NLP--解决Mac OS 10.14.4Python下pip install pyhanlp 失败

1.安装环境：

Mac OS 10.14.4
Python 3.6.8 :: Anaconda, Inc.
gcc-8 (Homebrew GCC 8.3.0) 8.3.0
Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

2.安装命令：

pip intall pyhanlp

提示：error: command ‘gcc’ failed with exit status 1

3.错误日志

Collecting pyhanlp
Collecting jpype1 (from pyhanlp)Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c4/4b/60a3e63d51714d4d7ef1b1efdf84315d118a0a80a5b085bb52a7e2428cdc/JPype1-0.6.3.tar.gz
Building wheels for collected packages: jpype1Building wheel for jpype1 (setup.py): startedBuilding wheel for jpype1 (setup.py): finished with status 'error'Complete output from command /anaconda3/envs/python36/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/private/var/folders/j3/q1l_gzdx53b9_63q9f9hlgsc0000gn/T/pip-install-6hw5f3qz/jpype1/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" bdist_wheel -d /private/var/folders/j3/q1l_gzdx53b9_63q9f9hlgsc0000gn/T/pip-wheel-6l2h2ohv --python-tag cp36:running bdist_wheelrunning buildrunning build_pycreating buildcreating build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6creating build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jcollection.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_classpath.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jio.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_pykeywords.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jproxy.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_gui.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_darwin.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/nio.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_cygwin.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_properties.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_refdaemon.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jboxed.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/JClassUtil.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jvmfinder.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/imports.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_core.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_linux.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jarray.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jobject.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jclass.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_windows.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jwrapper.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jexception.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/reflect.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jpackage.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecreating build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpype/awtcopying jpype/awt/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpype/awtcreating build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpype/awt/eventcopying jpype/awt/event/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpype/awt/eventcopying jpype/awt/event/WindowAdapter.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpype/awt/eventcreating build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypexcopying jpypex/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypexcreating build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypex/swingcopying jpypex/swing/AbstractAction.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypex/swingcopying jpypex/swing/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypex/swingcopying jpypex/swing/pyutils.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypex/swingrunning build_extbuilding '_jpype' extensioncreating build/temp.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6creating build/temp.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/nativecreating build/temp.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/native/pythoncreating build/temp.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/native/commongcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -I/anaconda3/envs/python36/include -arch x86_64 -I/anaconda3/envs/python36/include -arch x86_64 -DMACOSX=1 -Inative/common/include -Inative/python/include -Inative/jni_include -I/anaconda3/envs/python36/include/python3.6m -c native/python/jpype_python.cpp -o build/temp.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/native/python/jpype_python.o -ggdbIn file included from /anaconda3/envs/python36/lib/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin11.4.2/4.8.5/include-fixed/syslimits.h:7:0,from /anaconda3/envs/python36/lib/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin11.4.2/4.8.5/include-fixed/limits.h:34,from /anaconda3/envs/python36/include/python3.6m/Python.h:11,from native/python/include/jpype_python.h:23,from native/python/jpype_python.cpp:19:/anaconda3/envs/python36/lib/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin11.4.2/4.8.5/include-fixed/limits.h:168:61: fatal error: limits.h: No such file or directory#include_next <limits.h>  /* recurse down to the real one */^compilation terminated.error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1----------------------------------------Running setup.py clean for jpype1
Failed to build jpype1
Installing collected packages: jpype1, pyhanlpRunning setup.py install for jpype1: startedRunning setup.py install for jpype1: finished with status 'error'Complete output from command /anaconda3/envs/python36/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/private/var/folders/j3/q1l_gzdx53b9_63q9f9hlgsc0000gn/T/pip-install-6hw5f3qz/jpype1/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /private/var/folders/j3/q1l_gzdx53b9_63q9f9hlgsc0000gn/T/pip-record-dn0tq3ls/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:running installrunning buildrunning build_pycreating buildcreating build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6creating build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jcollection.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_classpath.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jio.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_pykeywords.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jproxy.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_gui.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_darwin.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/nio.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_cygwin.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_properties.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_refdaemon.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jboxed.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/JClassUtil.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jvmfinder.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/imports.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_core.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_linux.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jarray.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jobject.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jclass.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_windows.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jwrapper.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jexception.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/reflect.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecopying jpype/_jpackage.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypecreating build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpype/awtcopying jpype/awt/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpype/awtcreating build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpype/awt/eventcopying jpype/awt/event/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpype/awt/eventcopying jpype/awt/event/WindowAdapter.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpype/awt/eventcreating build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypexcopying jpypex/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypexcreating build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypex/swingcopying jpypex/swing/AbstractAction.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypex/swingcopying jpypex/swing/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypex/swingcopying jpypex/swing/pyutils.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/jpypex/swingrunning build_extbuilding '_jpype' extensioncreating build/temp.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6creating build/temp.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/nativecreating build/temp.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/native/pythoncreating build/temp.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/native/commongcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -I/anaconda3/envs/python36/include -arch x86_64 -I/anaconda3/envs/python36/include -arch x86_64 -DMACOSX=1 -Inative/common/include -Inative/python/include -Inative/jni_include -I/anaconda3/envs/python36/include/python3.6m -c native/python/jpype_python.cpp -o build/temp.macosx-10.7-x86_64-3.6/native/python/jpype_python.o -ggdbIn file included from /anaconda3/envs/python36/lib/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin11.4.2/4.8.5/include-fixed/syslimits.h:7:0,from /anaconda3/envs/python36/lib/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin11.4.2/4.8.5/include-fixed/limits.h:34,from /anaconda3/envs/python36/include/python3.6m/Python.h:11,from native/python/include/jpype_python.h:23,from native/python/jpype_python.cpp:19:/anaconda3/envs/python36/lib/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin11.4.2/4.8.5/include-fixed/limits.h:168:61: fatal error: limits.h: No such file or directory#include_next <limits.h>  /* recurse down to the real one */^compilation terminated.error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1-----------------------------------

4.原因

根据日志，conda里面安装了非常旧版本的gcc（/anaconda3/envs/python36/lib/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin11.4.2/4.8.5），导致依赖项jpype编译失败。解决办法是在conda里卸载gcc，直接用mac系统的gcc。see stan-dev/pystan#550 (comment)

5.解决问题

# 单独安装一下jpype1
conda install -c conda-forge jpype1
# 再安装pyhanlp
pip install pyhanlp

6.结束