我的工程师爸爸 - 音频应用DIY系列之六：录音棚

女儿：爸爸，我最近迷上了翻唱，哎，只是可惜~

爸爸：可惜啥？？

女儿：可惜这么好听的声音不能跟别人一起分享。

爸爸：作为麦霸还有这种苦恼？

女儿：现场唱当然没问题，但总不能想要分享的时候就拉着朋友们去K歌吧。

爸爸：也是。

女儿：所以我想要的效果是把翻唱歌曲的伴奏和我的唱音一起录制保存成CD或mp3。就像在录音棚里录歌那样。

爸爸：明白。爸爸试试给你做个recording studio。

女儿：这么厉害？期待期待！

<思路>

女儿收藏的mp3歌曲都是带原唱的作品，第一个要解决的问题是去原唱，转成伴音。sox里有个oops效果器可以完成这个任务。
接着，需要将女儿的唱音（即麦克风录音）跟伴音做混合，存成文件。
- 这里有个唱音跟伴音同步的问题。可以在唱音路径和伴音路径上各加一个延时器，调音师通过调节这两个延时器来让唱音跟伴音同步。
- 调音师需要能够听到唱伴混合的最终效果，所以需要设计一路最终播放到调音师的耳机。
- 歌手需要只听到伴奏的声音，所以需要设计一路伴奏音播放到歌手的耳机。

