python3强智教务系统个人课表爬虫

前言

之前写过一篇用webdriver爬取教务系统课表的爬虫，用的是selenium自动化的无头浏览器模拟登录，今天带来的是用requests请求实现的爬虫。

工具

requests库实现对网页的请求，execjs库实现是js脚本的执行，bs4对爬取的数据进行清洗，csv库实现对数据的储存。

步骤

①首先是登录获取会话（session）

先在输入框乱输入，按F12，登录获取登录页面的表单信息格式

发现是POST请求，表单为加密过的，此时查看页面源代码，检查是如何加密的

再往下看到js，发现是根据encodeInp()进行加密的

再次检查页面源代码并没有发现此函数，那就只能是存在JS文件里面的

虽然后来发现是Base64加密方式，但是没关系了，用python的execjs来执行加密，记得将conwork.js下载下来放在跟python文件的同个目录
request请求后获取会话，准备到目的网页进行数据爬取

    def get_js(self, msg):  # python 调用JS加密 返回 加密后的结果with open('conwork.js', encoding='utf-8') as f:js = execjs.compile(f.read())return js.call('encodeInp', msg)def login_requests(self):user = '账号'pwd = '密码'csv_file_path = r'E://py//个人学期课程表.csv'encode = str(self.get_js(user)) + "%%%" + str(self.get_js(pwd)) + "="  # 获得加密后的东西form_data = {'encoded': encode}r_session = requests.session()r_session.post(self.login_url, headers=self.header, data=form_data)return r_session

②爬取数据

直接来到网页显示的课表页面，将此时的URL复制下来
又发现课表有多选框，所以为了数据准确性，需要进行post数据

周次的数据选择全部，也就是0

学期按时间，本次选择2019-2020-2

放大也选择是

请求的数据如下

        post_data = {'zc': '0', #周次选择全部'xnxq01id': '2019-2020-2', #学期'sfFd': '1' #放大}

根据登录的会话进行再次请求

post_data = {'zc': '0',  # 周次选择全部'xnxq01id': '2019-2020-2',  # 学期'sfFd': '1'  # 放大}response = r_session.get(self.score_url, headers=self.header,data=post_data)

③数据清洗

使用beautifulsoup进行数据筛选，弄出符合csv的二维列表格式

        soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'lxml')page = soup.find_all('div', attrs={'class': "kbcontent"})teachers1, teachers2 = [], []weeks1, weeks2 = [], []classrooms1, classrooms2 = [], []for i in page:teachers1.append(i.find('font', attrs={'title': '老师'}))weeks1.append(i.find('font', attrs={'title': '周次(节次)'}))classrooms1.append(i.find('font', attrs={'title': '教室'}))my_detail = list(page)for i in teachers1:if i == None:teachers2.append('\n')else:teachers2.append(i.string)for i in weeks1:if i == None:weeks2.append('\n')else:weeks2.append('\n' + i.string)for i in classrooms1:if i == None:classrooms2.append('\n')else:classrooms2.append('\n' + i.string)all_data = []pitch_number = ['（上午）\n第1，2节\n(08:00-08:45)\n(08:55-09:40)', '（上午）\n第3，4节\n(10:00-10:45)\n(10:55-11:40)','（下午）\n第5，6节\n(14:30-15:15)\n(15:25-16:10)', '（下午）\n第7，8节\n(16:20-16:05)\n(17:15-18:00)','（晚上）\n第9，10节\n(19:30-20:15)\n(20:25-21:10)', '第11，12节', '第13，14节']temp = []temp.append(pitch_number[0])num = 0pnum = 0for i in range(len(my_detail)):if my_detail[i].text == '\xa0':temp.append('\n\n\n')else:temp.append(my_detail[i].text.split(teachers2[i])[0] + '\n' + teachers2[i] + weeks2[i] + classrooms2[i])num = num + 1if num == 7:all_data.append(temp)temp = []pnum = pnum + 1temp.append(pitch_number[pnum])num = 0page2 = soup.find('td', attrs={'colspan': "7"})BZ = ['备注:' + page2.text, '\n', '\n', '\n', '\n', '\n', '\n', '\n']all_data.append(BZ)

④生成csv文件（可用excel打开）

     f = open(self.csv_file_path, 'w', newline='')csv_write = csv.writer(f)csv_write.writerow(['课程时间', '星期一', '星期二', '星期三', '星期四', '星期五', '星期六', '星期日'])for i in range(len(all_data)):csv_write.writerow(all_data[i])f.close()

