C# 数据库通用类

通用类

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.Common;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace ESRTools
{/// <summary>/// 通用数据库访问类，封装了对数据库的常见操作///</summary>public sealed class DbUtility{public string ConnectionString { get; set; }private DbProviderFactory providerFactory;/// <summary>/// 构造函数/// </summary>/// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接字符串</param>/// <param name="providerType">数据库类型枚举，参见<paramref name="providerType"/></param>public DbUtility(string connectionString, DbProviderType providerType){ConnectionString = connectionString;providerFactory = ProviderFactory.GetDbProviderFactory(providerType);if (providerFactory == null){throw new ArgumentException("Can't load DbProviderFactory for given value of providerType");}}/// <summary>   /// 对数据库执行增删改操作，返回受影响的行数。   /// </summary>   /// <param name="sql">要执行的增删改的SQL语句</param>   /// <param name="parameters">执行增删改语句所需要的参数</param>/// <returns></returns>  public int ExecuteNonQuery(string sql, IList<DbParameter> parameters){return ExecuteNonQuery(sql, parameters, CommandType.Text);}/// <summary>   /// 对数据库执行增删改操作，返回受影响的行数。   /// </summary>   /// <param name="sql">要执行的增删改的SQL语句</param>   /// <param name="parameters">执行增删改语句所需要的参数</param>/// <param name="commandType">执行的SQL语句的类型</param>/// <returns></returns>public int ExecuteNonQuery(string sql, IList<DbParameter> parameters, CommandType commandType){using (DbCommand command = CreateDbCommand(sql, parameters, commandType)){command.Connection.Open();int affectedRows = command.ExecuteNonQuery();command.Connection.Close();return affectedRows;}}/// <summary>   /// 执行一个查询语句，返回一个关联的DataReader实例   /// </summary>   /// <param name="sql">要执行的查询语句</param>   /// <param name="parameters">执行SQL查询语句所需要的参数</param>/// <returns></returns> public DbDataReader ExecuteReader(string sql, IList<DbParameter> parameters){return ExecuteReader(sql, parameters, CommandType.Text);}/// <summary>   /// 执行一个查询语句，返回一个关联的DataReader实例   /// </summary>   /// <param name="sql">要执行的查询语句</param>   /// <param name="parameters">执行SQL查询语句所需要的参数</param>/// <param name="commandType">执行的SQL语句的类型</param>/// <returns></returns> public DbDataReader ExecuteReader(string sql, IList<DbParameter> parameters, CommandType commandType){DbCommand command = CreateDbCommand(sql, parameters, commandType);command.Connection.Open();return command.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior.CloseConnection);}/// <summary>   /// 执行一个查询语句，返回一个包含查询结果的DataTable   /// </summary>   /// <param name="sql">要执行的查询语句</param>   /// <param name="parameters">执行SQL查询语句所需要的参数</param>/// <returns></returns>public DataTable ExecuteDataTable(string sql, IList<DbParameter> parameters){return ExecuteDataTable(sql, parameters, CommandType.Text);}/// <summary>   /// 执行一个查询语句，返回一个包含查询结果的DataTable   /// </summary>   /// <param name="sql">要执行的查询语句</param>   /// <param name="parameters">执行SQL查询语句所需要的参数</param>/// <param name="commandType">执行的SQL语句的类型</param>/// <returns></returns>public DataTable ExecuteDataTable(string sql, IList<DbParameter> parameters, CommandType commandType){using (DbCommand command = CreateDbCommand(sql, parameters, commandType)){using (DbDataAdapter adapter = providerFactory.CreateDataAdapter()){adapter.SelectCommand = command;DataTable data = new DataTable();adapter.Fill(data);return data;}}}/// <summary>   /// 执行一个查询语句，返回查询结果的第一行第一列   /// </summary>   /// <param name="sql">要执行的查询语句</param>   /// <param name="parameters">执行SQL查询语句所需要的参数</param>   /// <returns></returns>   public Object ExecuteScalar(string sql, IList<DbParameter> parameters){return ExecuteScalar(sql, parameters, CommandType.Text);}/// <summary>   /// 执行一个查询语句，返回查询结果的第一行第一列   /// </summary>   /// <param name="sql">要执行的查询语句</param>   /// <param name="parameters">执行SQL查询语句所需要的参数</param>   /// <param name="commandType">执行的SQL语句的类型</param>/// <returns></returns>   public Object ExecuteScalar(string sql, IList<DbParameter> parameters, CommandType commandType){using (DbCommand command = CreateDbCommand(sql, parameters, commandType)){command.Connection.Open();object result = command.ExecuteScalar();command.Connection.Close();return result;}}public DbParameter CreateDbParameter(string name, object value){return CreateDbParameter(name, ParameterDirection.Input, value);}public DbParameter CreateDbParameter(string name, ParameterDirection parameterDirection, object value){DbParameter parameter = providerFactory.CreateParameter();parameter.ParameterName = name;parameter.Value = value;parameter.Direction = parameterDirection;return parameter;}/// <summary>/// 创建一个DbCommand对象/// </summary>/// <param name="sql">要执行的查询语句</param>   /// <param name="parameters">执行SQL查询语句所需要的参数</param>/// <param name="commandType">执行的SQL语句的类型</param>/// <returns></returns>private DbCommand CreateDbCommand(string sql, IList<DbParameter> parameters, CommandType commandType){DbConnection connection = providerFactory.CreateConnection();DbCommand command = providerFactory.CreateCommand();connection.ConnectionString = ConnectionString;command.CommandText = sql;command.CommandType = commandType;command.Connection = connection;if (!(parameters == null || parameters.Count == 0)){foreach (DbParameter parameter in parameters){command.Parameters.Add(parameter);}}return command;}}/// <summary>/// 数据库类型枚举/// </summary>public enum DbProviderType : byte{SqlServer,MySql,SQLite,Oracle,ODBC,OleDb,Firebird,PostgreSql,DB2,Informix,SqlServerCe}/// <summary>/// DbProviderFactory工厂类/// </summary>public class ProviderFactory{private static Dictionary<DbProviderType, string> providerInvariantNames = new Dictionary<DbProviderType, string>();private static Dictionary<DbProviderType, DbProviderFactory> providerFactoies = new Dictionary<DbProviderType, DbProviderFactory>(20);static ProviderFactory(){//加载已知的数据库访问类的程序集providerInvariantNames.Add(DbProviderType.SqlServer, "System.Data.SqlClient");providerInvariantNames.Add(DbProviderType.OleDb, "System.Data.OleDb");providerInvariantNames.Add(DbProviderType.ODBC, "System.Data.ODBC");providerInvariantNames.Add(DbProviderType.Oracle, "Oracle.DataAccess.Client");providerInvariantNames.Add(DbProviderType.MySql, "MySql.Data.MySqlClient");providerInvariantNames.Add(DbProviderType.SQLite, "System.Data.SQLite");providerInvariantNames.Add(DbProviderType.Firebird, "FirebirdSql.Data.Firebird");providerInvariantNames.Add(DbProviderType.PostgreSql, "Npgsql");providerInvariantNames.Add(DbProviderType.DB2, "IBM.Data.DB2.iSeries");providerInvariantNames.Add(DbProviderType.Informix, "IBM.Data.Informix");providerInvariantNames.Add(DbProviderType.SqlServerCe, "System.Data.SqlServerCe");}/// <summary>/// 获取指定数据库类型对应的程序集名称/// </summary>/// <param name="providerType">数据库类型枚举</param>/// <returns></returns>public static string GetProviderInvariantName(DbProviderType providerType){return providerInvariantNames[providerType];}/// <summary>/// 获取指定类型的数据库对应的DbProviderFactory/// </summary>/// <param name="providerType">数据库类型枚举</param>/// <returns></returns>public static DbProviderFactory GetDbProviderFactory(DbProviderType providerType){//如果还没有加载，则加载该DbProviderFactoryif (!providerFactoies.ContainsKey(providerType)){providerFactoies.Add(providerType, ImportDbProviderFactory(providerType));}return providerFactoies[providerType];}/// <summary>/// 加载指定数据库类型的DbProviderFactory/// </summary>/// <param name="providerType">数据库类型枚举</param>/// <returns></returns>private static DbProviderFactory ImportDbProviderFactory(DbProviderType providerType){string providerName = providerInvariantNames[providerType];DbProviderFactory factory = null;try{//从全局程序集中查找factory = DbProviderFactories.GetFactory(providerName);}catch (ArgumentException e){factory = null;}return factory;}}
}

