开关插座手册

If you’re running out of outlets to plug things into, installing a switch/outlet combo is a great way to squeeze in another receptacle without completely wiring in a new outlet or sacrificing existing outlets or switches.

如果您没有足够的电源插座来插东西，则安装开关/插座组合是挤入另一个插座的好方法，而无需完全在新的插座中布线或牺牲现有的插座或开关。

A switch/outlet combo like the one pictured above can be wired up in three ways. The switch can control your lights, the switch can control the outlet, or the switch can control both your lights and the outlet.

如上图所示，开关/插座组合可以通过三种方式进行接线。 开关可以控制您的灯，开关可以控制插座，或者开关可以控制灯和插座。

For example: say your countertop appliances are hogging all of the outlets in your kitchen. You could replace the light switch on the wall with a switch/outlet combo. You’d still have the switch to control the lights, but you now have an extra outlet that you can use for that fancy new blender you bought.

例如：假设您的厨房用具正在占用厨房中的所有插座。 您可以用开关/插座组合替换墙上的电灯开关。 您仍然可以使用开关来控制灯光，但是现在您有了一个额外的电源插座，可以将其用于购买的精美新型搅拌机。

You can also wire it up so that the switch controls the outlet and the light it’s connected to, which may be useful if you have a lamp plugged into the outlet.

您也可以将其连接起来，以便开关控制插座和所连接的灯，如果您将灯插入插座，这可能会很有用。

Lastly, you could have the switch control just the outlet and nothing else. This isn’t as common of a scenario around the house, but it could work great out in the garage or workshop if you want an independent receptacle that can easily be turned on and off at will. For example, my shop vac is tucked away under by workbench, so I have one of these switches to easily turn it on and off without reaching under the bench every time.

最后，您可以让开关只控制电源插座，而不能控制其他任何东西。 这在房屋周围情况中并不常见，但是如果您想要一个可以随意随意打开和关闭的独立插座，则可以在车库或车间内正常工作。 例如，我的商店vac藏在工作台下面，因此我可以使用其中一个开关轻松打开和关闭它，而不必每次都在工作台下。

In short: there are quite a few ways to wire it up, and we’ll show you how to do all of them below.

简而言之：有很多方法可以将其连接起来，下面我们将向您展示如何进行所有这些操作。

Warning: This is a project for a confident DIYer. There’s no shame in getting someone else to do the actual wiring for you if you lack the skill or knowledge to do so. If you read the beginning of this article and immediately visualized how to do it based on past experience wiring switches and outlets, you’re probably good. If you opened the article not sure how exactly we were going to pull this trick off, it’s time to call in that wiring-savvy friend or electrician. Also note that it may be against the law, code, or regulations to do this without a permit, or it might void your insurance or warranty. Check your local regulations before continuing.

警告：这是一个充满信心的DIYer的项目。 如果您缺乏其他技能或知识，请别人帮您完成实际接线并没有什么可耻的。 如果您阅读本文的开头并根据过去对开关和插座的接线经验，立即看到了如何做，那可能很好。 如果您不确定这篇文章的开头，不确定我们将如何实现这个技巧，那么该找这个精通布线的朋友或电工了。 另请注意，未经许可执行此操作可能违反法律，法规或法规，否则可能会使您的保险或保修无效。 在继续之前，请先检查您当地的法规。

你需要什么 (What You’ll Need)

Before you dive deep into this project, you’ll need a few tools and supplies to get the job done.

在深入研究该项目之前，您需要一些工具和用品才能完成工作。

The absolute must-have tools are a flat-head screwdriver and a Phillips-head screwdriver. Some optional—but very handy—tools include needle-nose pliers, combination pliers, a wire stripper (in case you need to cut wire or strip off wire insulation), a voltage tester, and a power drill.

绝对必备的工具是一字螺丝刀和一字十字螺丝刀。 一些可选的但非常方便的工具包括尖嘴钳，组合钳，剥线钳(以防您需要切断电线或剥去电线绝缘层)，电压测试仪和电钻。

Lastly, you’ll need a switch/outlet combo unit. They’re not as ubiquitous as regular light switches and outlets, but you can still usually find them at most hardware stores. This one from Leviton ($9) will get the job done in most cases, but I’m using this heavy-duty one from Eaton, which is more appropriate for workshops and such. Don’t forget the new faceplate either.

