visual studio 2019与c语言生成纯色与随机条纹bmp图片并转化为jpg格式

visual studio 2019与c语言生成纯色与随机条纹bmp图片并转化为jpg格式（可用于图片生成，插入与测试，主要难点在于压缩图片，图片间不同格式的相互转化）

生成纯色代码如下：


#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define w 200
#define h 200
#define MAX_SIZE 1024 * 1024 * 64
#pragma warning(disable:4996)void WriteBMP(char* img, const char* filename)
{int l = (w * 3 + 3) / 4 * 4;int bmi[] = { l * h + 54,0,54,40,w,h,1 | 3 * 8 << 16,0,l * h,0,0,100,0 };FILE* fp = fopen(filename, "wb");fprintf(fp, "BM");fwrite(&bmi, 52, 1, fp);fwrite(img, 1, l * h, fp);fclose(fp);
}
int main()
{char img[w * h * 3];char rgb[3] = {0};int iBmpBit = 3;for (int i = 0; i < w  ; i++) {                    rgb[0] = 0;rgb[1] = 0;rgb[2] = 225;for (int ii = 1; ii < h; ii++) {int ntmp = (h - 1 - i) * iBmpBit * w + (ii)*iBmpBit;for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)img[ntmp + j] = rgb[j];}}WriteBMP(img, "test.bmp");system("test.bmp");return 0;
}

效果如图：

生成随机条纹代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define w 200
#define h 200
#define MAX_SIZE 1024 * 1024 * 64
#pragma warning(disable:4996)void WriteBMP(char* img, const char* filename)
{int l = (w * 3 + 3) / 4 * 4;int bmi[] = { l * h + 54,0,54,40,w,h,1 | 3 * 8 << 16,0,l * h,0,0,100,0 };FILE* fp = fopen(filename, "wb");fprintf(fp, "BM");fwrite(&bmi, 52, 1, fp);fwrite(img, 1, l * h, fp);fclose(fp);
}
int main()
{char img[w * h * 3];char rgb[3] = {0};int iBmpBit = 3;for (int i = 0; i < w  ; i++) { rgb[0] =  rand() % 256; rgb[1] =  rand() % 256;rgb[2] =  rand() % 256;       for (int ii = 1; ii < h; ii++) {int ntmp = (h - 1 - i) * iBmpBit * w + (ii)*iBmpBit;for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++)img[ntmp + j] = rgb[j];}}WriteBMP(img, "test.bmp");system("test.bmp");return 0;
}

效果如下图：

将bmp转化为jpg格式的代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>#pragma warning(disable:4996)//BMP像素结构体
typedef struct {unsigned char B, G, R;
}colorRGB;typedef struct {unsigned char B, G, R, a;
}colorRGBa;typedef struct {unsigned char length;unsigned short int value;
}bitstring;#define PI 3.1415926//写入文件操作
#define writebyte(b) fputc((b), fp_jpg)
#define writeword(w) writebyte((w)/256);writebyte((w)%256);colorRGB* RGB_buf; // 24位
colorRGBa* RGBa_buf; // 32位
signed short int ximage, yimage; //图片的长和宽
FILE* fp_jpg;   //打开jpg文件//二进制编码
static bitstring* code_u;
static bitstring* code_d; //长度以及编码//存储YCbCr
static signed char YDU[64];
static signed char CbDU[64];
static signed char CrDU[64];static signed short int D2[64];//存储z型编码后的值static unsigned char bytecode = 0;
static signed char bytepos = 8;//JPG头SOI1
//图像识别信息2
static struct APP0
{unsigned short int marker;            //段标识和类型FFE0unsigned short int length;            // 段长度 16unsigned char JFIFsignature[5];  // 存储ASCII码 "JFIF",'\0'unsigned char versionhi;         // 主版本号1unsigned char versionlo;         // 次版本号1unsigned char xyunits;           // 密度单位 0(无单位)unsigned short int xdensity;          // 水平方向的密度 1unsigned short int ydensity;          // 垂直方向的密度 1unsigned char thumbnwidth;       // 略缩图水平像素数目0unsigned char thumbnheight;      // 略缩图垂直像素数目0
