apt-get 安装失败：Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages

使用 apt-get install curl 命令安装 curl 失败，提示：

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:The following packages have unmet dependencies:curl : Depends: libcurl4 (= 7.58.0-2ubuntu3.16) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

解决方案

报错信息中有提到缺少依赖 libcurl4 ，所以使用 aptitude 命令查看为什么不能安装此依赖

首先安装 aptitude

apt-get install -y aptitude

使用命令查看不能安装的原因

aptitude why-not libcurl4# 打印输出
i   libcurl3 Conflicts libcurl4

可知有两个版本冲突，所以卸载冲突的 package 即可

apt-get remove libcurl3# 打印输出
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:mongodb-org-mongos mongodb-org-shell mongodb-org-tools
Use 'apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages will be REMOVED:libcurl3 mongodb-org mongodb-org-server
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 3 to remove and 86 not upgraded.
After this operation, 64.2 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
(Reading database ... 139019 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing mongodb-org (4.0.27) ...
Removing mongodb-org-server (4.0.27) ...
Removing libcurl3:amd64 (7.58.0-2ubuntu2) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.27-3ubuntu1.2) ...

由输出可知，是 mongoDB 依赖 libcurl3，所以建议安装这些软件时，使用 docker 安装，是应用环境隔离

再次安装 curl 即可

apt-get install -y curl

方案2，使用 apt-get -f 命令

apt-get -f install = apt-get install -f

是修复依赖关系(depends)的命令,就是假如你的系统上有某个package不满足依赖条件,这个命令就会自动修复,安装那个package依赖的package。

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