最后，您将需要一个开关/插座组合单元。 它们不像常规的电灯开关和插座那样普遍存在，但是您通常仍可以在大多数五金店中找到它们。 Leviton的这台机器(9美元)在大多数情况下都能完成工作，但是我使用的是Eaton的这种重型机器，它更适合于车间等。 也不要忘记新的面板。

在你开始之前 (Before You Begin)

One very important thing before you start: You won’t be able to use these switch/outlet combo units if power isn’t coming into the light switch box. In other words, if the hot line that provides power to the light (or whatever the switch powers) goes into the light fixture first and then into the light switch box, you won’t be able to use a switch/outlet combo. The power must be coming into the light switch box first, and then continue on to the light fixture. The former scenario is pretty rare in most houses, but always check to make sure.

开始之前的一件非常重要的事情：如果电灯开关盒没有电，则您将无法使用这些开关/插座组合单元。 换句话说，如果为灯(或任何开关电源)供电的热线先进入灯具，然后进入照明开关盒，则将无法使用开关/插座组合。 电源必须先进入照明开关盒，然后再继续接通照明装置。 在大多数房屋中，前一种情况很少见，但请务必进行确认。

If you aren’t sure how your setup is wired, you’ll have to go through the first step of this tutorial to look into your light switch box. Before doing so, go to your breaker box and cut off the power to the room where you’ll be changing out the light switch.

如果不确定设置的接线方式，则必须完成本教程的第一步，以查看电灯开关盒。 在这样做之前，请转到断路器箱并切断将要关闭电灯开关的房间的电源。

A great way to know if you turned off the correct breaker is to turn on the light switch before cutting the power, and if the light that’s controlled by the light switch turns off, then you know you’ve switched off the correct breaker.

知道是否关闭了正确的断路器的一种好方法是在切断电源之前打开电灯开关，并且如果由电灯开关控制的灯熄灭，则说明您已经关闭了正确的断路器。

卸下现有的电灯开关 (Remove the Existing Light Switch)

Start by taking your flat-head screwdriver and remove the two screws holding the faceplate on.

首先拿起一字螺丝刀，然后卸下固定面板的两颗螺丝。

You can then pull the faceplate right off. At this point, use a voltage tester to see if the power is truly off to the light switch before you go any further.

然后，您可以直接拉面板。 此时，在继续下一步之前，请使用电压测试仪查看电灯开关的电源是否确实断开。

Next, take your Phillips-head screwdriver or power drill and remove the two screws that hold the light switch onto the junction box. There will be one on top and one on the bottom.

接下来，拿起梅花槽螺丝刀或电钻，卸下将灯开关固定在接线盒上的两颗螺钉。 顶部有一个，底部有一个。

Once those screws are removed, take your fingers and grab hold of the tabs on the top and bottom of the switch to pull it out of the junction box. This exposes more of the wires and makes it easier to work on.

卸下这些螺钉后，用手指抓住开关顶部和底部的卡舌，将其从接线盒中拉出。 这样可以露出更多的电线，从而使其更容易加工。

Take a look at the wiring configuration of the light switch. If you see two different sets of wires coming into the box, then you’re good to continue. If you only see one, then a switch/outlet combo is not compatible with your setup.

看一下电灯开关的接线配置。 如果您看到两组不同的电线进入包装盒，则可以继续进行。 如果仅看到一个，则说明开关/插座组合与您的设置不兼容。

In our case, there are two black wires connected to the switch, as well as a bare copper wire, which is the ground wire. Further back in the box, you’ll also notice two white wires that are tied together with a wire nut. (If the colors in your wall are different, make note of which are which, to ensure you connect everything properly.)

在我们的案例中，有两条黑线连接到交换机，还有一条裸铜线(即地线)。 在包装盒的后面，您还会注意到两条白线，这些白线通过线螺母绑在一起。 (如果墙壁上的颜色不同，请记下哪种颜色，以确保正确连接所有东西。)

As briefly explained above, the black wires are the power (or “hot”) wires and the white wires are the neutral (or “return”) wires. Electricity flows through the hot wire, entering the switch and then into the light fixture, and then returns back through the neutral wire. Turning off the switch simply disconnects the power wire from the light fixture, cutting off power from your lights.

