依赖包冲突，Error creating bean

启动Spring项目失败，日志提示Error creating bean with name ‘gsonBuilder’ defined in class path resource

这里是在提醒创建在类路径资源中定义了名为“gsonBuilder”的bean时出错，通常是gsonBuilder这个依赖包有冲突，比如你pom导入的依赖包下，有子依赖包与Spring的子依赖包重复时，就会抛出这个错误，根据类路径资源导入bean时抛出了这个错误。

笔者完整抛错如下：

2021-04-14 23:33:38.479  WARN 17528 --- [           main] ConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext : Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'gsonBuilder' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/gson/GsonAutoConfiguration.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [com.google.gson.GsonBuilder]: Factory method 'gsonBuilder' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.BootstrapMethodError: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: com.google.gson.GsonBuilder.setLenient()Lcom/google/gson/GsonBuilder;Error starting ApplicationContext. To display the conditions report re-run your application with 'debug' enabled.
2021-04-14 23:33:38.730 ERROR 17528 --- [           main] o.s.b.d.LoggingFailureAnalysisReporter   : ***************************
APPLICATION FAILED TO START
***************************Description:An attempt was made to call a method that does not exist. The attempt was made from the following location:java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleNatives.resolve(Native Method)The following method did not exist:com.google.gson.GsonBuilder.setLenient()Lcom/google/gson/GsonBuilder;

这时有两种解决办法

一、删除冲突的依赖包

比如笔者是因为com.tencentcloudapi下的子依赖包.code.gson与spring下的.code.gson冲突

<dependency><groupId>com.tencentcloudapi</groupId><artifactId>tencentcloud-sdk-java</artifactId><version>4.0.11</version><exclusions><exclusion><artifactId>gson</artifactId><groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId></exclusion></exclusions>
</dependency>

如此项目启动时不会再冲突，但存在隐患，如果在使用tencentcloudapi时需要用到gson中的方法时，就会抛错找不到依赖包。

二、替换依赖包

当出现第一中办法所面临的问题时，可以将冲突的依赖包直接在pom中maven方式导入，如此项目既能正常启动又不影响tencentcloudapi的功能。

        <dependency><groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId><artifactId>gson</artifactId><version>2.8.5</version></dependency>

这两种方法都有它们的局限性，第一个方法容易影响你引入的依赖的功能，而第二种方法要求冲突的包可以通过maven导入。且冲突的包是功能相同的包，例如笔者冲突的gson，如果spring不能兼容使用com.google.code.gson，或tencentcloudapi下导入的是其他com…gson,那么这个办法也不可行。

如果对于以上问题您有和妙招或想法，期待能与您交流学习。

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