MYSQL 实时升级

（MYSQL 升级实验内容）

步骤如下：
准备一台新的服务器，安装mysql5.7 ,再把v5.7 mysql 添加到以v5.6 mysql 为主节点的主从架构集群中。
再进行主从切换。设置成mysql5.7 为主节点，这样就完成了MYSQL 的升级。

1、mysql 5.7.17 安装

2、配置成主从架构

3、主从节点切换

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.1.建立安装目录：

[root@mdw ~]# mkdir /opt/mysql/data /opt/mysql/log
   [root@mdw ~]# chown mysql:mysql /opt/mysql/data /opt/mysql/log
   [root@mdw ~]# ll /opt/mysql
   total 8
   drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Feb 23 18:34 data
   drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Feb 23 18:34 log

1.2.下载

安装支持库
       yum install gcc gcc-c++ -y
       yum install -y ncurses-devel.x86_64
       yum install -y cmake.x86_64
       yum install -y libaio.x86_64
       yum install -y bison.x86_64
       yum install -y gcc-c++.x86_64

下载mysql 5.7

wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
tar zxvf mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64

bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=basedir=/opt/mysql/mysql5.7.17 --datadir=/opt/mysql/data

vi /opt/mysql/mysql5.7.17/support-files/my-default.cnf
   basedir = /opt/mysql/mysql5.7.17
   datadir = /opt/mysql/data
   port = 3310
   server_id = 201710
   socket = /tmp/mysql3310.sock

[root@sdw2 mysql5.7.17]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=basedir=/opt/mysql/mysql5.7.17 --datadir=/opt/mysql/data
   2017-02-24T08:32:50.780034Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
   2017-02-24T08:32:50.796889Z 0 [ERROR] Can't find error-message file 'basedir=/opt/mysql/mysql5.7.17/share/errmsg.sys'. Check error-message file location and 'lc-messages-dir' configuration directive.
   2017-02-24T08:32:52.153749Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
   2017-02-24T08:32:52.463255Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
   2017-02-24T08:32:52.558447Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: d521c809-fa6b-11e6-9a40-000c291f5cce.
   2017-02-24T08:32:52.567667Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
   2017-02-24T08:32:52.568642Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 8qdO.tWgl,eJ
   [root@sdw2 mysql5.7.17]#

#修改 mysql.server，拷贝到系统目录中，后面可以使用mysql.server 来启动
   [root@sdw2 mysql5.7.17]# vi support-files/mysql.server
   [root@sdw2 mysql5.7.17]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
   [root@sdw2 mysql5.7.17]#

#启动实例
   [root@sdw2 mysql5.7.17]# bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
   [1] 12880
   [root@sdw2 mysql5.7.17]# 2017-02-24T08:36:28.391236Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/opt/mysql/data/sdw2.err'.
   Logging to '/opt/mysql/data/sdw2.err'.
   2017-02-24T08:36:28.475157Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /opt/mysql/data

[root@sdw2 mysql5.7.17]# ps -ef|grep mysqld
   root     12880 12581 0 00:36 pts/1    00:00:00 /bin/sh bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql
   mysql    13039 12880 8 00:36 pts/1    00:00:01 ./bin/mysqld --basedir=/opt/mysql/mysql5.7.17 --datadir=/opt/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/opt/mysql/mysql5.7.17/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/opt/mysql/data/sdw2.err --pid-file=/opt/mysql/data/sdw2.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql3310.sock --port=3310
   root     13072 12581 0 00:36 pts/1    00:00:00 grep mysqld
   [root@sdw2 mysql5.7.17]#

修改密码
bin/mysqladmin -u root password "sa123" -S /tmp/mysql3310.sock

#登录验证
   [root@sdw2 ~]# /opt/mysql/mysql5.7.17/bin/mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql3310.sock
   Enter password:
   Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
   Your MySQL connection id is 6
   Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

到此 5.7 版本MYSQL 安装完成

2.1 备份5.6 mysql，恢复数据到5.7mysql

2.1.1 建立备份用户

mysql> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repl'@'%' identified by 'repl123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.13 sec)

mysql>

2.2.2 备份数据

[root@mdw ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump --single-transaction --master-data=2 -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock --all-databases > ~/bak20170224
Enter password:

[root@mdw ~]# ll bak* -h
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 641K Feb 24 01:00 bak20170224
[root@mdw ~]#

2.2.3 拷贝文件到v5.7mysql 服务器中

[root@mdw ~]# scp bak20170224 root@192.168.2.236:/root/bak201724
   root@192.168.2.236's password:
   bak20170224                                                                                                                                                100% 640KB 640.3KB/s   00:00
   [root@mdw ~]#