如上所述，黑线是电源线(或“热”线)，白线是中线(或“回线”)线。 电流流经热线，进入开关，然后进入灯具，然后通过中性线返回。 只需关闭开关，即可从灯具上断开电源线的连接，从而切断灯具的电源。

Start by taking your screwdriver and removing the two black wires attached to the light switch. Don’t worry about which black wire goes where.

首先拿起螺丝刀，并卸下连接到电灯开关的两条黑色电线。 不用担心哪条黑线走到哪里。

Lastly, remove the ground wire from the green screw.

最后，从绿色螺钉上卸下接地线。

为新的组合开关准备电线 (Prepare Your Wires for the New Combo Switch)

Now that the light switch is completely removed, we’ll need to prepare for the installation of the combo switch.

现在，电灯开关已完全卸下，我们需要为组合开关的安装做准备。

You’ll need access to the white neutral wires. Normally when you replace a light switch, you would leave the neutral wires alone, but in this case, we’ll be connecting them to the new combo switch.

您将需要使用白色中性线。 通常，当您更换电灯开关时，您将不理会零线，但是在这种情况下，我们会将它们连接到新的组合开关。

Remove the wire nut on the neutral wires by unscrewing it. Keep the two wires together because you’ll need to create a pigtail, which involves connecting multiple wires together with a wire nut in order to turn two or more wires into a single connection that you can then connect to the switch’s screw. We’ll be connecting these two neutral wires to one screw on the new switch, so the pigtail is necessary.

拧松中性线的螺母。 将两条电线保持在一起，因为您需要创建尾纤，这需要将多条电线与一个电线螺母连接在一起，以便将两根或更多根电线变成单个连接，然后可以将其连接到开关的螺钉。 我们将把这两根中性线连接到新开关的一个螺钉上，因此尾纤是必要的。

You’ll be left with one white wire connection and two black wire connections.

您将剩下一根白线和两条黑线。

Once that’s done, you’ll need to take your needle-nose pliers and bend all the wires at the ends to make small hooks if they don’t have them already. These hooks will wrap around the screws on the switch when you go to install it.

完成后，您需要拿起尖嘴钳并弯曲两端的所有电线，以制成小的钩子(如果还没有钩子的话)。 在安装交换机时，这些钩子将缠绕在交换机的螺钉上。

After that, it’s time to find out which wire is which (if you don’t already know).

之后，是时候找出哪根导线是哪根了(如果您还不知道)。

确定哪些电线是热(电源)线 (Determine Which Wires Are the Hot (Power) Lines)

When installing a switch/outlet combo unit, you’ll want to know the difference between the two sets of wires coming into the light switch box. One will be the power line coming from the breaker box, and the other will be the wires connected from the light switch to the light fixture.

在安装开关/插座组合单元时，您需要了解进入电灯开关盒的两组电线之间的区别。 一种是来自断路器箱的电源线，另一种是从电灯开关连接到灯具的电线。

The first step is to screw a wire nut onto each wire (except for the ground wire, as it doesn’t need one) and spread out the wires as far apart as possible. You might need to use your needle-nose pliers to straighten out the wires first so that you can stick wire nuts onto them.

第一步是将电线螺母拧到每根电线上(接地线除外，因为它不需要一根)，并尽可能将电线散开。 您可能需要先使用尖嘴钳拉直电线，以便可以将电线螺母粘在电线上。

Once that’s done, turn the power back on to the outlet and carefully place the voltage tester near each wire. When the voltage tester lights up or makes a noise next to a wire (it will be one of the black wires), mark that wire in some way (I usually make a quick mark on the wire nut with a permanent marker). This is the hot wire coming from power.

完成后，将电源重新打开，并小心地将电压测试仪放在每根电线附近。 当电压测试仪亮起或在电线(将是黑色电线之一)旁边发出声音时，以某种方式标记该电线(我通常用永久性标记在电线螺母上做一个快速标记)。 这是来自电源的热线。

After you have determined which wire is the hot power wire, be sure to turn the electricity back off at the breaker box.

确定哪根电线是热电线之后，请确保在断路器箱处关闭电源。

Now it’s time to install the switch/outlet combo, and depending on how you want it to work, there are several different ways to wire it up.