<代码实现>

MyEngineerDaddy_6.cpp

#include <lark/lark.h>
#include <klogging.h>#if defined(__APPLE__)
#define SUFIX ".dylib"
#elif defined(_WIN32)
#define SUFIX ".dll"
#else
#define SUFIX ".so"
#endifint main()
{const unsigned int rate = 44100;const lark::SampleFormat format = lark::SampleFormat::S16_LE;const unsigned int chNum = 2;const unsigned int frameDuration_ms = 20;const lark::samples_t frameSizeInSamples = frameDuration_ms * rate / 1000;// Create the playback route named RouteAlark::Route *route = lark::Lark::Instance().NewRoute("RouteA");if (!route) {KLOGE("Failed to create route");return -1;}// Create RouteA's blocksconst char *soFileName = "libblkfilereader" SUFIX;lark::Parameters args;args.push_back("./original_song-44100_16_2.pcm");lark::Block *blkFileReader = route->NewBlock(soFileName, true, false, args);if (!blkFileReader) {KLOGE("Failed to new a block from %s", soFileName);return -1;}soFileName = "libblkformatadapter" SUFIX;lark::Block *blkFormatAdapter0 = route->NewBlock(soFileName, false, false);if (!blkFormatAdapter0) {KLOGE("Failed to new a block from %s", soFileName);return -1;}soFileName = "libblkformatadapter" SUFIX;lark::Block *blkFormatAdapter1 = route->NewBlock(soFileName, false, false);if (!blkFormatAdapter1) {KLOGE("Failed to new a block from %s", soFileName);return -1;}soFileName = "libblksoxeffect" SUFIX;args.clear();args.push_back("oops");lark::Block *blkSoxOops = route->NewBlock(soFileName, false, false, args);if (!blkSoxOops) {KLOGE("Failed to new a block from %s", soFileName);return -1;}soFileName = "libblkduplicator" SUFIX;lark::Block *blkDuplicator1 = route->NewBlock(soFileName, false, false);if (!blkDuplicator1) {KLOGE("Failed to new a block from %s", soFileName);return -1;}soFileName = "libblkduplicator" SUFIX;lark::Block *blkDuplicator0 = route->NewBlock(soFileName, false, false);if (!blkDuplicator0) {KLOGE("Failed to new a block from %s", soFileName);return -1;}soFileName = "libblkpaplayback" SUFIX;lark::Block *blkPlayback0 = route->NewBlock(soFileName, false, true);if (!blkPlayback0) {KLOGE("Failed to new a block from %s", soFileName);return -1;}soFileName = "libblkpaplayback" SUFIX;lark::Block *blkPlayback1 = route->NewBlock(soFileName, false, true);if (!blkPlayback1) {KLOGE("Failed to new a block from %s", soFileName);return -1;}soFileName = "libblkpacapture" SUFIX;lark::Block *blkCapture = route->NewBlock(soFileName, true, false);if (!blkCapture) {KLOGE("Failed to new a block from %s", soFileName);return -1;}soFileName = "libblkdelay" SUFIX;lark::Block *blkDelay0 = route->NewBlock(soFileName, false, false);if (!blkDelay0) {KLOGE("Failed to new a block from %s", soFileName);return -1;}soFileName = "libblkdelay" SUFIX;lark::Block *blkDelay1 = route->NewBlock(soFileName, false, false);if (!blkDelay1) {KLOGE("Failed to new a block from %s", soFileName);return -1;}soFileName = "libblkmixer" SUFIX;lark::Block *blkMixerL = route->NewBlock(soFileName, false, false);if (!blkMixerL) {KLOGE("Failed to new a block from %s", soFileName);return -1;}soFileName = "libblkdeinterleave" SUFIX;lark::Block *blkDeinterleave = route->NewBlock(soFileName, false, false);if (!blkDeinterleave) {KLOGE("Failed to new a block from %s", soFileName);return -1;}soFileName = "libblkmixer" SUFIX;lark::Block *blkMixerR = route->NewBlock(soFileName, false, false);if (!blkMixerR) {KLOGE("Failed to new a block from %s", soFileName);return -1;}soFileName = "libblkinterleave" SUFIX;lark::Block *blkInterleave = route->NewBlock(soFileName, false, false);if (!blkInterleave) {KLOGE("Failed to new a block from %s", soFileName);return -1;}soFileName = "libblkfilewriter" SUFIX;args.clear();args.push_back("./covered_song-44100_16_2.pcm");lark::Block *blkFileWriter = route->NewBlock(soFileName, false, true, args);if (!blkFileWriter) {KLOGE("Failed to new a block from %s", soFileName);return -1;}// Create RouteA's linksif (!route->NewLink(rate, format, chNum, frameSizeInSamples, blkFileReader, 0, blkFormatAdapter0, 0)) {KLOGE("Failed to new a link");return -1;}if (!route->NewLink(rate, lark::SampleFormat_S32, chNum, frameSizeInSamples, blkFormatAdapter0, 0, blkSoxOops, 0)) {KLOGE("Failed to new a link");return -1;}if (!route->NewLink(rate, lark::SampleFormat_S32, chNum, frameSizeInSamples, blkSoxOops, 0, blkDuplicator1, 0)) {KLOGE("Failed to new a link");return -1;}if (!route->NewLink(rate, lark::SampleFormat_S32, chNum, frameSizeInSamples, blkDuplicator1, 0, blkPlayback1, 0)) {KLOGE("Failed to new a link");return -1;}if (!route->NewLink(rate, lark::SampleFormat_S32, chNum, frameSizeInSamples, blkDuplicator1, 1, blkDelay1, 0)) {KLOGE("Failed to new a link");return -1;}if (!route->NewLink(rate, lark::SampleFormat_S32, 1, frameSizeInSamples, blkCapture, 0, blkDelay0, 0)) {KLOGE("Failed to new a link");return -1;}if (!route->NewLink(rate, lark::SampleFormat_S32, chNum, frameSizeInSamples, blkDelay1, 0, blkDeinterleave, 0)) {KLOGE("Failed to new a link");return -1;}if (!route->NewLink(rate, lark::SampleFormat_S32, 1, frameSizeInSamples, blkDeinterleave, 0, blkMixerL, 1)) {KLOGE("Failed to new a link");return -1;}if (!route->NewLink(rate, lark::SampleFormat_S32, 1, frameSizeInSamples, blkDeinterleave, 1, blkMixerR, 1)) {KLOGE("Failed to new a link");return -1;}if (!route->NewLink(rate, lark::SampleFormat_S32, 1, frameSizeInSamples, blkDelay0, 0, blkDuplicator0, 0)) {KLOGE("Failed to new a link");return -1;}if (!route->NewLink(rate, lark::SampleFormat_S32, 1, frameSizeInSamples, blkDuplicator0, 0, blkMixerL, 0)) {KLOGE("Failed to new a link");return -1;}if (!route->NewLink(rate, lark::SampleFormat_S32, 1, frameSizeInSamples, blkDuplicator0, 1, blkMixerR, 0)) {KLOGE("Failed to new a link");return -1;}if (!route->NewLink(rate, lark::SampleFormat_S32, 1, frameSizeInSamples, blkMixerL, 0, blkInterleave, 0)) {KLOGE("Failed to new a link");return -1;}if (!route->NewLink(rate, lark::SampleFormat_S32, 1, frameSizeInSamples, blkMixerR, 0, blkInterleave, 1)) {KLOGE("Failed to new a link");return -1;}if (!route->NewLink(rate, lark::SampleFormat_S32, chNum, frameSizeInSamples, blkInterleave, 0, blkPlayback0, 0)) {KLOGE("Failed to new a link");return -1;}if (!route->NewLink(rate, lark::SampleFormat_S32, chNum, frameSizeInSamples, blkInterleave, 1, blkFormatAdapter1, 0)) {KLOGE("Failed to new a link");return -1;}if (!route->NewLink(rate, lark::SampleFormat_S16, chNum, frameSizeInSamples, blkFormatAdapter1, 0, blkFileWriter, 0)) {KLOGE("Failed to new a link");return -1;}// Start() or Stop()if (route->Start() < 0) {KLOGE("Failed to start route");return -1;}while (1) {KLOGA("Press 's' to stop, 'p' to play, 'q' to exit");
again:char c;if (scanf("%c", &c) != 1)break;if (c == '\n')goto again;if (c == 's') {route->Stop();} else if (c == 'p') {route->Start();} else if (c == 'q') {break;}}// Automatically release resourcesreturn 0;
}

