class str(object)|  str(object='') -> str|  str(bytes_or_buffer[, encoding[, errors]]) -> str|  |  Create a new string object from the given object. If encoding or|  errors is specified, then the object must expose a data buffer|  that will be decoded using the given encoding and error handler.|  Otherwise, returns the result of object.__str__() (if defined)|  or repr(object).|  encoding defaults to sys.getdefaultencoding().|  errors defaults to 'strict'.|  |  Methods defined here:|  |  __add__(self, value, /)|      Return self+value.|  |  __contains__(self, key, /)|      Return key in self.|  |  __eq__(self, value, /)|      Return self==value.|  |  __format__(...)|      S.__format__(format_spec) -> str|      |      Return a formatted version of S as described by format_spec.|  |  __ge__(self, value, /)|      Return self>=value.|  |  __getattribute__(self, name, /)|      Return getattr(self, name).|  |  __getitem__(self, key, /)|      Return self[key].|  |  __getnewargs__(...)|  |  __gt__(self, value, /)|      Return self>value.|  |  __hash__(self, /)|      Return hash(self).|  |  __iter__(self, /)|      Implement iter(self).|  |  __le__(self, value, /)|      Return self<=value.|  |  __len__(self, /)|      Return len(self).|  |  __lt__(self, value, /)|      Return self<value.|  |  __mod__(self, value, /)|      Return self%value.|  |  __mul__(self, value, /)|      Return self*value.n|  |  __ne__(self, value, /)|      Return self!=value.|  |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type|      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.|  |  __repr__(self, /)|      Return repr(self).|  |  __rmod__(self, value, /)|      Return value%self.|  |  __rmul__(self, value, /)|      Return self*value.|  |  __sizeof__(...)|      S.__sizeof__() -> size of S in memory, in bytes|  |  __str__(self, /)|      Return str(self).|  |  capitalize(...)|      S.capitalize() -> str|      |      Return a capitalized version of S, i.e. make the first character|      have upper case and the rest lower case.|  |  casefold(...)|      S.casefold() -> str|      |      Return a version of S suitable for caseless comparisons.|  |  center(...)|      S.center(width[, fillchar]) -> str|      |      Return S centered in a string of length width. Padding is|      done using the specified fill character (default is a space)|  |  count(...)|      S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int|      |      Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring sub in|      string S[start:end].  Optional arguments start and end are|      interpreted as in slice notation.|  |  encode(...)|      S.encode(encoding='utf-8', errors='strict') -> bytes|      |      Encode S using the codec registered for encoding. Default encoding|      is 'utf-8'. errors may be given to set a different error|      handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise|      a UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore', 'replace' and|      'xmlcharrefreplace' as well as any other name registered with|      codecs.register_error that can handle UnicodeEncodeErrors.|  |  endswith(...)|      S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool|      |      Return True if S ends with the specified suffix, False otherwise.|      With optional start, test S beginning at that position.|      With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.|      suffix can also be a tuple of strings to try.|  |  expandtabs(...)|      S.expandtabs(tabsize=8) -> str|      |      Return a copy of S where all tab characters are expanded using spaces.|      If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed.|  |  find(...)|      S.find(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int|      |      Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,|      such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional|      arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.|      |      Return -1 on failure.|  |  format(...)|      S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> str|      |      Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from args and kwargs.|      The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}').|  |  format_map(...)|      S.format_map(mapping) -> str|      |      Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from mapping.|      The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}').|  |  index(...)|      S.index(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int|      |      Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found, |      such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional|      arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.|      |      Raises ValueError when the substring is not found.|  |  isalnum(...)|      S.isalnum() -> bool|      |      Return True if all characters in S are alphanumeric|      and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.|  |  isalpha(...)|      S.isalpha() -> bool|      |      Return True if all characters in S are alphabetic|      and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.|  |  isdecimal(...)|      S.isdecimal() -> bool|      |      Return True if there are only decimal characters in S,|      False otherwise.|  |  isdigit(...)|      S.isdigit() -> bool|      |      Return True if all characters in S are digits|      and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.|  |  isidentifier(...)|      S.isidentifier() -> bool|      |      Return True if S is a valid identifier according|      to the language definition.|      |      Use keyword.iskeyword() to test for reserved identifiers|      such as "def" and "class".|  |  islower(...)|      S.islower() -> bool|      |      Return True if all cased characters in S are lowercase and there is|      at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.|  |  isnumeric(...)|      S.isnumeric() -> bool|      |      Return True if there are only numeric characters in S,|      False otherwise.|  |  isprintable(...)|      S.isprintable() -> bool|      |      Return True if all characters in S are considered|      printable in repr() or S is empty, False otherwise.|  |  isspace(...)|      S.isspace() -> bool|      |      Return True if all characters in S are whitespace|      and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.|  |  istitle(...)