现在是时候安装开关/插座组合了，并且根据您希望它的工作方式，有几种不同的接线方法。

如果您想让开关同时控制灯光和插座 (If You Want the Switch to Control Both the Light and the Outlet)

If you want the switch to control the light it’s currently connected to, but also control the included outlet—like if you’re using a lamp in tandem with overhead lights—here’s how to wire it up.

如果您希望开关控制它当前连接的灯光，还希望控制附带的插座(例如，如果您与头顶灯一起使用一盏灯)，请按照以下步骤进行接线。

Connect the black wire coming from the light fixture (not the hot wire) to either one of the black screws on the switch—it doesn’t matter in this case. Some switches will have slots that you can slide a straight wire into and tighten it down with the screw, which is definitely easier than wrapping the hooked wire around the screw.

将来自灯具的黑线(不是火线)连接到开关上的任一黑螺钉上，在这种情况下没关系。 某些开关会带有插槽，您可以将直线滑入并用螺钉将其拧紧，这绝对比将钩住的电线缠绕在螺钉上容易。

Then connect the black hot wire coming from power to the brass screw.

然后将来自电源的黑色热线连接到黄铜螺钉。

Next, connect the white neutral wire (the pigtail connection) to the silver screw. If you’re lucky, the switch will have two slots that allow you to safely connect two wires to a single screw, but if not, you’ll need to use the pigtail. I got lucky with my switch. Also keep in mind that no matter how you have the switch wired up, the white neutral wires will always be connected to the silver screw.

接下来，将白色中性线(尾纤接头)连接到银螺钉。 如果幸运的话，该开关将具有两个插槽，可让您将两根电线安全地连接到一个螺钉上，但如果不行，则需要使用尾纤。 我很幸运，我的开关。 另外请记住，无论您如何连接开关，白色中性线始终会连接到银色螺钉上。

You’ll then connect the bare copper ground wire to the green screw. Again, the ground wire always gets connected to the green screw, no matter the wiring scenario.

然后，将裸铜接地线连接到绿色螺钉。 同样，无论采用哪种接线方式，接地线始终都连接至绿色螺钉。

Shove all the wires back into the box and screw in the switch to mount it in place. Install the faceplate and turn the power back on.

将所有电线推回盒中，并拧紧开关以将其安装到位。 安装面板并重新打开电源。

如果您希望开关和插座彼此独立 (If You Want the Switch and Outlet Independent From One Another)

Alternatively, you could have the switch only control the light fixture, and the outlet portion remaining constantly on no matter the state of the switch. This is perfect for that kitchen scenario mentioned above, where you just want to squeeze in an extra outlet without messing with anything else.

或者，您可以让开关仅控制灯具，并且无论开关的状态如何，插座部分始终保持不变。 这对于上面提到的厨房场景是完美的，您只想挤进一个额外的插座而不会弄乱其他任何东西。

To make this happen, all you have to do is switch the places of the two black wires. So you’ll connect the black hot wire coming from power to either black screw and then connect the black wire coming from the light fixture to the brass screw. The neutral wires and the ground wire will stay put.

为此，您只需切换两条黑色导线的位置即可。 因此，您需要将来自电源的黑色热线连接至任一黑色螺丝，然后将来自灯具的黑色热线连接至黄铜螺丝。 中性线和地线将保持原状。

开关/插座组合的其他用途 (Other Uses for a Switch/Outlet Combo)

If you want to replace a traditional light switch with a switch/outlet combo, the top two scenarios are likely the only ones you’ll use. However, there are other uses for a combo switch.

如果要用开关/插座组合代替传统的电灯开关，则可能只使用前两种情况。 但是，组合开关还有其他用途。

For instance, if you ever want to be able to cut power to a certain handful of outlets in a circuit (but not kill the entire circuit), you can replace a traditional outlet with a switch/outlet combo where you want the cutoff to start. For example, my living room outlets are connected to the same circuit as the lights (which is usually the case in most houses), so if I ever wanted to cut power to the outlets, but keep the lights on, I could install a switch/outlet combo at the first outlet in the circuit. So whenever I flipped the switch, all of the following outlets in the circuit (as well as the outlet on the switch) would turn off.