}APP0info = { 0xFFE0,16,'J','F','I','F',0,1,1,0,1,1,0,0 };
//定义量化表3
static struct DQT {unsigned short int marker;   // 段标识和类型 0xFFDBunsigned short int length;   // 段长度unsigned char QTYinfo;  // 亮度QT值 00unsigned char Ytable[64];//内容unsigned char QTCbinfo; // 色度QT值 01unsigned char Cbtable[64];
} DQTinfo;
//图像基本信息SOF0  4
static struct  SOF0 {unsigned short int marker; //段标识和类型 0xFFC0unsigned short int length; // 段长度 17unsigned char precision;// 每个样本的位数unsigned short int height;   //图片高度unsigned short int width;     //图片宽度unsigned char nrofcomponents;//组件数量 3unsigned char IdY;  // 亮度= 1unsigned char HVY; // 采样系数 高位标识水平采样系数，低位表示垂直采样系数unsigned char QTY;  // 量化表号 0unsigned char IdCb; // 红色分量= 2unsigned char HVCb;unsigned char QTCb; // 1unsigned char IdCr; // 蓝色分量= 3unsigned char HVCr;unsigned char QTCr; // Normally equal to QTCb = 1
} SOF0info = { 0xFFC0,17,8,0,0,3,1,0x11,0,2,0x11,1,3,0x11,1 };
//定义huffman表 5
static struct DHT {unsigned short int marker;  //段标识和类型 0xFFC4unsigned short int length;  //段长度 19+n+....unsigned char HTYDCinfo; // 低4位HT号 第5位HT类型 高3位为0unsigned char YDC_codes[16]; //HT位表unsigned char YDC_values[12];// HT值表unsigned char HTYACinfo; // = 0x10unsigned char YAC_codes[16];unsigned char YAC_values[162];unsigned char HTCbDCinfo; // = 1unsigned char CbDC_codes[16];unsigned char CbDC_values[12];unsigned char HTCbACinfo; //  = 0x11unsigned char CbAC_codes[16];unsigned char CbAC_values[162];
} DHTinfo;
//扫描行开始  6
static struct SOS {unsigned short int marker;  //段标识和类型 0xFFDAunsigned short int length; //长度 12unsigned char nrofcomponents; // 扫描行内组件数量 通常为3unsigned char IdY; //1unsigned char HTY; //低4位是AC表号，高4位是DC表号unsigned char IdCb; //2unsigned char HTCb; //0x11unsigned char IdCr; //3unsigned char HTCr; //0x11unsigned char Ss, Se, Bf; // not interesting, they should be 0,63,0
} SOSinfo = { 0xFFDA,12,3,1,0,2,0x11,3,0x11,0,0x3F,0 };//亮度量化表
static unsigned char DQT_Y[64] = {0x08, 0x06, 0x06, 0x07, 0x06, 0x05, 0x08, 0x07,0x07, 0x07, 0x09, 0x09, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x0c, 0x14,0x0d, 0x0c, 0x0b, 0x0b, 0x0c, 0x19, 0x12, 0x13,0x0f, 0x14, 0x1d, 0x1a, 0x1f, 0x1e, 0x1d, 0x1a,0x1c, 0x1c, 0x20, 0x24, 0x2e, 0x27, 0x20, 0x22,0x2c, 0x23, 0x1c, 0x1c, 0x28, 0x37, 0x29, 0x2c,0x30, 0x31, 0x34, 0x34, 0x34, 0x1f, 0x27, 0x39,0x3d, 0x38, 0x32, 0x3c, 0x2e, 0x33, 0x34, 0x32
};
//色差量化表
static unsigned char DQT_C[64] = {0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x0c, 0x0b, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x0d,0x0d, 0x18, 0x32, 0x21, 0x1c, 0x21, 0x32, 0x32,0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32,0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32,0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32,0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32,0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32,0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32, 0x32