|      S.istitle() -> bool|      |      Return True if S is a titlecased string and there is at least one|      character in S, i.e. upper- and titlecase characters may only|      follow uncased characters and lowercase characters only cased ones.|      Return False otherwise.|  |  isupper(...)|      S.isupper() -> bool|      |      Return True if all cased characters in S are uppercase and there is|      at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.|  |  join(...)|      S.join(iterable) -> str|      |      Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in the|      iterable.  The separator between elements is S.|  |  ljust(...)|      S.ljust(width[, fillchar]) -> str|      |      Return S left-justified in a Unicode string of length width. Padding is|      done using the specified fill character (default is a space).|  |  lower(...)|      S.lower() -> str|      |      Return a copy of the string S converted to lowercase.|  |  lstrip(...)|      S.lstrip([chars]) -> str|      |      Return a copy of the string S with leading whitespace removed.|      If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.|  |  partition(...)|      S.partition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)|      |      Search for the separator sep in S, and return the part before it,|      the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the separator is not|      found, return S and two empty strings.|  |  replace(...)|      S.replace(old, new[, count]) -> str|      |      Return a copy of S with all occurrences of substring|      old replaced by new.  If the optional argument count is|      given, only the first count occurrences are replaced.|  |  rfind(...)|      S.rfind(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int|      |      Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found,|      such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional|      arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.|      |      Return -1 on failure.|  |  rindex(...)|      S.rindex(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int|      |      Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found,|      such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional|      arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.|      |      Raises ValueError when the substring is not found.|  |  rjust(...)|      S.rjust(width[, fillchar]) -> str|      |      Return S right-justified in a string of length width. Padding is|      done using the specified fill character (default is a space).|  |  rpartition(...)|      S.rpartition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)|      |      Search for the separator sep in S, starting at the end of S, and return|      the part before it, the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the|      separator is not found, return two empty strings and S.|  |  rsplit(...)|      S.rsplit(sep=None, maxsplit=-1) -> list of strings|      |      Return a list of the words in S, using sep as the|      delimiter string, starting at the end of the string and|      working to the front.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit|      splits are done. If sep is not specified, any whitespace string|      is a separator.|  |  rstrip(...)|      S.rstrip([chars]) -> str|      |      Return a copy of the string S with trailing whitespace removed.|      If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.|  |  split(...)|      S.split(sep=None, maxsplit=-1) -> list of strings|      |      Return a list of the words in S, using sep as the|      delimiter string.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit|      splits are done. If sep is not specified or is None, any|      whitespace string is a separator and empty strings are|      removed from the result.|  |  splitlines(...)|      S.splitlines([keepends]) -> list of strings|      |      Return a list of the lines in S, breaking at line boundaries.|      Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends|      is given and true.|  |  startswith(...)|      S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool|      |      Return True if S starts with the specified prefix, False otherwise.|      With optional start, test S beginning at that position.|      With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.|      prefix can also be a tuple of strings to try.|  |  strip(...)|      S.strip([chars]) -> str|      |      Return a copy of the string S with leading and trailing|      whitespace removed.|      If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.|  |  swapcase(...)|      S.swapcase() -> str|      |      Return a copy of S with uppercase characters converted to lowercase|      and vice versa.|  |  title(...)|      S.title() -> str|      |      Return a titlecased version of S, i.e. words start with title case|      characters, all remaining cased characters have lower case.|  |  translate(...)|      S.translate(table) -> str|      |      Return a copy of the string S in which each character has been mapped|      through the given translation table. The table must implement|      lookup/indexing via __getitem__, for instance a dictionary or list,|      mapping Unicode ordinals to Unicode ordinals, strings, or None. If|      this operation raises LookupError, the character is left untouched.|      Characters mapped to None are deleted.|  |  upper(...)|      S.upper() -> str|      |      Return a copy of S converted to uppercase.|  |  zfill(...)|      S.zfill(width) -> str|      |      Pad a numeric string S with zeros on the left, to fill a field|      of the specified width. The string S is never truncated.|  |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------|  Static methods defined here:|  |  maketrans(x, y=None, z=None, /)|      Return a translation table usable for str.translate().|      |      If there is only one argument, it must be a dictionary mapping Unicode|      ordinals (integers) or characters to Unicode ordinals, strings or None.|      Character keys will be then converted to ordinals.|      If there are two arguments, they must be strings of equal length, and|      in the resulting dictionary, each character in x will be mapped to the|      character at the same position in y. If there is a third argument, it|      must be a string, whose characters will be mapped to None in the result.