例如，如果您希望能够切断电路中少数几个插座的电源(但又不想​​杀死整个电路)，则可以用要开始切断电源的开关/插座组合来代替传统插座。 。 例如，我的客厅插座与照明灯连接在同一电路上(大多数房屋通常是这样)，因此，如果我想切断插座的电源，但要保持照明灯亮着，可以安装一个开关/ outlet组合在电路中的第一个插座处。 因此，每当我翻转开关时，电路中以下所有插座(以及开关上的插座)都会关闭。

To do this, you’d replace the original outlet with this combo switch. The hot wire coming from power will connect to the brass screw, the black wire that continues on in the circuit will connect to either black screw, and both neutral wires will connect to the silver screw. If you wanted the outlet on the switch to remain on while all of the other outlets turned off, you would simply reverse the black wire connections.

为此，您可以使用此组合开关替换原来的电源插座。 来自电源的热线将连接至黄铜螺丝，电路中继续接通的黑色电线将连接至任一黑色螺丝，并且两根中性线将连接至银色螺丝。 如果要在关闭所有其他插座的同时使开关上的插座保持打开状态，则只需将黑色电线连接颠倒即可。

This can be tricky, though, since you have to know where the wiring for the outlets and the lights meet up, so that the switch doesn’t kill both the outlets and the lights. You may want to bring in an electrician to determine all that if you’re not sure—depending on how your home’s wiring is set up, this may not even be possible.

但是，这可能很棘手，因为您必须知道插座和照明灯的接线在哪里汇合，以便开关不会同时杀死插座和照明灯。 如果您不确定，您可能需要请电工来确定所有这些内容，具体取决于您房屋的布线方式，这甚至是不可能的。

Alternatively, you can wire the switch up in such a way that only that single outlet will be controlled by the switch, but other outlets in the circuit will still stay powered on constantly. To do this, you have to join together the black wires, neutral wires, and ground wires so that you have one connection for each (using pigtails).

或者，您可以通过以下方式对交换机进行接线：只有单个插座将由交换机控制，而电路中的其他插座仍将保持持续通电。 为此，您必须将黑线，中性线和地线连接在一起，以便每条线都具有一个连接(使用尾纤)。

From there, connect the black wire to the brass screw. And just as before, the neutral wire connects to the silver screw and the ground wire to the green screw.

从那里，将黑色电线连接至黄铜螺丝。 和以前一样，零线连接到银螺钉，地线连接到绿色螺钉。

You can also split apart an extension cord and install a switch/outlet combo in between so that the extension cord still acts as normal, but it now has a switched outlet connected to it that you can plug anything into and turn it on and off with the switch, using the wiring method in the previous paragraph. Make sure that the extension cord is 14/3 (three separate wires that are 14 gauge), and that all of your connections, as well as the switch/outlet combo are put inside of an electrical box for protection and safety. This is probably something more geared toward a garage or workshop setup, since it would serve better purposes there. Plus, it’s not the prettiest-looking contraption.

您也可以分开一根延长线，并在两者之间安装一个开关/插座组合，以便延长线仍能正常工作，但是现在它已连接了一个开关插座，您可以将任何东西插入电源插座并用开关，使用上一段中的接线方法。 确保延长线为14/3 (三根独立的14线规电线)，并且所有连接以及开关/插座组合都放在配电箱内，以保护和安全。 这可能更适合于车库或车间的设置，因为在这里它可以提供更好的用途。 另外，这不是看起来最漂亮的装置。

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In the end, the world is your oyster with these switch/outlet combos, and they’re some of the most versatile electrical products on the market. However, depending on how you want them wired up, it can be a bit tricky to do it correctly, so make sure to double-check your work and that everything is connected properly. If you’re ever in doubt, just hire an electrician. They’ll be sure to get it right.

最后，拥有这些开关/插座组合的世界就是您的牡蛎，它们是市场上功能最丰富的一些电气产品。 但是，根据您希望它们进行连接的方式，正确地进行操作可能会有些棘手，因此请确保仔细检查您的工作，并确保一切均已正确连接。 如果您有任何疑问，请雇用电工。 他们一定会做对的。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/286829/how-to-replace-a-light-switch-with-a-switchoutlet-combo/

开关插座手册