在上篇 SpringBoot 整合 ElasticSearch 文章中，我们详细的介绍了 ElasticSearch 的索引和文档的基本增删改查的操作方法！

本文将重点介绍 ES 的各种高级查询写法和使用。

废话不多说，直接上代码！

二、代码实践

本文采用的SpringBoot版本号是2.1.0.RELEASE，服务端 es 的版本号是6.8.2，客户端采用的是官方推荐的Elastic Java High Level Rest Client版本号是6.4.2，方便与SpringBoot的版本兼容。

es 最大的亮点就是查询非常丰富，可以在上亿的数据里面快速搜索出目标数据，查询如果实现呢？请看下文

• 单条件精确查询

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient client;/*** 单条件精确查询* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search0() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder().query(QueryBuilders.termsQuery("name", "赵里"));//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}}

• 多条件精确查询，取并集

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient client;/*** 多条件精确查询，取并集* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search1() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder().query(QueryBuilders.termsQuery("name", "张", "陈"));//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}}

• 范围查询

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient client;/*** 范围查询，包括from、to* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search2() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder().query(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(20).to(32));//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}/*** 范围查询，不包括from、to* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search3() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder().query(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(20,false).to(30, false));//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}/*** 范围查询, lt:小于，gt:大于* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search4() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder().query(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").lt(30).gt(20));//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}}

• 模糊查询，支持通配符

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient client;/*** 模糊查询，支持通配符* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search5() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder().query(QueryBuilders.wildcardQuery("name","张三"));//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}}

• 不使用通配符的模糊查询，左右匹配

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient client;/*** 不使用通配符的模糊查询，左右匹配* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search6() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder().query(QueryBuilders.queryStringQuery("张三").field("name"));//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}}

• 多字段模糊查询

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient client;/*** 多字段模糊查询* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search7() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder().query(QueryBuilders.multiMatchQuery("长", "name", "city"));//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}}

• 多字段模糊查询

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient client;/*** 分页搜索* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search8() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder().from(0).size(2);//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}}

• 字段排序

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient client;/*** 排序，字段的类型必须是：integer、double、long或者keyword* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search9() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder().sort("createTime", SortOrder.ASC);//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}}

• 精确统计筛选文档数

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient client;/*** 精确统计筛选文档数,查询性能有所降低* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search10() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder().trackTotalHits(true);//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}}

• 设置源字段过滤返回

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient client;/*** 设置源字段过虑,第一个参数结果集包括哪些字段，第二个参数表示结果集不包括哪些字段* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search11() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder().fetchSource(new String[]{"name","age","city","createTime"},new String[]{});//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}}

• 根据 id 精确匹配

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient client;/*** 根据id精确匹配* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search12() throws IOException {String[] ids = new String[]{"1","2"};// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder().query(QueryBuilders.termsQuery("_id", ids));//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}}

• matchAllQuery 搜索全部

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient client;/*** matchAllQuery搜索全部* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search21() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder().query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}
}

• match 搜索匹配

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient client;/*** match搜索匹配* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search22() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder().query(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "张王"));//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}
}

• bool组合查询

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient client;/*** bool组合查询* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search23() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder=new BoolQueryBuilder();boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "张王"));boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").lte(30).gte(20));builder.query(boolQueryBuilder);//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}
}

• nested 类型嵌套查询

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient client;/*** nested类型嵌套查询* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search24() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();//条件查询BoolQueryBuilder mainBool=new BoolQueryBuilder();mainBool.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "赵六"));//nested类型嵌套查询BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder=new BoolQueryBuilder();boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("products.brand", "A"));boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("products.title", "巧克力"));NestedQueryBuilder nested = QueryBuilders.nestedQuery("products",boolQueryBuilder, ScoreMode.None);mainBool.must(nested);builder.query(mainBool);//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}
}

• 多条件查询 + 排序 + 分页

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient client;/*** 多条件查询 + 排序 + 分页* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search29() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();//条件搜索BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder=new BoolQueryBuilder();boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "张王"));boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").lte(30).gte(20));builder.query(boolQueryBuilder);//结果集合分页builder.from(0).size(2);//排序builder.sort("createTime",SortOrder.ASC);//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}
}

• 聚合查询-求和

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient client;/*** 聚合查询 sum* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search30() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();//条件搜索builder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());//聚合查询AggregationBuilder aggregation = AggregationBuilders.sum("sum_age").field("age");builder.aggregation(aggregation);//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}
}

• 聚合查询-求平均值

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient client;/*** 聚合查询 avg* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search31() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();//条件搜索builder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());//聚合查询AggregationBuilder aggregation = AggregationBuilders.avg("avg_age").field("age");builder.aggregation(aggregation);//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}
}

• 聚合查询-计数

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient client;/*** 聚合查询 count* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search32() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();//条件搜索builder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());//聚合查询AggregationBuilder aggregation = AggregationBuilders.count("count_age").field("age");builder.aggregation(aggregation);//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}
}

• 聚合查询-分组

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {@Autowiredprivate RestHighLevelClient client;/*** 聚合查询 分组* @throws IOException*/@Testpublic void search33() throws IOException {// 创建请求SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();//条件搜索builder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());//聚合查询AggregationBuilder aggregation = AggregationBuilders.terms("tag_createTime").field("createTime").subAggregation(AggregationBuilders.count("count_age").field("age")) //计数.subAggregation(AggregationBuilders.sum("sum_age").field("age")) //求和.subAggregation(AggregationBuilders.avg("avg_age").field("age")); //求平均值builder.aggregation(aggregation);//不输出原始数据builder.size(0);//搜索SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();searchRequest.indices("cs_index");searchRequest.types("_doc");searchRequest.source(builder);// 执行请求SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);// 解析查询结果System.out.println(response.toString());}
}

三、小结

本文主要围绕 SpringBoot 整合 ElasticSearch 进行各种高级查询的介绍，在下篇文章中，我们会重点介绍 es 的性能调优！

文章内容难免会有些遗漏的地方，欢迎网友批评指出！

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