CentOS搭建C++开发环境

先安装gcc；需要root权限；

切换到root用户；命令：sudo su；再输入密码；

切换到root用户；命令：yum install gcc；安装失败；

带 -y 再运行；安装成功；过程如下；gcc -v，查看版本；

[root@localhost /]# yum -y install gcc
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
base | 3.6 kB 00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00
updates | 2.9 kB 00:00
(1/3): base/7/x86_64/group_gz | 165 kB 00:01
(2/3): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 164 kB 00:01
(3/3): base/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.0 MB 00:11
Determining fastest mirrors
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package gcc.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libgomp = 4.8.5-39.el7 for package: gcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: cpp = 4.8.5-39.el7 for package: gcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libgcc >= 4.8.5-39.el7 for package: gcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmpc.so.3()(64bit) for package: gcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package cpp.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 will be installed
---> Package libgcc.x86_64 0:4.8.2-16.el7 will be updated
---> Package libgcc.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 will be an update
---> Package libgomp.x86_64 0:4.8.2-16.el7 will be updated
---> Package libgomp.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 will be an update
---> Package libmpc.x86_64 0:1.0.1-3.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
gcc x86_64 4.8.5-39.el7 base 16 M
Installing for dependencies:
cpp x86_64 4.8.5-39.el7 base 5.9 M
libmpc x86_64 1.0.1-3.el7 base 51 k
Updating for dependencies:
libgcc x86_64 4.8.5-39.el7 base 102 k
libgomp x86_64 4.8.5-39.el7 base 158 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+2 Dependent packages)
Upgrade ( 2 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 22 M
Downloading packages:
No Presto metadata available for base
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/base/packages/libgcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Public key for libgcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed
(1/5): libgcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64.rpm | 102 kB 00:00
(2/5): libmpc-1.0.1-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 51 kB 00:01
(3/5): libgomp-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64.rpm | 158 kB 00:01
(4/5): cpp-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64.rpm | 5.9 MB 00:21
(5/5): gcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64.rpm | 16 MB 00:33
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 679 kB/s | 22 MB 00:33
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Importing GPG key 0xF4A80EB5:
Userid : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) <security@centos.org>"
Fingerprint: 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5
Package : centos-release-7-0.1406.el7.centos.2.3.x86_64 (@anaconda)
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : libmpc-1.0.1-3.el7.x86_64 1/7
Installing : cpp-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 2/7
Updating : libgomp-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 3/7
Updating : libgcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 4/7
Installing : gcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 5/7
Cleanup : libgomp-4.8.2-16.el7.x86_64 6/7
Cleanup : libgcc-4.8.2-16.el7.x86_64 7/7
Verifying : libgcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 1/7
Verifying : libgomp-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 2/7
Verifying : libmpc-1.0.1-3.el7.x86_64 3/7
Verifying : cpp-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 4/7
Verifying : gcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 5/7
Verifying : libgomp-4.8.2-16.el7.x86_64 6/7
Verifying : libgcc-4.8.2-16.el7.x86_64 7/7

Installed:
gcc.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7

Dependency Installed:
cpp.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 libmpc.x86_64 0:1.0.1-3.el7

Dependency Updated:
libgcc.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 libgomp.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7

Complete!
[root@localhost /]# gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.5/lto-wrapper
Target: x86_64-redhat-linux
Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info --with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-bootstrap --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-linker-build-id --with-linker-hash-style=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada,go,lto --enable-plugin --enable-initfini-array --disable-libgcj --with-isl=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/isl-install --with-cloog=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/cloog-install --enable-gnu-indirect-function --with-tune=generic --with-arch_32=x86-64 --build=x86_64-redhat-linux
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39) (GCC)
[root@localhost /]#

安装 gcc-c++ ；过程如下；

[root@localhost lixbo1]# yum -y install gcc-c++
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libstdc++-devel = 4.8.5-39.el7 for package: gcc-c++-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libstdc++ = 4.8.5-39.el7 for package: gcc-c++-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libstdc++.x86_64 0:4.8.2-16.el7 will be updated
---> Package libstdc++.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 will be an update
---> Package libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
gcc-c++ x86_64 4.8.5-39.el7 base 7.2 M
Installing for dependencies:
libstdc++-devel x86_64 4.8.5-39.el7 base 1.5 M
Updating for dependencies:
libstdc++ x86_64 4.8.5-39.el7 base 305 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+1 Dependent package)
Upgrade ( 1 Dependent package)

Total download size: 9.0 M
Downloading packages:
No Presto metadata available for base
(1/3): libstdc++-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64.rpm | 305 kB 00:02
(2/3): libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64.rpm | 1.5 MB 00:03
(3/3): gcc-c++-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64.rpm | 7.2 MB 00:10
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 905 kB/s | 9.0 MB 00:10
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Updating : libstdc++-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 1/4
Installing : libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 2/4
Installing : gcc-c++-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 3/4
Cleanup : libstdc++-4.8.2-16.el7.x86_64 4/4
Verifying : gcc-c++-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 1/4
Verifying : libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 2/4
Verifying : libstdc++-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 3/4
Verifying : libstdc++-4.8.2-16.el7.x86_64 4/4

