springboot学习笔记（四）

springboot配置文件及yml的使用

1.配置文件

作用：springboot自动配置是基于约定的，可以使用配置文件对默认的配置或约定进行修改

默认的全局配置文件：

①application.properties ：

写法：k=v

示例：

server.port = 8880

②application.yml ：yml不是一个标记文档

写法：k:空格v

示例：

server:

port: 8880

path: a\b\c

yml里面默认可以不写引号，“”（双引号）会将其中的转义符转义，其他不转义

xml是一个标记文档：

</server>

2.yml的使用

①创建一个student类（Student.class）

package com.example.bean;import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component //将javabean放入spring容器内
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "student")//spring-boot 提供@ConfigurationProperties注解将配置文件的值映射到类上使用
public class Student {private String name;private int age;private boolean sex;private Date birthday;private Map<String,Object> location;private String[] habbies;private List<String> skills;private Pet pet;public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public int getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}public boolean isSex() {return sex;}public void setSex(boolean sex) {this.sex = sex;}public Date getBirthday() {return birthday;}public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {this.birthday = birthday;}public Map<String, Object> getLocation() {return location;}public void setLocation(Map<String, Object> location) {this.location = location;}public String[] getHabbies() {return habbies;}public void setHabbies(String[] habbies) {this.habbies = habbies;}public List<String> getSkills() {return skills;}public void setSkills(List<String> skills) {this.skills = skills;}public Pet getPet() {return pet;}public void setPet(Pet pet) {this.pet = pet;}public Student(String name, int age, boolean sex, Date birthday, Map<String, Object> location, String[] habbies,List<String> skills, Pet pet) {super();this.name = name;this.age = age;this.sex = sex;this.birthday = birthday;this.location = location;this.habbies = habbies;this.skills = skills;this.pet = pet;}public Student() {super();}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Student [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", sex=" + sex + ", birthday=" + birthday + ", habbies="+ Arrays.toString(habbies) + ", skills=" + skills + ", pet=" + pet + "]";}}

②创建Pet类（Pet.class）

package com.example.bean;public class Pet {private String nickname;private String strain;public String getNickname() {return nickname;}public void setNickname(String nickname) {this.nickname = nickname;}public String getStrain() {return strain;}public void setStrain(String strain) {this.strain = strain;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Pet [nickname=" + nickname + ", strain=" + strain + "]";}public Pet(String nickname, String strain) {super();this.nickname = nickname;this.strain = strain;}public Pet() {super();}}

③编写yml文件（application.yml）

student: #简单类型name: djkage: 20sex: truebirthday: 2000/07/15#map类型：location: #写法2：province: sdcity: wfzone: sg#写法1：{province: sd,city: wf,zone: sg} 行内写法#数组类型：habbies: [篮球,兵乓球,书法] #行内写法#- 篮球#- 兵乓球#- 书法#集合类型：skills: [计算机,编程,springboot] #行内写法#- 计算机#- 编程#- springboot#类 类型Pet:#写法2{nickname: xiaobai,strain: jiwawa} #写法1#nickname: xiaobai#strain: jiwawa

④测试

package com.example.SpringbootDemo;import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;import com.example.bean.Student;@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@EnableConfigurationProperties(Student.class)//3.通过@Autowired标签即可访问到该对象，不过在使用之前必须在使用类上面增加注解@EnableConfigurationProperties
public class SpringbootDemoApplicationTests {@AutowiredStudent student;@Testpublic void contextLoads() {System.out.println(student);}}

注解

1. @EnableConfigurationProperties(Student.class)

通过@Autowired标签即可访问到该对象，不过在使用之前必须在使用类上面增加注解@EnableConfigurationProperties

2. @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "student")

spring-boot 提供@ConfigurationProperties注解将配置文件的值映射到类上使用