapacity: 2GiBcapabilities: eccconfiguration: errordetection=multi-bit-ecc*-bankdescription: DIMM RAMvendor: QEMUphysical id: 0slot: DIMM 0size: 2GiB*-pcidescription: Host bridgeproduct: 82G33/G31/P35/P31 Express DRAM Controllervendor: Intel Corporationphysical id: 100bus info: pci@0000:00:00.0version: 00width: 32 bitsclock: 33MHz*-display UNCLAIMEDdescription: VGA compatible controllerphysical id: 1bus info: pci@0000:00:01.0version: 02width: 32 bitsclock: 33MHzcapabilities: vga_controllerconfiguration: latency=0resources: memory:fd000000-fdffffff memory:febd0000-febd0fff memory:c0000-dffff*-scsi:0description: SCSI storage controllerproduct: Virtio SCSIvendor: Red Hat, Inc.physical id: 2bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0version: 00width: 64 bitsclock: 33MHzcapabilities: scsi msix bus_master cap_listconfiguration: driver=virtio-pci latency=0resources: irq:22 ioport:c000(size=64) memory:febd1000-febd1fff memory:fe000000-fe003fff*-virtio0 UNCLAIMEDdescription: Virtual I/O devicephysical id: 0bus info: virtio@0configuration: driver=virtio_scsi*-scsi:1description: SCSI storage controllerproduct: Virtio SCSIvendor: Red Hat, Inc.physical id: 3bus info: pci@0000:00:03.0version: 00width: 64 bitsclock: 33MHzcapabilities: scsi msix bus_master cap_listconfiguration: driver=virtio-pci latency=0resources: irq:23 ioport:c040(size=64) memory:febd2000-febd2fff memory:fe004000-fe007fff*-virtio1 UNCLAIMEDdescription: Virtual I/O devicephysical id: 0bus info: virtio@1configuration: driver=virtio_scsi*-networkdescription: Ethernet controllerproduct: Virtio network devicevendor: Red Hat, Inc.physical id: 4bus info: pci@0000:00:04.0version: 00width: 64 bitsclock: 33MHzcapabilities: msix bus_master cap_list romconfiguration: driver=virtio-pci latency=0resources: irq:20 ioport:c0c0(size=32) memory:febd3000-febd3fff memory:fe008000-fe00bfff memory:feb80000-febbffff*-virtio2description: Ethernet interfacephysical id: 0bus info: virtio@2logical name: eth0serial: f2:3c:92:d4:76:9ecapabilities: ethernet physicalconfiguration: autonegotiation=off broadcast=yes driver=virtio_net driverversion=1.0.0 ip=45.79.122.188 link=yes multicast=yes*-isadescription: ISA bridgeproduct: 82801IB (ICH9) LPC Interface Controllervendor: Intel Corporationphysical id: 1fbus info: pci@0000:00:1f.0version: 02width: 32 bitsclock: 33MHzcapabilities: isaconfiguration: driver=lpc_ich latency=0resources: irq:0*-storagedescription: SATA controllerproduct: 82801IR/IO/IH (ICH9R/DO/DH) 6 port SATA Controller [AHCI mode]vendor: Intel Corporationphysical id: 1f.2bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.2version: 02width: 32 bitsclock: 33MHzcapabilities: storage msi ahci_1.0 bus_master cap_listconfiguration: driver=ahci latency=0resources: irq:31 ioport:c0e0(size=32) memory:febd4000-febd4fff*-serial UNCLAIMEDdescription: SMBusproduct: 82801I (ICH9 Family) SMBus Controllervendor: Intel Corporationphysical id: 1f.3bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.3version: 02width: 32 bitsclock: 33MHzconfiguration: latency=0resources: ioport:700(size=64)*-scsi:0physical id: 1logical name: scsi0*-diskdescription: EXT4 volumeproduct: QEMU HARDDISKvendor: Linuxphysical id: 0.0.0bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0logical name: /dev/sdalogical name: /version: 1.0serial: ccf427b1-b94a-4237-b067-d9e9fc34756fsize: 49GiBcapabilities: 5400rpm journaled extended_attributes large_files huge_files dir_nlink recover extents ext4 ext2 initializedconfiguration: ansiversion=5 created=2020-02-19 14:27:58 filesystem=ext4 lastmountpoint=/ logicalsectorsize=512 modified=2020-04-28 08:10:42 mount.fstype=ext4 mount.options=rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered mounted=2020-04-28 08:10:43 sectorsize=512 state=mounted*-scsi:1physical id: 2logical name: scsi1*-diskdescription: Linux swap volumeproduct: QEMU HARDDISKvendor: QEMUphysical id: 0.1.2bus info: scsi@1:0.1.2logical name: /dev/sdbversion: 1serial: 179fdb40-6f5a-4973-99fd-2c0dfee57907size: 512MiBcapacity: 512MiBcapabilities: 5400rpm swap initializedconfiguration: ansiversion=5 filesystem=swap logicalsectorsize=512 pagesize=4096 sectorsize=512
root@localhost:~# 

As you can see that it’s a lot of information, if you want quick hardware information, then run it with -short option.

