Linux SSH无密登录配置

防爬虫段落。本文原作者为Veeja.Liu，作者论坛站点为https://liuweijia.blog.csdn.net
防爬虫段落。本文原作者为Veeja.Liu，作者论坛站点为https://liuweijia.blog.csdn.net
防爬虫段落。本文原作者为Veeja.Liu，作者论坛站点为https://liuweijia.blog.csdn.net

现在拥有三台机器，130,131,132。

cat /etc/hosts
# 对应的IP地址和主机名称如下：192.168.181.130 hadoop-130192.168.181.131 hadoop-131192.168.181.132 hadoop-132

1. SSH登录

基本语法：

ssh 另一台主机的IP地址或者主机名称

例如：

# 我们现在是131主机，登录到130，使用 ssh hadoop-131
[root@hadoop-131 home]# ssh hadoop-130
The authenticity of host 'hadoop-130 (192.168.181.130)' can’t be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:KNGme99uGE4dsbS1NSPYMEEVM8bb4XQYLxRXHjmuD5w.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:37:d9:2e:8d:85:43:36:5c:70:31:ce:ee:19:3c:71:1c.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?   # 输入yesWarning: Permanently added 'hadoop-130,192.168.181.130' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@hadoop-130's password: # 输入密码Last login: Tue Oct 12 15:43:09 2021 from 192.168.181.1
[root@hadoop-130 ~]#
# 这里可以看到，我们已经处在 130 的CMD里面了。

退出到本机：

[root@hadoop-130 ~]# exit
logout
Connection to hadoop-130 closed.
[root@hadoop-131 home]#

2. 配置无密钥配置

我们在131上，生成一个密钥，使用ssh-kengen命令(中间需要输入三个回车)：

[root@hadoop-131 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):    # 输入回车
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):                 # 输入回车
Enter same passphrase again:                                # 输入回车
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:RSf8RIYGtVY/6c3QnYXL7+J3oULoCMfaPfZI0YKR11Q root@hadoop-131
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|        .+++*E ..|
|        ..**...o+|
|       o o++ .=oo|
|        +o. ..o= |
|      ..So..  ..o|
|     . o .o.   ..|
|      = +..   ...|
|     . o.=.. .. +|
|        ..o....o.|
+----[SHA256]-----+
[root@hadoop-131 ~]#

将公钥发送到目标机器上：

[root@hadoop-131 ~]# ssh-copy-id hadoop-132
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host 'hadoop-132 (192.168.181.132)' can‘t be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:KNGme99uGE4dsbS1NSPYMEEVM8bb4XQYLxRXHjmuD5w.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:37:d9:2e:8d:85:43:36:5c:70:31:ce:ee:19:3c:71:1c.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes # 这里需要输入yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@hadoop-132’s password:  # 这里需要输入132的密码Number of key(s) added: 1Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'hadoop-132'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.[root@hadoop-131 ~]#

添加成功了，我们接下来尝试使用ssh访问132主机。

[root@hadoop-131 ~]# ssh hadoop-132
Last login: Tue Oct 12 00:43:10 2021 from 192.168.181.1
# 这里可以看到，不需要输入密码，我们就已经登录到该主机上了。
[root@hadoop-132 ~]# exit
logout
Connection to hadoop-132 closed.
[root@hadoop-131 ~]#

END.

By Veeja.Liu

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Linux SSH无密登录配置

Linux SSH无密登录配置

1. SSH登录

2. 配置无密钥配置

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