最近在测试FTP服务器，上传和下载的速度与很多因数有关，其中，硬盘的读取速度就是其中不同的区别点，我同时用了三台不用的服务器架设FTP服务,一台是出来ftp服务外还含平台其他管理软件，一台是全新的系统，只使用FTP服务；另外一个是安装了固态硬盘的演示机器(外星人机器，一个小方盒子，听过价格将近1w)。

查看硬盘的读取速度：

hdparm -t /dev/sda:解释，这个的sda是安装Ubuntu系统的根目录的挂载点。

不同的机器挂载点不一样

首先DF查看

三台服务器分别为：

最早安装那台服务器的根目录挂载点为：/dev/sda1；

另外两台分别为：/dev/dm-0和/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root(外星人)

相对应的查看他们的读速度则要改为：hdparm -t /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root

硬盘数量、大小：sudo fdisk -l |grep "Disk /dev/sd"

硬盘型号：sudo hdparm -i /dev/sda |grep "Model"

其他参考点

linux下怎样查看硬盘型号和硬盘序列号

hdparm -i /dev/hda

显示硬盘的相关设置

[root@cnscn ~]# hdparm /dev/sda

/dev/sda:

IO_support = 0 (default 16-bit)

readonly = 0 (off)

readahead = 256 (on)

geometry = 19929［柱面数］/255［磁头数］/63［扇区数］, sectors = 320173056［总扇区数］, start = 0［起始扇区数］

.显示硬盘的柱面、磁头、扇区数

[root@cnscn ~]# hdparm -g /dev/sda

/dev/sda:

geometry = 19929［柱面数］/255［磁头数］/63［扇区数］, sectors = 320173056［总扇区数］, start = 0［起始扇区数］

.评估硬盘的读取效率

[root@cnscn ~]# hdparm -t /dev/sda

/dev/sda:

Timing buffered disk reads: 166 MB in 3.03 seconds = 54.85 MB/sec

[root@cnscn ~]# hdparm -t /dev/sda

/dev/sda:  www.2cto.com

Timing buffered disk reads: 160 MB in 3.01 seconds = 53.11 MB/sec

[root@cnscn ~]# hdparm -t /dev/sda

/dev/sda:

Timing buffered disk reads: 166 MB in 3.00 seconds = 55.31 MB/sec

.评估硬盘快取的读取效率

[root@cnscn ~]# hdparm -T /dev/sda

/dev/sda:

Timing cached reads: 3784 MB in 2.00 seconds = 1894.60 MB/sec

[root@cnscn ~]# hdparm -T /dev/sda

/dev/sda:

Timing cached reads: 3816 MB in 2.00 seconds = 1909.06 MB/sec

[root@cnscn ~]# hdparm -T /dev/sda

/dev/sda:

Timing cached reads: 3728 MB in 2.00 seconds = 1866.29 MB/sec

.检测IDE硬盘的电源管理模式

[root@cnscn ~]# hdparm -C /dev/sda

/dev/sda:

drive state is: standby [省电模式]

.显示IDE硬盘的内定硬件规格

[root@cnscn ~]# hdparm -i /dev/sda

.直接检测硬盘的硬件规格

[root@cnscn ~]# hdparm -I /dev/sda

/dev/sda:

ATA device, with non-removable media

Model Number: Maxtor 6B160M0

Serial Number: B404PTJH

Firmware Revision: BANC1BM0

Standards:

Supported: 7 6 5 4

Likely used: 7

Configuration:

Logical max current

cylinders 16383 16383

heads 16 16

sectors/track 63 63

–  www.2cto.com

CHS current addressable sectors: 16514064

LBA user addressable sectors: 268435455

LBA48 user addressable sectors: 320173056

device size with M = 1024*1024: 156334 MBytes

device size with M = 1000*1000: 163928 MBytes (163 GB)

Capabilities:

LBA, IORDY(can be disabled)

Queue depth: 32

Standby timer values: spec’d by Standard, no device specific minimum

R/W multiple sector transfer: Max = 16 Current = 16

Advanced power management level: unknown setting (0×0000)

Recommended acoustic management value: 192, current value: 254

DMA: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6

Cycle time: min=120ns recommended=120ns

PIO: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4

Cycle time: no flow control=120ns IORDY flow control=120ns

Commands/features:

Enabled Supported:

* NOP cmd

* READ BUFFER cmd

* WRITE BUFFER cmd

* Host Protected Area feature set

* Look-ahead

* Write cache

* Power Management feature set

Security Mode feature set

* SMART feature set

* FLUSH CACHE EXT command

* Mandatory FLUSH CACHE command

* Device Configuration Overlay feature set

* 48-bit Address feature set

* Automatic Acoustic Management feature set

SET MAX security extension  www.2cto.com

Advanced Power Management feature set

* DOWNLOAD MICROCODE cmd

* General Purpose Logging feature set

* SMART self-test

* SMART error logging

Security:

Master password revision code = 65534

supported

not enabled

not locked

not frozen

not expired: security count

not supported: enhanced erase

Checksum: correct

.检测并设置IDE硬盘的32位I/O模式

检测

[root@cnscn ~]# hdparm -c /dev/sda

/dev/sda:

IO_support = 0 (default 16-bit) ［默认16位I／O］

设置

[root@cnscn ~]# hdparm -c 1 /dev/sda

.检测并设置IDE硬盘的DMA模式

[root@cnscn ~]# hdparm -d /dev/sda

/dev/sda:

…  www.2cto.com

[root@cnscn ~]# hdparm -d 1 /dev/sda

.检测读取文件时，预先存入快取的扇区数

[root@cnscn ~]# hdparm -a /dev/sda

/dev/sda:

readahead = 256 (on)

.查询并设置硬盘多重扇区存取的扇区数，以增进硬盘的存取效率

[root@cnscn ~]# hdparm -m /dev/sda

[root@cnscn ~]# hdparm -m 参数值为整数值如8 /dev/sda

.将内顾虑缓冲的数据写入硬盘，并清除缓冲区的数据

[root@cnscn ~]# hdparm -f /dev/sda