};//标准huffman表
static unsigned char dc_y_codes[17] = { 0,0,1,5,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 };
static unsigned char dc_y_values[12] = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 };static unsigned char dc_cb_codes[17] = { 0,0,3,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0 };
static unsigned char dc_cb_values[12] = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 };static unsigned char ac_y_codes[17] = { 0,0,2,1,3,3,2,4,3,5,5,4,4,0,0,1,0x7d };
static unsigned char ac_y_values[162] = {0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x00, 0x04, 0x11, 0x05, 0x12,0x21, 0x31, 0x41, 0x06, 0x13, 0x51, 0x61, 0x07,0x22, 0x71, 0x14, 0x32, 0x81, 0x91, 0xa1, 0x08,0x23, 0x42, 0xb1, 0xc1, 0x15, 0x52, 0xd1, 0xf0,0x24, 0x33, 0x62, 0x72, 0x82, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x16,0x17, 0x18, 0x19, 0x1a, 0x25, 0x26, 0x27, 0x28,0x29, 0x2a, 0x34, 0x35, 0x36, 0x37, 0x38, 0x39,0x3a, 0x43, 0x44, 0x45, 0x46, 0x47, 0x48, 0x49,0x4a, 0x53, 0x54, 0x55, 0x56, 0x57, 0x58, 0x59,0x5a, 0x63, 0x64, 0x65, 0x66, 0x67, 0x68, 0x69,0x6a, 0x73, 0x74, 0x75, 0x76, 0x77, 0x78, 0x79,0x7a, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87, 0x88, 0x89,0x8a, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97, 0x98,0x99, 0x9a, 0xa2, 0xa3, 0xa4, 0xa5, 0xa6, 0xa7,0xa8, 0xa9, 0xaa, 0xb2, 0xb3, 0xb4, 0xb5, 0xb6,0xb7, 0xb8, 0xb9, 0xba, 0xc2, 0xc3, 0xc4, 0xc5,0xc6, 0xc7, 0xc8, 0xc9, 0xca, 0xd2, 0xd3, 0xd4,0xd5, 0xd6, 0xd7, 0xd8, 0xd9, 0xda, 0xe1, 0xe2,0xe3, 0xe4, 0xe5, 0xe6, 0xe7, 0xe8, 0xe9, 0xea,0xf1, 0xf2, 0xf3, 0xf4, 0xf5, 0xf6, 0xf7, 0xf8,0xf9, 0xfa };static unsigned char ac_cb_codes[17] = { 0,0,2,1,2,4,4,3,4,7,5,4,4,0,1,2,0x77 };
static unsigned char ac_cb_values[162] = {0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x11, 0x04, 0x05, 0x21,0x31, 0x06, 0x12, 0x41, 0x51, 0x07, 0x61, 0x71,0x13, 0x22, 0x32, 0x81, 0x08, 0x14, 0x42, 0x91,0xa1, 0xb1, 0xc1, 0x09, 0x23, 0x33, 0x52, 0xf0,0x15, 0x62, 0x72, 0xd1, 0x0a, 0x16, 0x24, 0x34,0xe1, 0x25, 0xf1, 0x17, 0x18, 0x19, 0x1a, 0x26,0x27, 0x28, 0x29, 0x2a, 0x35, 0x36, 0x37, 0x38,0x39, 0x3a, 0x43, 0x44, 0x45, 0x46, 0x47, 0x48,0x49, 0x4a, 0x53, 0x54, 0x55, 0x56, 0x57, 0x58,0x59, 0x5a, 0x63, 0x64, 0x65, 0x66, 0x67, 0x68,0x69, 0x6a, 0x73, 0x74, 0x75, 0x76, 0x77, 0x78,0x79, 0x7a, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87,0x88, 0x89, 0x8a, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96,0x97, 0x98, 0x99, 0x9a, 0xa2, 0xa3, 0xa4, 0xa5,0xa6, 0xa7, 0xa8, 0xa9, 0xaa, 0xb2, 0xb3, 0xb4,0xb5, 0xb6, 0xb7, 0xb8, 0xb9, 0xba, 0xc2, 0xc3,0xc4, 0xc5, 0xc6, 0xc7, 0xc8, 0xc9, 0xca, 0xd2,0xd3, 0xd4, 0xd5, 0xd6, 0xd7, 0xd8, 0xd9, 0xda,0xe2, 0xe3, 0xe4, 0xe5, 0xe6, 0xe7, 0xe8, 0xe9,0xea, 0xf2, 0xf3, 0xf4, 0xf5, 0xf6, 0xf7, 0xf8,0xf9, 0xfa };//z型编码