如您所见，其中包含很多信息，如果您需要快速的硬件信息，请使用-short选项运行它。

root@localhost:~# sudo lshw -short
H/W path     Device    Class      Description
=============================================system     Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009)
/0                     bus        Motherboard
/0/0                   memory     96KiB BIOS
/0/400                 processor  AMD EPYC 7501 32-Core Processor
/0/1000                memory     2GiB System Memory
/0/1000/0              memory     2GiB DIMM RAM
/0/100                 bridge     82G33/G31/P35/P31 Express DRAM Controller
/0/100/1               display    VGA compatible controller
/0/100/2               storage    Virtio SCSI
/0/100/2/0             generic    Virtual I/O device
/0/100/3               storage    Virtio SCSI
/0/100/3/0             generic    Virtual I/O device
/0/100/4               network    Virtio network device
/0/100/4/0   eth0      network    Ethernet interface
/0/100/1f              bridge     82801IB (ICH9) LPC Interface Controller
/0/100/1f.2            storage    82801IR/IO/IH (ICH9R/DO/DH) 6 port SATA Controller [AHCI mode]
/0/100/1f.3            bus        82801I (ICH9 Family) SMBus Controller
/0/1         scsi0     storage
/0/1/0.0.0   /dev/sda  volume     49GiB QEMU HARDDISK
/0/2         scsi1     storage
/0/2/0.1.2   /dev/sdb  volume     512MiB QEMU HARDDISK
root@localhost:~#

2.获取Linux CPU信息 (2. Getting Linux CPU Information)

We can run lshw -C class_name to get the specific hardware class information. Let’s see how to get the CPU information.

我们可以运行lshw -C class_name来获取特定的硬件类信息。 让我们看看如何获​​取CPU信息。

root@localhost:~# sudo lshw -C cpu*-cpu                     description: CPUproduct: AMD EPYC 7501 32-Core Processorvendor: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD]physical id: 400bus info: cpu@0version: pc-q35-3.1slot: CPU 0size: 2GHzcapacity: 2GHzwidth: 64 bitscapabilities: fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp x86-64 rep_good nopl cpuid extd_apicid tsc_known_freq pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm cmp_legacy cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw perfctr_core ssbd ibpb vmmcall fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 rdseed adx smap clflushopt sha_ni xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 virt_ssbd aratconfiguration: cores=1 enabledcores=1 threads=1
root@localhost:~#

If you have multiple CPUs, then the command will provide information of all the CPUs.

如果您有多个CPU，则该命令将提供所有CPU的信息。

The lshw -C processor command will also print the CPU information.

lshw -C processor命令还将打印CPU信息。

If you are not sure of the Class name, then look at it in the lshw short output.

如果不确定类名，请在lshw short输出中查看它。

3.获取Linux内存信息 (3. Getting Linux Memory Information)

root@localhost:~# sudo lshw -C memory*-firmware                description: BIOSvendor: SeaBIOSphysical id: 0version: rel-1.12.0-0-ga698c8995f-prebuilt.qemu.orgdate: 04/01/2014size: 96KiB*-memorydescription: System Memoryphysical id: 1000size: 2GiBcapacity: 2GiBcapabilities: eccconfiguration: errordetection=multi-bit-ecc*-bankdescription: DIMM RAMvendor: QEMUphysical id: 0slot: DIMM 0size: 2GiB
root@localhost:~#

4.获取Linux硬盘信息 (4. Getting Linux Harddisk Information)

root@localhost:~# sudo lshw -C storage

5.获取Linux主板信息 (5. Getting Linux Motherboard Information)

root@localhost:~# sudo lshw -C bus*-core                    description: Motherboardphysical id: 0*-serial UNCLAIMEDdescription: SMBusproduct: 82801I (ICH9 Family) SMBus Controllervendor: Intel Corporationphysical id: 1f.3bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.3version: 02width: 32 bitsclock: 33MHzconfiguration: latency=0resources: ioport:700(size=64)
root@localhost:~#