Installed:
gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7

Dependency Installed:
libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7

Dependency Updated:
libstdc++.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.el7

Complete!
[root@localhost lixbo1]# g++ -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=g++
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.5/lto-wrapper
Target: x86_64-redhat-linux
Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info --with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-bootstrap --enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-linker-build-id --with-linker-hash-style=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada,go,lto --enable-plugin --enable-initfini-array --disable-libgcj --with-isl=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/isl-install --with-cloog=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/cloog-install --enable-gnu-indirect-function --with-tune=generic --with-arch_32=x86-64 --build=x86_64-redhat-linux
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39) (GCC)
[root@localhost lixbo1]#

安装gdb，过程如下；

[root@localhost lixbo1]# yum -y install gdb
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package gdb.x86_64 0:7.6.1-51.el7 will be updated
---> Package gdb.x86_64 0:7.6.1-115.el7 will be an update
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================
Upgrade 1 Package

Total download size: 2.4 M
Downloading packages:
No Presto metadata available for base
gdb-7.6.1-115.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.4 MB 00:00:04
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Updating : gdb-7.6.1-115.el7.x86_64 1/2
Cleanup : gdb-7.6.1-51.el7.x86_64 2/2
Verifying : gdb-7.6.1-115.el7.x86_64 1/2
Verifying : gdb-7.6.1-51.el7.x86_64 2/2

Updated:
gdb.x86_64 0:7.6.1-115.el7

Complete!
[root@localhost lixbo1]#

安装git；过程如下；

[root@localhost lixbo1]# yum -y install git
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package git.x86_64 0:1.8.3.1-21.el7_7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl-Git = 1.8.3.1-21.el7_7 for package: git-1.8.3.1-21.el7_7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Term::ReadKey) for package: git-1.8.3.1-21.el7_7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Git) for package: git-1.8.3.1-21.el7_7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Error) for package: git-1.8.3.1-21.el7_7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-Error.noarch 1:0.17020-2.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-Git.noarch 0:1.8.3.1-21.el7_7 will be installed
---> Package perl-TermReadKey.x86_64 0:2.30-20.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

==============================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
==============================================================================================================================
Installing:
git x86_64 1.8.3.1-21.el7_7 updates 4.4 M
Installing for dependencies:
perl-Error noarch 1:0.17020-2.el7 base 32 k
perl-Git noarch 1.8.3.1-21.el7_7 updates 55 k
perl-TermReadKey x86_64 2.30-20.el7 base 31 k

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+3 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 4.5 M
Installed size: 22 M
Downloading packages:
(1/4): perl-Error-0.17020-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 32 kB 00:00:01
(2/4): perl-Git-1.8.3.1-21.el7_7.noarch.rpm | 55 kB 00:00:01
(3/4): perl-TermReadKey-2.30-20.el7.x86_64.rpm | 31 kB 00:00:01
(4/4): git-1.8.3.1-21.el7_7.x86_64.rpm | 4.4 MB 00:00:06
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 671 kB/s | 4.5 MB 00:00:06
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : 1:perl-Error-0.17020-2.el7.noarch 1/4
Installing : perl-TermReadKey-2.30-20.el7.x86_64 2/4
Installing : perl-Git-1.8.3.1-21.el7_7.noarch 3/4
Installing : git-1.8.3.1-21.el7_7.x86_64 4/4
Verifying : git-1.8.3.1-21.el7_7.x86_64 1/4
Verifying : 1:perl-Error-0.17020-2.el7.noarch 2/4
Verifying : perl-Git-1.8.3.1-21.el7_7.noarch 3/4
Verifying : perl-TermReadKey-2.30-20.el7.x86_64 4/4

Installed:
git.x86_64 0:1.8.3.1-21.el7_7

Dependency Installed:
perl-Error.noarch 1:0.17020-2.el7 perl-Git.noarch 0:1.8.3.1-21.el7_7 perl-TermReadKey.x86_64 0:2.30-20.el7

Complete!
[root@localhost lixbo1]#

安装vim插件；未成功；

[root@localhost lixbo1]# git clone https://gitee.com/chxuan/vimplus.git ~/.vimplus
Cloning into '/root/.vimplus'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 163, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (163/163), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (161/161), done.
remote: Total 2191 (delta 95), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 2028
Receiving objects: 100% (2191/2191), 12.68 MiB | 492.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (1354/1354), done.
[root@localhost lixbo1]# cd ~/.vimplus
[root@localhost .vimplus]# dir
autoload fonts help.md install_to_user.sh README.md uninstall.sh
colors ftplugin install.sh LICENSE screenshots update.sh
[root@localhost .vimplus]# ./install.sh
Platform type: Linux
Linux distro: CentOS
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Existing lock /var/run/yum.pid: another copy is running as pid 8969.
Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...
The other application is: PackageKit
Memory : 166 M RSS (569 MB VSZ)
Started: Thu Mar 26 22:25:37 2020 - 08:47 ago
State : Sleeping, pid: 8969
Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...
The other application is: PackageKit
Memory : 166 M RSS (569 MB VSZ)
Started: Thu Mar 26 22:25:37 2020 - 08:49 ago
State : Sleeping, pid: 8969
一直出 Another app is currently holding the yum lock ；下回再搞；

构建C++ hello world 程序；成功；

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