static unsigned char z[64] = { 0, 1, 5, 6,14,15,27,28,2, 4, 7,13,16,26,29,42,3, 8,12,17,25,30,41,43,9,11,18,24,31,40,44,53,10,19,23,32,39,45,52,54,20,22,33,38,46,51,55,60,21,34,37,47,50,56,59,61,35,36,48,49,57,58,62,63 };//按位取值表
static unsigned short int mark[16] = { 1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,256,512,1024,2048,4096,8192,16384,32768 };void writefile(bitstring a)
{unsigned short int values = a.value;signed char leng_a = a.length;while (leng_a > 0){if (values & mark[leng_a - 1]) //判断对应位置是否为1bytecode |= mark[bytepos - 1];//当前最高位至1leng_a--;bytepos--;if (bytepos <= 0){if (bytecode == 0xff){writebyte(0xff);writebyte(0x00);//说明ff不是段标志}elsewritebyte(bytecode);bytecode = 0;bytepos = 8;}}
}void code_and_write(signed short int* DC, bitstring* DCtable, bitstring* ACtable)
{signed short int diff;unsigned char endpos, startpos, i = 1, nz;diff = D2[0] - *DC; //差值*DC = D2[0];//写入直流值if (diff == 0)writefile(DCtable[0]); //写入0的huffman编码else{writefile(DCtable[code_d[diff].length]);//写入diff长度的huffman编码writefile(code_d[diff]); //写入二进制编码}//写入交流值for (endpos = 63; (endpos > 0) && (D2[endpos] == 0); --endpos);if (endpos == 0){writefile(ACtable[0x00]);return;}while (i <= endpos){startpos = i;for (; (D2[i] == 0) && (i <= endpos); ++i);nz = i - startpos;for (; nz >= 16; nz -= 16)//长度大于16需要分多块writefile(ACtable[0xf0]);writefile(ACtable[nz * 16 + code_d[D2[i]].length]);writefile(code_d[D2[i]]);++i;}if (endpos != 63)writefile(ACtable[0x00]);   //EOB
}void DCT(signed char data[8][8], unsigned char* fdtbl, signed short int* outdata)
{float output[8][8], temp;double ALPHA, BETA;short u = 0;short v = 0;short i = 0;short j = 0;for (u = 0; u < 8; u++){for (v = 0; v < 8; v++){if (u == 0)ALPHA = sqrt(1.0 / 8);elseALPHA = sqrt(2.0 / 8);if (v == 0)BETA = sqrt(1.0 / 8);elseBETA = sqrt(2.0 / 8);float tmp = 0.0;for (i = 0; i < 8; i++){for (j = 0; j < 8; j++){tmp += data[i][j] * cos((2 * i + 1) * u * PI / (2.0 * 8)) * cos((2 * j + 1) * v * PI / (2.0 * 8));}}output[u][v] = ALPHA * BETA * tmp;}}// 量化for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)for (j = 0; j < 8; j++){temp = output[i][j] / (float)((double)fdtbl[z[i * 8 + j]]);outdata[i * 8 + j] = (signed short int) ((signed short int)(temp + 16384.5) - 16384);}
}void fdct_and_quan(signed char* data, unsigned char* table)
{float temp;signed short int D1[64];signed char mdata[8][8];unsigned char i, j;//离散余弦变换for (i = 0; i < 8; ++i)for (j = 0; j < 8; ++j)mdata[i][j] = data[8 * i + j];DCT(mdata, table, D1);//z型编码for (i = 0; i <= 63; i++)D2[z[i]] = D1[i];
}void RGBtoYCbCr(unsigned short int x1, unsigned short int y1)
{unsigned char x, y;unsigned char pos = 0;unsigned long location;unsigned char R, G, B;location = y1 * ximage + x1;for (y = 0; y < 8; y++){for (x = 0; x < 8; x++){R = RGB_buf[location].R;G = RGB_buf[location].G;B = RGB_buf[location].B;YDU[pos] = (signed char)(((signed long int)(65536 * 0.299 + 0.5) * R + (signed long int)(65536 * 0.587 + 0.5) * G + (signed long int)(65536 * 0.114 + 0.5) * B) >> 16) - 128;CbDU[pos] = (signed char)(((signed long int)(65536 * -0.16874 + 0.5) * R + (signed long int)(65536 * -0.33726 + 0.5) * G + (signed long int)(65536 * 0.5 + 0.5) * B) >> 16);CrDU[pos] = (signed char)(((signed long int)(65536 * 0.5 + 0.5) * R + (signed long int)(65536 * -0.41869 + 0.5) * G + (signed long int)(65536 * -0.08131 + 0.5) * B) >> 16);location++; pos++;}location += ximage - 8;}