2.2.4 恢复数据库

mysql> source /root/bak20170224
   ERROR:
   Failed to open file '/root/bak20170224', error: 2
   mysql> source /root/bak201724
   Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
   ........
   Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

#看到数据库已复制过来了。

2.3 配置主节点

change master to master_host='192.168.2.220',
   master_port=3306,
   master_user='repl',
   master_password='repl123',
   master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',
   master_log_pos=660824,
   master_connect_retry=30;

master_log_file 参数值可以从备份文件中查找到(vim /root/bak20170222 )

2.3.1 启动从节点

start slave;

2.3.2 确认同步状态

mysql> show slave status\G;
       *************************** 1. row ***************************
                       Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                          Master_Host: 192.168.2.220
                          Master_User: repl
                          Master_Port: 3306
                       Connect_Retry: 30
                      Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
                  Read_Master_Log_Pos: 660824
                       Relay_Log_File: sdw2-relay-bin.000002
                       Relay_Log_Pos: 317
               Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
                   Slave_IO_Running: Yes
                   Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
                      Replicate_Do_DB:
                  Replicate_Ignore_DB:
                   Replicate_Do_Table:
               Replicate_Ignore_Table:
              Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
          Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                           Last_Errno: 0
                           Last_Error:
                       Skip_Counter: 0
                  Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 660824
                      Relay_Log_Space: 523
                      Until_Condition: None
                       Until_Log_File:
                       Until_Log_Pos: 0
                   Master_SSL_Allowed: No
                   Master_SSL_CA_File:
                   Master_SSL_CA_Path:
                      Master_SSL_Cert:
                   Master_SSL_Cipher:
                       Master_SSL_Key:
               Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
       Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                       Last_IO_Errno: 0
                       Last_IO_Error:
                       Last_SQL_Errno: 0
                       Last_SQL_Error:
          Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
                   Master_Server_Id: 201701
                          Master_UUID: 746786d5-f7fb-11e6-a3e8-000c29601c12
                   Master_Info_File: /opt/mysql/data/master.info
                           SQL_Delay: 0
                  SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
              Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
                   Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                          Master_Bind:
              Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
           Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
                       Master_SSL_Crl:
                   Master_SSL_Crlpath:
                   Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
                   Executed_Gtid_Set:
                       Auto_Position: 0
               Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
                       Channel_Name:
                   Master_TLS_Version:
       1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:
No query specified

2.3.3 验证主从架构是否正常

mysql> status slave;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'status slave' at line 1
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.2.220
                  Master_User: repl
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 30
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 660824
               Relay_Log_File: sdw2-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 317
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB:
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 660824
              Relay_Log_Space: 523
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error:
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Master_Server_Id: 201701
                  Master_UUID: 746786d5-f7fb-11e6-a3e8-000c29601c12
             Master_Info_File: /opt/mysql/data/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind:
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
               Master_SSL_Crl:
           Master_SSL_Crlpath:
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
            Executed_Gtid_Set:
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
                 Channel_Name:
           Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:
No query specified

2.3.4 主节点插入数据

mysql> use erp;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
       mysql> show tables;
       +---------------+
       | Tables_in_erp |
       +---------------+
       | test1         |
       +---------------+
       1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from test1;
       +------+---------------+
       | id   | name          |
       +------+---------------+
       |    1 | test1         |
       |    2 | test2         |
       |    3 | test 3 update |
       |    3 | test 3 update |
       |    3 | test 3 update |
       +------+---------------+
       5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into test1 values(4,'test 4 end');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.17 sec)

mysql> system ifconfig;
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:60:1C:12
inet addr:192.168.2.220 Bcast:192.168.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

2.3.5 从节点查询数据

mysql> use erp;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
       mysql> select * from test1;
       +------+---------------+
       | id   | name          |
       +------+---------------+
       |    1 | test1         |
       |    2 | test2         |
       |    3 | test 3 update |
       |    3 | test 3 update |
       |    3 | test 3 update |
       +------+---------------+
       5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from test1;
       +------+---------------+
       | id   | name          |
       +------+---------------+
       |    1 | test1         |
       |    2 | test2         |
       |    3 | test 3 update |
       |    3 | test 3 update |
       |    3 | test 3 update |
       |    4 | test 4 end    |
       +------+---------------+
       6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> system ifconfig
       eth1      Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:1F:5C:CE
                  inet addr:192.168.2.236 Bcast:192.168.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
                  inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe1f:5cce/64 Scope:Link
                  UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1

3.主从切换

3.1 设置主节点为只读

mysql> set global read_only=on;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>

3.2 应用连接到从节点

只要应用连接数据库的字串，修改为： 3310 这个实例即可

到此mysql 升级已完成