配置文件加入

<system.data>
<DbProviderFactories>
<add name="SqlClient Data Provider" invariant="System.Data.SqlClient" description=".Net Framework Data Provider for SqlServer" type="System.Data.SqlClient.SqlClientFactory, System.Data"/>
<add name="MySQL Data Provider" invariant="MySql.Data.MySqlClient" description=".Net Framework Data Provider for MySQL" type="MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlClientFactory, MySql.Data"/>
<add name="OracleClient Data Provider" invariant="System.Data.OracleClient" description=".Net Framework Data Provider for Oracle" type="System.Data.OracleClient.OracleClientFactory, System.Data.OracleClient, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/>
<add name="Oracle Data Provider for .NET" invariant="Oracle.DataAccess.Client" description="Oracle Data Provider for .NET" type="Oracle.DataAccess.Client.OracleClientFactory, Oracle.DataAccess, Version=2.112.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=89b483f429c47342"/>
<add name="ODP.NET, Managed Driver" invariant="Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.Client" description="Oracle Data Provider for .NET, Managed Driver" type="Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.Client.OracleClientFactory, Oracle.ManagedDataAccess, Version=4.122.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=89b483f429c47342"/>
<add name="OleDb Data Provider" invariant="System.Data.OleDb" description=".Net Framework Data Provider for OleDb" type="System.Data.OleDb.OleDbFactory, System.Data, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/>
<add name="SQLite Data Provider" invariant="System.Data.SQLite" description=".Net Framework Data Provider for SQLite" type="System.Data.SQLite.SQLiteFactory, System.Data.SQLite, Version=1.0.58.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=db937bc2d44ff139"/>
</DbProviderFactories>
</system.data>

Nuget包引入

  MySql.Data     8.0.16

调用例子：

            string connectionString = @"Server=XXXXXXXX;Database=XXXX;Uid=root;Pwd=XXXX;Port=3306;";string sql = "SELECT * FROM table1";DbUtility db = new DbUtility(connectionString, DbProviderType.MySql);DataTable data = db.ExecuteDataTable(sql, null);

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