}void leng_and_numbercode()
{signed long int n;signed long int one = 1, two = 2;unsigned char leng;//开辟空间code_u = (bitstring*)malloc(65535 * sizeof(bitstring));if (code_u == NULL){printf("存储空间开辟失败");exit(0);}code_d = code_u + 32767;for (leng = 1; leng <= 15; ++leng){for (n = one; n < two; ++n){code_d[n].length = leng;code_d[n].value = (unsigned short int)n;}for (n = -(two - 1); n <= -one; ++n){code_d[n].length = leng;code_d[n].value = (unsigned short int)(two - 1 + n);}two <<= 1;one <<= 1;}
}void huffman_code(unsigned char* codes, unsigned char* values, bitstring* HT)
{unsigned char k, j;unsigned char pos = 0;unsigned short int codevalue = 0;for (k = 1; k <= 16; ++k){for (j = 1; j <= codes[k]; ++j){HT[values[pos]].value = codevalue; //编码值HT[values[pos]].length = k;     //长度pos++;codevalue++;}codevalue *= 2;}
}void code_all()
{//huffman编码表bitstring YDC[12];bitstring CbDC[12];bitstring YAC[256];bitstring CbAC[256];//计算各项的huffman表huffman_code(dc_y_codes, dc_y_values, YDC);huffman_code(dc_cb_codes, dc_cb_values, CbDC);huffman_code(ac_y_codes, ac_y_values, YAC);huffman_code(ac_cb_codes, ac_cb_values, CbAC);//二进制长度以及编码leng_and_numbercode();bitstring fillbit;signed short int DCY = 0, DCCb = 0, DCCr = 0;//直流系数unsigned short int x, y;//8*8一组进行处理for (y = 0; y < yimage; y += 8)for (x = 0; x < ximage; x += 8){//printf("1"); //测试RGBtoYCbCr(x, y);//RGB->YCbCrfdct_and_quan(YDU, DQTinfo.Ytable);//离散余弦和量化,z型编码code_and_write(&DCY, YDC, YAC);//编码并写入fdct_and_quan(CbDU, DQTinfo.Cbtable);code_and_write(&DCCb, CbDC, CbAC);fdct_and_quan(CrDU, DQTinfo.Cbtable);code_and_write(&DCCr, CbDC, CbAC);//printf("2");}//尾部填充0并写入尾部if (bytepos > 0){fillbit.length = bytepos;fillbit.value = 0;writefile(fillbit);}writeword(0xffd9);//EOI//释放空间free(RGB_buf);free(RGBa_buf);fclose(fp_jpg);}void writetop()
{unsigned char i;//1.SOIwriteword(0xFFD8)//2.APP0writeword(APP0info.marker);writeword(APP0info.length);writebyte('J');writebyte('F');writebyte('I');writebyte('F');writebyte(0);writebyte(APP0info.versionhi);writebyte(APP0info.versionlo);writebyte(APP0info.xyunits);writeword(APP0info.xdensity);writeword(APP0info.ydensity);writebyte(APP0info.thumbnwidth);writebyte(APP0info.thumbnheight);//3.DQTwriteword(DQTinfo.marker);writeword(DQTinfo.length);writebyte(DQTinfo.QTYinfo);for (i = 0; i < 64; i++)writebyte(DQTinfo.Ytable[i]);writebyte(DQTinfo.QTCbinfo);for (i = 0; i < 