Linux源码安装Mysql5.7

1.下载软件包
进入到mysql官网下载自己对应版本的mysql，
下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads
我这里下载mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar版本
将下载好的源码压缩包上传至：/home目录下
（新建虚拟机时磁盘没有规划，导致home目录磁盘空间比较大，所以将mysql安装在home目录下）

2.检查卸载
安装前，我们可以检测系统是否自带安装 MySQL:

[root@localhost home]# rpm -qa | grep mysql

如有，类似 mysql-libs-5.1.52-1.el6_0.1.x86_64那可以选择进行卸载:

rpm -e mysql-libs-5.1.52-1.el6_0.1.x86_64　　// 普通删除模式
rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.52-1.el6_0.1.x86_64　　// 强力删除模式，如果使用上面命令删除时，提示有依赖的其它文件，则用该命令可以对其进行强力删除

检查否存在 mariadb 数据库，如有，卸载之，卸载同上

[root@localhost home]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb

如有，类似mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
则卸载rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64

3.安装
（1）安装源文件版本：mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
进入 /home, 解压源码文件，并重新命名mysql-5.7

[root@localhost homel]#tar -xf  mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
[root@localhost homel]# mv  mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  mysql-5.7

（2）创建数据文件mkdir data

[root@localhost homel]# cd mysql-5.7
[root@localhost mysql-5.7]#mkdir data

（3）检查mysql组和用户是否存在，如无创建

[root@localhost mysql-5.7]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql
#类似
mysql:x:490:
[root@localhost mysql-5.7]# cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql
#类似
mysql:x:496:490::/home/mysql:/bin/bash

以上为存在的情况，如无，执行添加命令：groupadd mysql 和 useradd -r -g mysql mysql

[root@localhost mysql-5.7]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost mysql-5.7]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql

#useradd -r参数表示mysql用户是系统用户，不可用于登录系统

（4）将/home/mysql-5.7的所有者及所属组改为mysql

[root@localhost mysql-5.7]# chown -R mysql.mysql /home/mysql-5.7
[root@localhost mysql-5.7]# chown -R mysql.mysql /home/mysql-5.7/data
[root@localhost mysql-5.7]# chown -R mysql /home/mysql-5.7/data
[root@localhost mysql-5.7]# chown -R mysql /home/mysql-5.7
[root@localhost mysql-5.7]# chmod -R 755 /home/mysql-5.7

（5）在/home/mysql-5.7/support-files目录下创建my_default.cnf

[mysqldump]
user =root
password =123456[mysqld]
basedir=/home/mysql-5.7
datadir=/home/mysql-5.7/data
user = mysql
log-bin=/home/mysql-5.7/mysql-bin
#binlog-do-db=test
#binlog-ignore-db=mysqlserver-id=4
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
max_connections=4096
max_connect_errors = 1024
socket=/home/mysql-5.7/mysql.sock
log-error=/home/mysql5.7/mysqld.log
pid-file=/home/mysql5.7/mysqld.pidsql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTIONevent_scheduler=1
back_log=500
#数据库连接闲置最大时间值为30分钟
wait_timeout=1800
#禁止MySQL对外部连接进行DNS解析
skip-name-resolve#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size=100M#thread_concurrency=32
#MySql读入缓冲区大小
read_buffer_size=4M
#临时表的大小为32M
tmp_table_size=32M#max_allowed_packet = 500M
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
#关闭大小写
lower_case_table_names=1#innodb_flush_log_trx_commit=0#log-error=/home/mysqld.log#interactive_timeout=216000
#wait_timeout=216000
#二进制日志自动删除的天数
#expire_logs_days=15
#binlog_format=mixed#log-bin-trust-function-creators=1
#event_scheduler = 1#log_timestamps=SYSTEM
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 130023424
innodb_buffer_pool_size=4294967296
#group_concat_max_len = 20480
#sync_binlog = 100

拷贝my_default.cnf文件到/etc/my.cnf如果提示是否覆盖，y

[root@localhost support-files]# cp my_default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp：是否覆盖"/etc/my.cnf"？ y

（6）修改mysql.server文件
进入/home/mysql-5.7/support-files目录修改mysql.server,修改内容如下找到mysqld_pid_file_path=修改MySQL的安装路径及数据路径

# The following variables are only set for letting mysql.server find things.# Set some defaults
mysqld_pid_file_path=
if test -z "$basedir"
thenbasedir=/home/mysql-5.7bindir=/home/mysql-5.7/binif test -z "$datadir"thendatadir=/home/mysql-5.7/datafisbindir=/home/mysql-5.7/binlibexecdir=/home/mysql-5.7/bin
elsebindir="$basedir/bin"if test -z "$datadir"thendatadir="$basedir/data"fisbindir="$basedir/sbin"libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi

（7）把启动脚本放到开机初始化目录。
进入/home/mysql-5.7/support-files目录下执行cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@localhost support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

（8）初始化 mysqld
进入到/home/mysql-5.7执行./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/home/mysql-5.7/ --datadir=/home/mysql-5.7/data/

[root@localhost mysql-5.7]#./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/home/mysql-5.7/ --datadir=/home/mysql-5.7/data/

（9）找出初始密码
初始化完成之后进入/home/mysql-5.7/data，查看cat mysqld.log日志找出随机生成mysql数据库登录的临时密码

[root@localhost data]# cat mysqld.log
2022-01-21T14:02:25.896593Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-01-21T14:02:25.896962Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_ZERO_DATE', 'NO_ZERO_IN_DATE' and 'ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO' sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
2022-01-21T14:02:25.896973Z 0 [Warning] 'NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER' sql mode was not set.
2022-01-21T14:02:26.710078Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-01-21T14:02:26.791482Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-01-21T14:02:26.902798Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: caa64450-54b2-11ea-8c3c-000c2923d700.
2022-01-21T14:02:26.904801Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-01-21T14:02:28.091585Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-01-21T14:02:28.293469Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: s7kh.#l8%O6p

找出临时密码：2022-01-21T14:02:28.293469Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: s7kh.#l8%O6p密码就是：s7kh.#l8%O6p 记住密码随后登陆需要

（10）启动mysql服务
service mysql start

[root@localhost data]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

（11）登录mysql

进入/home/mysql-5.7/bin执行./mysql -u root -p登录mysql，密码为初始密码

配置文件中的socket路径做下软连接

[root@localhost data]ln -s  /home/mysql-5.7/mysql.sock   /tmp/mysql.sock

（12）修改密码
set password=password(‘密码’);

mysql> set password=password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

（13）授权root权限使得外部地址使用root登陆
grant all privileges on . to root@’%’ identified by ‘123456’;

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

（14）刷新权限：flush privileges;

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

（15）声明环境变量

[root@localhost home] vim  /etc/profile
#末尾添加一行
export PATH=$PATH:/home/mysql-5.7/bin[root@localhost home] source  /etc/profile

参考文档：
https://blog.csdn.net/iT_MaNongking/article/details/104453370

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