6.获取Linux网络接口信息 (6. Getting Linux Network Interfaces Information)

root@localhost:~# sudo lshw -C network*-network                 description: Ethernet controllerproduct: Virtio network devicevendor: Red Hat, Inc.physical id: 4bus info: pci@0000:00:04.0version: 00width: 64 bitsclock: 33MHzcapabilities: msix bus_master cap_list romconfiguration: driver=virtio-pci latency=0resources: irq:20 ioport:c0c0(size=32) memory:febd3000-febd3fff memory:fe008000-fe00bfff memory:feb80000-febbffff*-virtio2description: Ethernet interfacephysical id: 0bus info: virtio@2logical name: eth0serial: f2:3c:92:d4:76:9ecapabilities: ethernet physicalconfiguration: autonegotiation=off broadcast=yes driver=virtio_net driverversion=1.0.0 ip=45.79.122.188 link=yes multicast=yes
root@localhost:~#

7. HTML，XML和JSON格式的Linux硬件信息 (7. Linux Hardware Information in HTML, XML, and JSON Formats )

The default output of lshw command is in plain text. We can get the output in HTML, XML, and JSON formats by specifying corresponding options.

lshw命令的默认输出为纯文本。 通过指定相应的选项，我们可以获得HTML，XML和JSON格式的输出。

XML:

XML：

root@localhost:~# sudo lshw -C bus -xml
<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes" ?>
<!-- generated by lshw-B.02.18 -->
<!-- GCC 7.3.0 -->
<!-- Linux 4.15.0-88-generic #88-Ubuntu SMP Tue Feb 11 20:11:34 UTC 2020 x86_64 -->
<!-- GNU libc 2 (glibc 2.27) -->
<list><node id="core" claimed="true" class="bus" handle=""><description>Motherboard</description><physid>0</physid><node id="serial" class="bus" handle="PCI:0000:00:1f.3"><description>SMBus</description><product>82801I (ICH9 Family) SMBus Controller</product><vendor>Intel Corporation</vendor><physid>1f.3</physid><businfo>pci@0000:00:1f.3</businfo><version>02</version><width units="bits">32</width><clock units="Hz">33000000</clock><configuration><setting id="latency" value="0" /></configuration><resources><resource type="ioport" value="700(size=64)" /></resources></node></node>
</list>
root@localhost:~#

JSON:

JSON：

root@localhost:~# sudo lshw -C memory -json{                 "id" : "firmware","class" : "memory","claimed" : true,"description" : "BIOS","vendor" : "SeaBIOS","physid" : "0","version" : "rel-1.12.0-0-ga698c8995f-prebuilt.qemu.org","date" : "04/01/2014","units" : "bytes","size" : 98304},{"id" : "memory","class" : "memory","claimed" : true,"handle" : "DMI:1000","description" : "System Memory","physid" : "1000","units" : "bytes","size" : 2147483648,"capacity" : 2147483648,"configuration" : {"errordetection" : "multi-bit-ecc"},"capabilities" : {"ecc" : "Multi-bit error-correcting code (ECC)"},"children" : [{"id" : "bank","class" : "memory","claimed" : true,"handle" : "DMI:1100","description" : "DIMM RAM","vendor" : "QEMU","physid" : "0","slot" : "DIMM 0","units" : "bytes","size" : 2147483648}]},root@localhost:~#

HTML:

HTML：

root@localhost:~# sudo lshw -C memory -html

8.将Linux硬件信息保存到文件中 (8. Saving Linux Hardware Information to a File)

I tried to use the -dump option with the lshw command but it didn’t worked for me. But, we can always use the redirection operator (>) to save it into a new file.

我尝试将-dump选项与lshw命令一起使用，但对我而言不起作用。 但是，我们始终可以使用重定向运算符（>）将其保存到新文件中。

# sudo lshw -html > hardware_info.html

结论 (Conclusion)

Linux lshw command is a simple tool to get the complete hardware information. The various options to get the specific hardware information and in multiple formats such as HTML and JSON is very useful in sharing the details with others also.

Linux lshw命令是获取完整硬件信息的简单工具。 获取特定硬件信息以及多种格式（例如HTML和JSON）的各种选项对于与其他人共享详细信息也非常有用。

Reference: HardwareLiSter

参考 ： HardwareLiSter

翻译自: https://www.journaldev.com/39487/linux-lshw-command-linux-hardware-info

lshw linux