64; i++)writebyte(DQTinfo.Cbtable[i]);//4.SOF0writeword(SOF0info.marker);writeword(SOF0info.length);writebyte(SOF0info.precision);writeword(SOF0info.height);writeword(SOF0info.width);writebyte(SOF0info.nrofcomponents);writebyte(SOF0info.IdY);writebyte(SOF0info.HVY);writebyte(SOF0info.QTY);writebyte(SOF0info.IdCb);writebyte(SOF0info.HVCb);writebyte(SOF0info.QTCb);writebyte(SOF0info.IdCr);writebyte(SOF0info.HVCr);writebyte(SOF0info.QTCr);//5.DHTwriteword(DHTinfo.marker);writeword(DHTinfo.length);writebyte(DHTinfo.HTYDCinfo);for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)writebyte(DHTinfo.YDC_codes[i]);for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++)writebyte(DHTinfo.YDC_values[i]);writebyte(DHTinfo.HTYACinfo);for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)writebyte(DHTinfo.YAC_codes[i]);for (i = 0; i <= 161; i++)writebyte(DHTinfo.YAC_values[i]);writebyte(DHTinfo.HTCbDCinfo);for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)writebyte(DHTinfo.CbDC_codes[i]);for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++)writebyte(DHTinfo.CbDC_values[i]);writebyte(DHTinfo.HTCbACinfo);for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)writebyte(DHTinfo.CbAC_codes[i]);for (i = 0; i <= 161; i++)writebyte(DHTinfo.CbAC_values[i]);//6.SOSwriteword(SOSinfo.marker);writeword(SOSinfo.length);writebyte(SOSinfo.nrofcomponents);writebyte(SOSinfo.IdY);writebyte(SOSinfo.HTY);writebyte(SOSinfo.IdCb);writebyte(SOSinfo.HTCb);writebyte(SOSinfo.IdCr);writebyte(SOSinfo.HTCr);writebyte(SOSinfo.Ss);writebyte(SOSinfo.Se);writebyte(SOSinfo.Bf);
}void init_JPG_and_writ(char* JPG_filename)
{fp_jpg = fopen(JPG_filename, "wb");//打开jpg文件int i;//初始化量化表DQTinfo.marker = 0xFFDB;DQTinfo.length = 132;DQTinfo.QTYinfo = 0;DQTinfo.QTCbinfo = 1;for (i = 0; i < 64; ++i){DQTinfo.Ytable[i] = DQT_Y[i];DQTinfo.Cbtable[i] = DQT_C[i];}//初始化huffman表DHTinfo.marker = 0xFFC4;DHTinfo.length = 0x01A2;DHTinfo.HTYDCinfo = 0; //0号直流表for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)DHTinfo.YDC_codes[i] = dc_y_codes[i + 1];for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++)DHTinfo.YDC_values[i] = dc_y_values[i];DHTinfo.HTYACinfo = 0x10; //0号交流表for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)DHTinfo.YAC_codes[i] = ac_y_codes[i + 1];for (i = 0; i <= 161; i++)DHTinfo.YAC_values[i] = ac_y_values[i];DHTinfo.HTCbDCinfo = 1; //1号直流表for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)DHTinfo.CbDC_codes[i] = dc_cb_codes[i + 1];for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++)DHTinfo.CbDC_values[i] = dc_cb_values[i];DHTinfo.HTCbACinfo = 0x11; //1号交流表for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)DHTinfo.CbAC_codes[i] = ac_cb_codes[i + 1];for (i = 0; i <= 161; i++)DHTinfo.CbAC_values[i] = ac_cb_values[i];writetop(); //写入文件头
}void bmp(char* bmp_name)
