对于mongoDB而言，学习方式和学习关系型数据库差不太多

開始都是学习怎样insert、find、update、remove，然后就是分页、排序、索引，再接着就是主从复制、副本集、分片等等

最后就是通过它提供的各个驱动（比方Java、PHP、node.js等等）来练习所谓的高级使用方法

另外：相对于Oracle有PLSQL Developer，MySQL有HeidiSQL

mongoDB也不例外，它的图形化工具中有一款叫做mongoVUE的，我用的是1.5.3破解版（不是每15天就得改一次注冊表的那种）

以下演示的就是以Java为例，常见的操作mongoDB API使用方法

package com.jadyer.test;import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;import org.bson.types.ObjectId;
import org.junit.AfterClass;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;
import com.mongodb.DB;
import com.mongodb.DBCollection;
import com.mongodb.DBCursor;
import com.mongodb.DBObject;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.WriteResult;
import com.mongodb.util.JSON;/*** mongoDB的Java驱动測试* @see ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------* @see 配置* @see 1)下载https://fastdl.mongodb.org/win32/mongodb-win32-x86_64-2008plus-2.6.1.zip* @see 2)解压到本地硬盘D:\Develop\mongoDB\中,并配置环境变量path=D:\Develop\mongoDB\bin* @see   然后在CMD下运行此命令验证成功安装与否>mongod --version* @see 3)建立D:\Develop\mongoDBData\目录,用于存放mongoDB数据文件* @see 4)自己定义bat文件,分别用于启动mongoDB数据库和连接数据库的client* @see   启动client的mongo_client.bat内容为-->mongo 127.0.0.1:27017/admin* @see   启动数据库的mongo_db.bat内容为------>mongod --dbpath D:\Develop\mongoDBData --rest* @see   注:加入[--rest]參数是为了可以訪问mongoDB的Web控制台http://127.0.0.1:28017/* @see ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------* @see Java驱动* @see 这里要用到mongoDB的Java驱动包,下载地址http://docs.mongodb.org/ecosystem/drivers/java/* @see ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------* @create May 15, 2014 10:17:30 PM* @author 玄玉<http://blog.csdn.net/jadyer>*/
public class MongoDBTest {private static MongoClient mongoClient;private static DB db;/*** 建立数据库连接*/@BeforeClasspublic static void globalInit(){try {//mongoClient = new MongoClient(Arrays.asList(new ServerAddress("127.0.0.1", 27017), new ServerAddress("127.0.0.1", 27018), new ServerAddress("127.0.0.1", 27019)));mongoClient = new MongoClient("127.0.0.1", 27017);} catch (UnknownHostException e) {System.err.println("mongoDB主机地址有误");}db = mongoClient.getDB("mydemo");}/*** 销毁数据库连接*/@AfterClasspublic static void globalDestroy(){mongoClient.close();}/*** 获取数据库信息*/@Testpublic void getMetaData(){//查询数据库中全部的集合名称for(String collectionName : db.getCollectionNames()){System.out.println("mydemo数据库所拥有的集合为:[" + collectionName + "]");}//查询某一集合中的数据DBCollection collection = db.getCollection("person");DBCursor cursor = collection.find();try{while(cursor.hasNext()){System.out.println("person集合所拥有的name为--[" + cursor.next().get("name") + "]");}}finally{cursor.close();}System.out.println("person集合中的记录数为----------->" + cursor.count());System.out.println("person集合数据格式化后的JSON串为-->" + JSON.serialize(cursor));}/*** 创建一个空的"moive"集合*/@Testpublic void createCollection(){db.createCollection("movie", new BasicDBObject());}/*** 为"moive"集合加入文档*/@Testpublic void insertDocument(){DBObject doc = new BasicDBObject();doc.put("name", "24");doc.put("season", "ninth");doc.put("score", 88);List<String> actorList = new ArrayList<String>();actorList.add("Jack Bauer");actorList.add("Counter Terrorist Unit");doc.put("actor", actorList);db.getCollection("movie").insert(doc);}/*** 批量插入文档*/@Testpublic void insertBatchDocument(){List<DBObject> docList = new ArrayList<DBObject>();DBObject doc11 = new BasicDBObject("name", "Prison Break").append("season", "fourth").append("score", 99);DBObject doc22 = new BasicDBObject("name", "Game of Thrones").append("season", "third").append("score", 92);docList.add(doc11);docList.add(doc22);db.getCollection("movie").insert(docList);}/*** 依据_id删除数据*/@Testpublic void deleteById(){WriteResult result = db.getCollection("movie").remove(new BasicDBObject("_id", new ObjectId("5374c6dc5030e0ea4dac8907")));System.out.println("本次操作影响的记录条数为:" + result.getN());}/*** 依据条件删除数据*/@Testpublic void deleteByData(){DBObject doc = new BasicDBObject();doc.put("name", "Prison Break");WriteResult result = db.getCollection("movie").remove(doc);System.out.println("本次操作影响的记录条数为:" + result.getN());}/*** 更新数据* @see 添加email属性*/@Testpublic void update(){DBObject doc = new BasicDBObject();doc.put("$set", new BasicDBObject("email", "Jadyer@yeah.net"));WriteResult result = db.getCollection("movie").update(new BasicDBObject(), doc, false, true);System.out.println("本次操作影响的记录条数为:" + result.getN());}/*** 查询"moive"集合中的key*/@Testpublic void getKey(){DBObject keys = new BasicDBObject();keys.put("_id", false);keys.put("name", true);//keys.put("score", true);//第一个參数表示查询条件,第二个參数表示返回的详细keyDBCursor cursor = db.getCollection("movie").find(null, keys);try{while(cursor.hasNext()){DBObject object = cursor.next();System.out.println("查询到的name=" + object.get("name") + ", score=" + object.get("score"));}}finally{cursor.close();}}/*** 查询"moive"集合中分数不超过95的key*/@Testpublic void getKeyUseScore(){DBObject ref = new BasicDBObject();ref.put("score", new BasicDBObject("$lte", 95));DBCursor cursor = db.getCollection("movie").find(ref, null);try{while(cursor.hasNext()){DBObject object = cursor.next();System.out.println("查询到的name=" + object.get("name") + ", score=" + object.get("score"));}}finally{cursor.close();}}/*** 分页查询*/@Testpublic void limitSkip(){DBCursor cursor = db.getCollection("movie").find(null, null);cursor.limit(0).skip(1);try{while(cursor.hasNext()){DBObject object = cursor.next();System.out.println("查询到的name=" + object.get("name"));}}finally{cursor.close();}}
}