<编译运行>

$ g++ -lklogging -llark MyEngineerDaddy_6.cpp -o MyEngineerDaddy_6

女儿跟爸爸一起带上耳机。运行程序：

$ ./MyEngineerDaddy_6
06-23 20:44:20.464254 I | Created RouteA
06-23 20:44:20.465689 I | RouteA: blkfilereader_0: Created
06-23 20:44:20.466330 I | RouteA: blkformatadapter_0: Created
06-23 20:44:20.466500 I | RouteA: blkformatadapter_1: Created
06-23 20:44:20.479798 I | RouteA: blksoxeffect_oops_0: Created
06-23 20:44:20.480521 I | RouteA: blkduplicator_0: Created
06-23 20:44:20.480679 I | RouteA: blkduplicator_1: Created
06-23 20:44:20.481479 I | RouteA: blkpaplayback_0: Created
06-23 20:44:20.481626 I | RouteA: blkpaplayback_1: Created
06-23 20:44:20.482203 I | RouteA: blkpacapture_0: Created
06-23 20:44:20.482768 I | RouteA: blkdelay_0: Created
06-23 20:44:20.482881 I | RouteA: blkdelay_1: Created
06-23 20:44:20.483394 I | RouteA: blkmixer_0: Created
06-23 20:44:20.483877 I | RouteA: blkdeinterleave_0: Created
06-23 20:44:20.483970 I | RouteA: blkmixer_1: Created
06-23 20:44:20.484438 I | RouteA: blkinterleave_0: Created
06-23 20:44:20.484944 I | RouteA: blkfilewriter_0: Created
06-23 20:44:20.484982 I | RouteA: lnk_0: Created blkfilereader_0(O00) --> (I00)blkformatadapter_0
06-23 20:44:20.485131 I | RouteA: lnk_1: Created blkformatadapter_0(O00) --> (I00)blksoxeffect_oops_0
06-23 20:44:20.485158 I | RouteA: lnk_2: Created blksoxeffect_oops_0(O00) --> (I00)blkduplicator_0
06-23 20:44:20.537353 I | RouteA: lnk_3: Created blkduplicator_0(O00) --> (I00)blkpaplayback_1
06-23 20:44:20.537433 I | RouteA: lnk_4: Created blkduplicator_0(O01) --> (I00)blkdelay_1
06-23 20:44:20.541395 I | RouteA: lnk_5: Created blkpacapture_0(O00) --> (I00)blkdelay_0
06-23 20:44:20.541438 I | RouteA: lnk_6: Created blkdelay_1(O00) --> (I00)blkdeinterleave_0
06-23 20:44:20.541467 I | RouteA: lnk_7: Created blkdeinterleave_0(O00) --> (I01)blkmixer_0
06-23 20:44:20.541483 I | RouteA: lnk_8: Created blkdeinterleave_0(O01) --> (I01)blkmixer_1
06-23 20:44:20.541499 I | RouteA: lnk_9: Created blkdelay_0(O00) --> (I00)blkduplicator_1
06-23 20:44:20.541513 I | RouteA: lnk_10: Created blkduplicator_1(O00) --> (I00)blkmixer_0
06-23 20:44:20.541528 I | RouteA: lnk_11: Created blkduplicator_1(O01) --> (I00)blkmixer_1
06-23 20:44:20.541551 I | RouteA: lnk_12: Created blkmixer_0(O00) --> (I00)blkinterleave_0
06-23 20:44:20.541573 I | RouteA: lnk_13: Created blkmixer_1(O00) --> (I01)blkinterleave_0
06-23 20:44:20.543547 I | RouteA: lnk_14: Created blkinterleave_0(O00) --> (I00)blkpaplayback_0
06-23 20:44:20.543578 I | RouteA: lnk_15: Created blkinterleave_0(O01) --> (I00)blkformatadapter_1
06-23 20:44:20.543602 I | RouteA: lnk_16: Created blkformatadapter_1(O00) --> (I00)blkfilewriter_0
06-23 20:44:20.544356 I | RouteA: Started
06-23 20:44:20.544370 I | RouteA: Status is RUNNING
06-23 20:44:20.544388 A | Press 's' to stop, 'p' to play, 'q' to exit

此时女儿耳机响起了去掉原声的伴奏，同时爸爸耳机响起了伴奏加女儿话筒声音的混合。

开始试音！女儿跟着伴奏唱了起来，爸爸仔细地听着伴奏和人声是否同步，当感觉人声比伴奏快时，就将人声那路的延时器(blkdelay_0)调多一点延时；

$ lkdb setparam RouteA blkdelay_0 1 150000   # 人声那路延时150毫秒
Success

当感觉伴奏比人声快时，就将伴奏那路的延时器(blkdelay_1)调多一点延时。

$ lkdb setparam RouteA blkdelay_1 1 240000   # 伴音那路延时240毫秒
Success

最终确定了一个完美同步的延时值为：伴奏那路需要延时476毫秒。

试音结束，正式录音！
在程序中延时器刚被创建后的位置，添加一行初始延时值的参数设定：

route->SetParameter(blkDelay1, 1, 476000);  // 伴奏那路延时476毫秒

再次编译运行程序。

女儿对着麦克风把整首歌完美地演唱完成。伴奏结束，翻唱的录音文件被blkfilewriter_0自动保存成了./covered_song-44100_16_2.pcm。

爸爸：最后用sox工具把pcm文件转成mp3文件。完成！

女儿：哈哈，我听听我听听！

爸爸：（开始播放mp3）

女儿：嘻嘻，真的是我的翻唱版本耶！

爸爸：还不赖，期待你更多的作品。

女儿：好嘞！

lark项目地址：https://gitee.com/wksuper/lark-release

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