-写一个类:
class MyPer(BasePermission):message='您没有权限'def has_permission(self, request, view):# 取出当前登录用户user = request.user# 取出当前登录用户类型的中文tt = user.get_user_type_display()if user.user_type == 0:return Trueelse:return False
-局部使用permission_classes=[MyPer]
-全局使用在setting中"DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES":['app01.auth.MyPer'],

# utils/permission.pyclass SVIPPremission(object):message = "必须是SVIP才能访问"def has_permission(self,request,view):if request.user.user_type != 3:return Falsereturn Trueclass MyPremission(object):def has_permission(self,request,view):if request.user.user_type == 3:return Falsereturn True

#全局
REST_FRAMEWORK = {"DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES":['API.utils.auth.Authentication',],"DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES":['API.utils.permission.SVIPPremission'],
}

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from django.http import JsonResponse
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from API import models
from rest_framework.request import Request
from rest_framework import exceptions
from rest_framework.authentication import BaseAuthentication
from API.utils.permission import SVIPPremission,MyPremissionORDER_DICT = {1:{'name':'apple','price':15},2:{'name':'dog','price':100}
}def md5(user):import hashlibimport time#当前时间，相当于生成一个随机的字符串ctime = str(time.time())m = hashlib.md5(bytes(user,encoding='utf-8'))m.update(bytes(ctime,encoding='utf-8'))return m.hexdigest()class AuthView(APIView):'''用于用户登录验证'''authentication_classes = []      #里面为空，代表不需要认证permission_classes = []          #不里面为空，代表不需要权限def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):ret = {'code':1000,'msg':None}try:user = request._request.POST.get('username')pwd = request._request.POST.get('password')obj = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=user,password=pwd).first()if not obj:ret['code'] = 1001ret['msg'] = '用户名或密码错误'#为用户创建tokentoken = md5(user)#存在就更新，不存在就创建models.UserToken.objects.update_or_create(user=obj,defaults={'token':token})ret['token'] = tokenexcept Exception as e:ret['code'] = 1002ret['msg'] = '请求异常'return JsonResponse(ret)class OrderView(APIView):'''订单相关业务(只有SVIP用户才能看)'''def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):self.dispatch#request.user#request.authret = {'code':1000,'msg':None,'data':None}try:ret['data'] = ORDER_DICTexcept Exception as e:passreturn JsonResponse(ret)class UserInfoView(APIView):'''订单相关业务(普通用户和VIP用户可以看)'''permission_classes = [MyPremission,]    #不用全局的权限配置的话，这里就要写自己的局部权限def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):print(request.user)return HttpResponse('用户信息')

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from API.views import AuthView,OrderView,UserInfoViewurlpatterns = [path('admin/', admin.site.urls),path('api/v1/auth/',AuthView.as_view()),path('api/v1/order/',OrderView.as_view()),path('api/v1/info/',UserInfoView.as_view()),
]　

# API/utils/auth/pyfrom rest_framework import exceptions
from API import models
from rest_framework.authentication import BaseAuthenticationclass Authentication(BaseAuthentication):'''用于用户登录验证'''def authenticate(self,request):token = request._request.GET.get('token')token_obj = models.UserToken.objects.filter(token=token).first()if not token_obj:raise exceptions.AuthenticationFailed('用户认证失败')#在rest framework内部会将这两个字段赋值给request，以供后续操作使用return (token_obj.user,token_obj)def authenticate_header(self, request):pass

def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):"""`.dispatch()` is pretty much the same as Django's regular dispatch,but with extra hooks for startup, finalize, and exception handling."""self.args = argsself.kwargs = kwargs#对原始request进行加工，丰富了一些功能#Request(#     request,#     parsers=self.get_parsers(),#     authenticators=self.get_authenticators(),#     negotiator=self.get_content_negotiator(),#     parser_context=parser_context# )#request(原始request,[BasicAuthentications对象，])#获取原生request,request._request#获取认证类的对象，request.authticators#1.封装requestrequest = self.initialize_request(request, *args, **kwargs)self.request = requestself.headers = self.default_response_headers  # deprecate?try:#2.认证self.initial(request, *args, **kwargs)# Get the appropriate handler methodif request.method.lower() in self.http_method_names:handler = getattr(self, request.method.lower(),self.http_method_not_allowed)else:handler = self.http_method_not_allowedresponse = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)except Exception as exc:response = self.handle_exception(exc)self.response = self.finalize_response(request, response, *args, **kwargs)return self.response

def initial(self, request, *args, **kwargs):"""Runs anything that needs to occur prior to calling the method handler."""self.format_kwarg = self.get_format_suffix(**kwargs)# Perform content negotiation and store the accepted info on the requestneg = self.perform_content_negotiation(request)request.accepted_renderer, request.accepted_media_type = neg# Determine the API version, if versioning is in use.version, scheme = self.determine_version(request, *args, **kwargs)request.version, request.versioning_scheme = version, scheme# Ensure that the incoming request is permitted#4.实现认证self.perform_authentication(request)#5.权限判断self.check_permissions(request)self.check_throttles(request)

def check_permissions(self, request):"""Check if the request should be permitted.Raises an appropriate exception if the request is not permitted."""#[权限类的对象列表]for permission in self.get_permissions():if not permission.has_permission(request, self):self.permission_denied(request, message=getattr(permission, 'message', None))

 def get_permissions(self):"""Instantiates and returns the list of permissions that this view requires."""return [permission() for permission in self.permission_classes]

#全局
REST_FRAMEWORK = {"DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES":['API.utils.permission.SVIPPremission'],
}

class BasePermission(object):"""A base class from which all permission classes should inherit."""def has_permission(self, request, view):"""Return `True` if permission is granted, `False` otherwise."""return Truedef has_object_permission(self, request, view, obj):"""Return `True` if permission is granted, `False` otherwise."""return True

# utils/permission.pyfrom rest_framework.permissions import BasePermissionclass SVIPPremission(BasePermission):message = "必须是SVIP才能访问"def has_permission(self,request,view):if request.user.user_type != 3:return Falsereturn Trueclass MyPremission(BasePermission):def has_permission(self,request,view):if request.user.user_type == 3:return Falsereturn True

REST_FRAMEWORK = {#权限"DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES":['API.utils.permission.SVIPPremission'],
}