2019-12-07 IP header的结构由RFC 791定义

IP header的结构由RFC 791定义，如图(第一行每个数字代表一个bit位)：0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+|Version|  IHL  |Type of Service|          Total Length         |+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+|         Identification        |Flags|      Fragment Offset    |+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+|  Time to Live |    Protocol   |         Header Checksum       |+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+|                       Source Address                          |+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+|                    Destination Address                        |+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+|                    Options                    |    Padding    |+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
然后TCP header的结构是由RFC 793定义的：0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+|          Source Port          |       Destination Port        |+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+|                        Sequence Number                        |+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+|                    Acknowledgment Number                      |+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+|  Data |           |U|A|P|R|S|F|                               || Offset| Reserved  |R|C|S|S|Y|I|            Window             ||       |           |G|K|H|T|N|N|                               |+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+|           Checksum            |         Urgent Pointer        |+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+|                    Options                    |    Padding    |+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

摘自：

https://www.binarytides.com/raw-sockets-c-code-linux/
https://www.binarytides.com/raw-socket-programming-in-python-linux/
https://wordpress.youran.me/python-raw-socket-programming/

/*Raw TCP packetsSilver Moon (m00n.silv3r@gmail.com)
*/
#include<stdio.h>   //for printf
#include<string.h> //memset
#include<sys/socket.h>  //for socket ofcourse
#include<stdlib.h> //for exit(0);
#include<errno.h> //For errno - the error number
#include<netinet/tcp.h> //Provides declarations for tcp header
#include<netinet/ip.h>  //Provides declarations for ip header/* 96 bit (12 bytes) pseudo header needed for tcp header checksum calculation
*/
struct pseudo_header
{u_int32_t source_address;u_int32_t dest_address;u_int8_t placeholder;u_int8_t protocol;u_int16_t tcp_length;
};/*Generic checksum calculation function
*/
unsigned short csum(unsigned short *ptr,int nbytes)
{register long sum;unsigned short oddbyte;register short answer;sum=0;while(nbytes>1) {sum+=*ptr++;nbytes-=2;}if(nbytes==1) {oddbyte=0;*((u_char*)&amp;oddbyte)=*(u_char*)ptr;sum+=oddbyte;}sum = (sum>>16)+(sum &amp; 0xffff);sum = sum + (sum>>16);answer=(short)~sum;return(answer);
}int main (void)
{//Create a raw socketint s = socket (PF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_TCP);if(s == -1){//socket creation failed, may be because of non-root privilegesperror("Failed to create socket");exit(1);}//Datagram to represent the packetchar datagram[4096] , source_ip[32] , *data , *pseudogram;//zero out the packet buffermemset (datagram, 0, 4096);//IP headerstruct iphdr *iph = (struct iphdr *) datagram;//TCP headerstruct tcphdr *tcph = (struct tcphdr *) (datagram + sizeof (struct ip));struct sockaddr_in sin;struct pseudo_header psh;//Data partdata = datagram + sizeof(struct iphdr) + sizeof(struct tcphdr);strcpy(data , "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ");//some address resolutionstrcpy(source_ip , "192.168.1.2");sin.sin_family = AF_INET;sin.sin_port = htons(80);sin.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr ("1.2.3.4");//Fill in the IP Headeriph->ihl = 5;iph->version = 4;iph->tos = 0;iph->tot_len = sizeof (struct iphdr) + sizeof (struct tcphdr) + strlen(data);iph->id = htonl (54321);    //Id of this packetiph->frag_off = 0;iph->ttl = 255;iph->protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;iph->check = 0;     //Set to 0 before calculating checksumiph->saddr = inet_addr ( source_ip );   //Spoof the source ip addressiph->daddr = sin.sin_addr.s_addr;//Ip checksumiph->check = csum ((unsigned short *) datagram, iph->tot_len);//TCP Headertcph->source = htons (1234);tcph->dest = htons (80);tcph->seq = 0;tcph->ack_seq = 0;tcph->doff = 5; //tcp header sizetcph->fin=0;tcph->syn=1;tcph->rst=0;tcph->psh=0;tcph->ack=0;tcph->urg=0;tcph->window = htons (5840);    /* maximum allowed window size */tcph->check = 0;    //leave checksum 0 now, filled later by pseudo headertcph->urg_ptr = 0;//Now the TCP checksumpsh.source_address = inet_addr( source_ip );psh.dest_address = sin.sin_addr.s_addr;psh.placeholder = 0;psh.protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;psh.tcp_length = htons(sizeof(struct tcphdr) + strlen(data) );int psize = sizeof(struct pseudo_header) + sizeof(struct tcphdr) + strlen(data);pseudogram = malloc(psize);memcpy(pseudogram , (char*) &amp;psh , sizeof (struct pseudo_header));memcpy(pseudogram + sizeof(struct pseudo_header) , tcph , sizeof(struct tcphdr) + strlen(data));tcph->check = csum( (unsigned short*) pseudogram , psize);//IP_HDRINCL to tell the kernel that headers are included in the packetint one = 1;const int *val = &amp;one;if (setsockopt (s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, val, sizeof (one)) < 0){perror("Error setting IP_HDRINCL");exit(0);}//loop if you want to flood :)while (1){//Send the packetif (sendto (s, datagram, iph->tot_len , 0, (struct sockaddr *) &amp;sin, sizeof (sin)) < 0){perror("sendto failed");}//Data send successfullyelse{printf ("Packet Send. Length : %d \n" , iph->tot_len);}}return 0;
}//Complete

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2019-12-07 IP header的结构由RFC 791定义

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