【学习记录】Three.js

一、学习资料

**
1.入门教程：
http://ourjs.com/wiki/view/three
数字孪生技术底层实现技术框架之一。
2.一些例子
分享数百个 HT 工业互联网 2D 3D 可视化应用案例之 2019 篇
3.数百个 HTML5 例子学习 HT 图形组件

掌握 HT 基础：
1、先入门手册 http://www.hightopo.com/guide/guide/core/beginners/ht-beginners-guide.html
2、看数据模型 http://www.hightopo.com/guide/guide/core/datamodel/ht-datamodel-guide.html
3、阅矢量手册 http://www.hightopo.com/guide/guide/core/vector/ht-vector-guide.html
4、读数据绑定 http://www.hightopo.com/guide/guide/core/databinding/ht-databinding-guide.html
5、序列化机制 hightopo.com/guide/guide/core/serialization/ht-serialization-guide.html

如有三维需求：
1、入门手册 http://www.hightopo.com/guide/guide/core/3d/ht-3d-guide.html
2、建模手册 http://www.hightopo.com/guide/guide/plugin/modeling/ht-modeling-guide.html
3、OBJ 导入 http://www.hightopo.com/guide/guide/plugin/obj/ht-obj-guide.html

！！！！主要学习：

Three.js零基础入门教程(郭隆邦)

**：Three.js零基础入门教程

WebGL零基础入门教程（郭隆邦）

：http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/WebGL/

three.js官网

：https://threejs.org/

学习过程中引用的three.js路径：

<!--引入three.js三维引擎--><!--    <script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/3D/example/three.js"></script>--><script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/versions/threejsR92/build/three.js"></script><script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/3D/example/three.min.js"></script><!--鼠标操作三维场景--><script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/threejs/examples/js/controls/OrbitControls.js"></script><script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/threejs/examples/js/loaders/STLLoader.js"></script><script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/threejs/examples/js/loaders/OBJLoader.js"></script><script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/threejs/examples/js/loaders/MTLLoader.js"></script>

二、跟着官网学习过程中需要自己完善的案例代码：

1、three.js-纹理动画

动画效果：

纹理动画

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>8.4纹理对象-案例-纹理动画</title><style>body {margin: 0;overflow: hidden;/* 隐藏body窗口区域滚动条 */}</style><!--引入three.js三维引擎--><!--    <script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/3D/example/three.js"></script>--><script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/versions/threejsR92/build/three.js"></script><script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/3D/example/three.min.js"></script><!--鼠标操作三维场景--><!--    <script type="text/javascript" th:src="@{/static/js/OrbitControls.js}"></script>--><script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/threejs/examples/js/controls/OrbitControls.js"></script><script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/threejs/examples/js/loaders/STLLoader.js"></script><script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/threejs/examples/js/loaders/OBJLoader.js"></script><script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/threejs/examples/js/loaders/MTLLoader.js"></script></head>
<body><script>var scene=new THREE.Scene();//纹理动画//创建盒子模型var geometry1=new THREE.BoxGeometry(40,60,40);var geometry2=geometry1.clone();geometry1.translate(-80,-25,0);//模型1沿x轴移动-80geometry2.translate(80,-25,0);//模型2沿x轴移动80/*** 创建一个设置重复纹理的管道*/var curve = new THREE.CatmullRomCurve3([new THREE.Vector3(-80, -40, 0),new THREE.Vector3(-70, 40, 0),new THREE.Vector3(70, 40, 0),new THREE.Vector3(80, -40, 0)]);//创建管道模型对象var tubeGeometry = new THREE.TubeGeometry(curve, 200, 2, 10, false);//curve:扫描路径；200：路径方向细分数；1：管道圆弧细分数；false:不闭合var textureLoader = new THREE.TextureLoader();var texture = textureLoader.load("../picture/orange.jpg");//创建纹理加载器对象加载图片// 设置阵列模式为 RepeatWrappingtexture.wrapS = THREE.RepeatWrapping //wrapS:纹理贴图在水平方向上将如何进行包裹texture.wrapT=THREE.RepeatWrapping  //wrapT ：纹理贴图在垂直方向上将如何包裹// 设置x方向的偏移(沿着管道路径方向)，y方向默认1//等价texture.repeat= new THREE.Vector2(20,1)texture.repeat.x = 20;//管道的材质var tubeMaterial = new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial({map: texture,transparent: true,});//盒子的材质var material=new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial({color:0xff00ff,side:THREE.DoubleSide})var mesh1=new THREE.Mesh(geometry1,material);var mesh2=new THREE.Mesh(geometry2,material);var mesh3=new THREE.Mesh(tubeGeometry,tubeMaterial);scene.add(mesh1,mesh2,mesh3);//光源var point = new THREE.PointLight(0xffffff);point.position.set(400, 200, 300); //点光源位置scene.add(point); //点光源添加到场景中var point1 = new THREE.PointLight(0xffffff);point1.position.set(-400, -200, -300); //点光源位置scene.add(point1); //点光源添加到场景中//环境光var ambient = new THREE.AmbientLight(0x777777);scene.add(ambient);//相机var width = window.innerWidth; //窗口宽度var height = window.innerHeight; //窗口高度var k = width / height; //窗口宽高比var s = 200; //三维场景显示范围控制系数，系数越大，显示的范围越大//创建相机对象var camera = new THREE.OrthographicCamera(-s * k, s * k, s, -s, 1, 1000);camera.position.set(200, 200, 200); //设置相机位置camera.lookAt(scene.position); //设置相机方向(指向的场景对象)//创建渲染器对象var renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer();renderer.setSize(width, height);//设置渲染区域尺寸renderer.setClearColor(0x000000, 1); //设置背景颜色document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement); //body元素中插入canvas对象// renderer.render(scene,camera);//执行渲染操作//鼠标操作function render() {renderer.render(scene,camera);//执行渲染操作// mesh.rotateY(0.01);//每次绕y轴旋转0.01弧度requestAnimationFrame(render);//请求再次执行渲染函数render// 使用加减法可以设置不同的运动方向// 设置纹理偏移texture.offset.x -= 0.05}render();var controls = new THREE.OrbitControls(camera,renderer.domElement);//创建控件对象// 辅助坐标系  参数250表示坐标系大小，可以根据场景大小去设置var axisHelper = new THREE.AxisHelper(1000);scene.add(axisHelper);</script>
</body>
</html>