{unsigned short int x8, y8; //拓展长度signed short int y2, a = 0; //用于处理倒序unsigned char fillbytes; //可被4整除colorRGB lastcolor;unsigned short int column, nrline, line_up, line_down;unsigned char TOPBUF[256]; //存取头部信息colorRGB* tmpline; //用于交换FILE* fp_bmp = fopen(bmp_name, "rb");//打开文件if (fp_bmp == NULL){printf("文件打开失败！");exit(0);}//读取文件头部信息fread(TOPBUF, 1, 54, fp_bmp);if ((TOPBUF[0] != 'B') || (TOPBUF[1] != 'M')){printf("文件不是BMP格式！");exit(0);}//图片长和宽ximage = (unsigned short int)TOPBUF[19] * 256 + TOPBUF[18];//图片长度和宽度y2 = (short int)TOPBUF[23] * 256 + TOPBUF[22];yimage = y2;//长度负值处理if (y2 <= 0){a = 1;yimage = -y2;}SOF0info.width = ximage;SOF0info.height = yimage;if (ximage % 8 != 0)x8 = (ximage / 8) * 8 + 8;elsex8 = ximage;if (yimage % 8 != 0)y8 = (yimage / 8) * 8 + 8;elsey8 = yimage;//建立并存储,填充每一行，转换为RGBRGB_buf = (colorRGB*)(malloc(3 * x8 * y8));if (RGB_buf == NULL){printf("存储创建失败！");exit(0);}//处理32位if (TOPBUF[28] == 32){RGBa_buf = (colorRGBa*)(malloc(4 * x8 * y8));if (RGBa_buf == NULL){printf("存储创建失败！");exit(0);}for (nrline = 0; nrline < yimage; nrline++){fread(RGBa_buf + nrline * x8, 1, ximage * 4, fp_bmp);memcpy(&lastcolor, RGBa_buf + nrline * x8 + ximage - 1, 4);for (column = ximage; column < x8; column++)memcpy(RGBa_buf + nrline * x8 + column, &lastcolor, 4);}for (unsigned long int n = 0; n < x8 * yimage; ++n){//转换为RGBRGB_buf[n].B = RGBa_buf[n].B;RGB_buf[n].G = RGBa_buf[n].G;RGB_buf[n].R = RGBa_buf[n].R;}}//处理24位else if (TOPBUF[28] == 24){//判断有无填充if (ximage % 4 != 0)fillbytes = 4 - (ximage % 4);elsefillbytes = 0;for (nrline = 0; nrline < yimage; nrline++){fread(RGB_buf + nrline * x8, 1, ximage * 3, fp_bmp);fread(TOPBUF, 1, fillbytes, fp_bmp);memcpy(&lastcolor, RGB_buf + nrline * x8 + ximage - 1, 3);for (column = ximage; column < x8; column++)memcpy(RGB_buf + nrline * x8 + column, &lastcolor, 3);}}else{printf("信息错误！");exit(0);}ximage = x8;tmpline = (colorRGB*)malloc(ximage * 8);if (tmpline == NULL){printf("存储创建失败！");exit(0);}//是否需要逆序处理if (a == 0){for (line_up = yimage - 1, line_down = 0; line_up > line_down; line_up--, line_down++){memcpy(tmpline, RGB_buf + line_up * ximage, ximage * 3);memcpy(RGB_buf + line_up * ximage, RGB_buf + line_down * ximage, ximage * 3);memcpy(RGB_buf + line_down * ximage, tmpline, ximage * 3);}}//填充行memcpy(tmpline, RGB_buf + (yimage - 1) * ximage, ximage * 3);for (nrline = yimage; nrline < y8; nrline++)memcpy(RGB_buf + nrline * ximage, tmpline, ximage * 3);yimage = y8;free(tmpline);fclose(fp_bmp);}int main()
{int mm = 2;printf("                =========功能：将BMP格式图片转换为JPG格式=========\n");while (mm != 1){printf("\n");//输入文件名称char BMP_filename[64];char JPG_filename[64];printf("输入要压缩的BMP格式的图片名称：");scanf("%s", BMP_filename);printf("输入压缩完成后JPG格式的图片名称：");scanf("%s", JPG_filename);bmp(BMP_filename);//读入bmp信息init_JPG_and_writ(JPG_filename);//初始化JPG格式并写入code_all(); //综合变换并写入printf("\n");printf("输入'1'退出，输入任意数字继续：");scanf("%d", &mm);}return 0;
}

执行时输入文件的具体路径和替换的图片名称即可。整个过程相当于制作不同格式的图片并相互转化。图片格式转化来源于其它博客，属于转载，其余为修改和原创。

无论如何，这是属于文件操作，主要的痛点在于熟悉文件格式，比如bmp，jpg以及PNG等等，颜色的操作和识别也是一门功课，所以整理集合两份代码，利于大家研究与学习，谢谢阅读。

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visual studio 2019与c语言生成纯色与随机条纹bmp图片并转化为jpg格式

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