其中引用到的贴图是自己用ppt粗略弄的图片：

目录位置：

2-Canvas画布加载图片

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>8.5canvas画布加载图片</title><style>body {margin: 0;overflow: hidden;/* 隐藏body窗口区域滚动条 */}</style><!--引入three.js三维引擎--><!--    <script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/3D/example/three.js"></script>--><script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/versions/threejsR92/build/three.js"></script><script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/3D/example/three.min.js"></script><!--鼠标操作三维场景--><!--    <script type="text/javascript" th:src="@{/static/js/OrbitControls.js}"></script>--><script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/threejs/examples/js/controls/OrbitControls.js"></script><script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/threejs/examples/js/loaders/STLLoader.js"></script><script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/threejs/examples/js/loaders/OBJLoader.js"></script><script src="http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/threejs/examples/js/loaders/MTLLoader.js"></script></head>
<body><script>var texture;var scene=new THREE.Scene();var canvas=document.createElement("canvas");//创建一个canvas对象canvas.width=200;canvas.height=200;var ctx=canvas.getContext('2d');var Image=new Image();Image.src="../picture/earth.png";Image.onload=function(){ctx.drawImage(Image,0,0,200,200);// var bg=ctx.createPattern(Image,"no-repeat");// canvas画布对象作为CanvasTexture的参数重建一个纹理对象// canvas画布可以理解为一张图片texture = new THREE.CanvasTexture(canvas);texture.needsUpdate = true;// 注意图片加载完成执行canvas相关方法后，要更新一下纹理//打印纹理对象的image属性// console.log(texture.image);//矩形平面var geometry = new THREE.PlaneGeometry(100, 100);var material = new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial({map: texture, // 设置纹理贴图side:THREE.DoubleSide});// 创建一个矩形平面网模型，Canvas画布作为矩形网格模型的纹理贴图var mesh = new THREE.Mesh(geometry, material);scene.add(mesh);}//光源var point = new THREE.PointLight(0xffffff);point.position.set(400, 200, 300); //点光源位置scene.add(point); //点光源添加到场景中var point1 = new THREE.PointLight(0xffffff);point1.position.set(-400, -200, -300); //点光源位置scene.add(point1); //点光源添加到场景中//环境光var ambient = new THREE.AmbientLight(0x777777);scene.add(ambient);//相机var width = window.innerWidth; //窗口宽度var height = window.innerHeight; //窗口高度var k = width / height; //窗口宽高比var s = 200; //三维场景显示范围控制系数，系数越大，显示的范围越大//创建相机对象var camera = new THREE.OrthographicCamera(-s * k, s * k, s, -s, 1, 1000);camera.position.set(200, 200, 200); //设置相机位置camera.lookAt(scene.position); //设置相机方向(指向的场景对象)//创建渲染器对象var renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer();renderer.setSize(width, height);//设置渲染区域尺寸renderer.setClearColor(0x000000, 1); //设置背景颜色document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement); //body元素中插入canvas对象// renderer.render(scene,camera);//执行渲染操作//鼠标操作function render() {renderer.render(scene,camera);//执行渲染操作// mesh.rotateY(0.01);//每次绕y轴旋转0.01弧度requestAnimationFrame(render);//请求再次执行渲染函数render}// 辅助坐标系  参数250表示坐标系大小，可以根据场景大小去设置var axisHelper = new THREE.AxisHelper(1000);scene.add(axisHelper);var controls = new THREE.OrbitControls(camera,renderer.domElement);//创建控件对象render();</script>
</body>
</html>

三、学习过程遇到的问题总结：

1.控制台报错 geometry.setFromPoints is not a function

three.js版本：http://www.yanhuangxueyuan.com/3D/example/three.js

查找百度等资料，应该是这个版本没有这个方法(不确定)。

2.The AudioContext was not allowed to start. It must be resumed (or created) after a user gesture on the page.

网上的解决办法：
地址栏输入：edge://flags/#autoplay-policy
将Show block option in autoplay settings下拉选项设为Enabled

不过设置了之后音频还是无法自动播放…