最后附上所有代码

工程代码如下

import csv
import requests
import execjs
from bs4 import BeautifulSoupclass SpiderOfTimetable:login_url = 'http://jwgln.zsc.edu.cn/jsxsd/xk/LoginToXk'score_url = 'http://jwgln.zsc.edu.cn/jsxsd/xskb/xskb_list.do'header = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) ''Chrome/75.0.3770.100 Safari/537.36','Host': 'jwgln.zsc.edu.cn','Referer': 'http://jwgln.zsc.edu.cn/jsxsd/'}user = '账号'pwd = '密码'csv_file_path = r'C://个人学期课程表.csv' #生成文件的位置def get_js(self, msg):  # python 调用JS加密 返回 加密后的结果with open('conwork.js', encoding='utf-8') as f:js = execjs.compile(f.read())return js.call('encodeInp', msg)def login_requests(self):encode = str(self.get_js(self.user)) + "%%%" + str(self.get_js(self.pwd)) + "="  # 获得加密后的东西form_data = {'encoded': encode}r_session = requests.session()r_session.post(self.login_url, headers=self.header, data=form_data)return r_sessiondef parse_page(self,r_session):post_data = {'zc': '0',  # 周次选择全部'xnxq01id': '2019-2020-2',  # 学期'sfFd': '1'  # 放大}response = r_session.get(self.score_url, headers=self.header,data=post_data)soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'lxml')page = soup.find_all('div', attrs={'class': "kbcontent"})teachers1, teachers2 = [], []weeks1, weeks2 = [], []classrooms1, classrooms2 = [], []for i in page:teachers1.append(i.find('font', attrs={'title': '老师'}))weeks1.append(i.find('font', attrs={'title': '周次(节次)'}))classrooms1.append(i.find('font', attrs={'title': '教室'}))my_detail = list(page)for i in teachers1:if i == None:teachers2.append('\n')else:teachers2.append(i.string)for i in weeks1:if i == None:weeks2.append('\n')else:weeks2.append('\n' + i.string)for i in classrooms1:if i == None:classrooms2.append('\n')else:classrooms2.append('\n' + i.string)all_data = []pitch_number = ['（上午）\n第1，2节\n(08:00-08:45)\n(08:55-09:40)', '（上午）\n第3，4节\n(10:00-10:45)\n(10:55-11:40)','（下午）\n第5，6节\n(14:30-15:15)\n(15:25-16:10)', '（下午）\n第7，8节\n(16:20-16:05)\n(17:15-18:00)','（晚上）\n第9，10节\n(19:30-20:15)\n(20:25-21:10)', '第11，12节', '第13，14节']temp = []temp.append(pitch_number[0])num = 0pnum = 0for i in range(len(my_detail)):if my_detail[i].text == '\xa0':temp.append('\n\n\n')else:temp.append(my_detail[i].text.split(teachers2[i])[0] + '\n' + teachers2[i] + weeks2[i] + classrooms2[i])num = num + 1if num == 7:all_data.append(temp)temp = []pnum = pnum + 1temp.append(pitch_number[pnum])num = 0page2 = soup.find('td', attrs={'colspan': "7"})BZ = ['备注:' + page2.text, '\n', '\n', '\n', '\n', '\n', '\n', '\n']all_data.append(BZ)f = open(self.csv_file_path, 'w', newline='')csv_write = csv.writer(f)csv_write.writerow(['课程时间', '星期一', '星期二', '星期三', '星期四', '星期五', '星期六', '星期日'])for i in range(len(all_data)):csv_write.writerow(all_data[i])f.close()if __name__ == '__main__':spider = SpiderOfTimetable()session = spider.login_requests()spider.parse_page(session)

conwork.js文件代码

eval(function(p,a,c,k,e,d){e=function(c){return(c<a?"":e(parseInt(c/a)))+((c=c%a)>35?String.fromCharCode(c+29):c.toString(36))};if(!''.replace(/^/,String)){while(c--)d[e(c)]=k[c]||e(c);k=[function(e){return d[e]}];e=function(){return'\\w+'};c=1;};while(c--)if(k[c])p=p.replace(new RegExp('\\b'+e(c)+'\\b','g'),k[c]);return p;}('b 9="o+/=";p q(a){b e="";b 8,5,7="";b f,g,c,1="";b i=0;m{8=a.h(i++);5=a.h(i++);7=a.h(i++);f=8>>2;g=((8&3)<<4)|(5>>4);c=((5&s)<<2)|(7>>6);1=7&t;k(j(5)){c=1=l}v k(j(7)){1=l}e=e+9.d(f)+9.d(g)+9.d(c)+9.d(1);8=5=7="";f=g=c=1=""}u(i<a.n);r e}',32,32,'|enc4||||chr2||chr3|chr1|keyStr|input|var|enc3|charAt|output|enc1|enc2|charCodeAt||isNaN|if|64|do|length|ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789|function|encodeInp|return|15|63|while|else'.split('|'),0,{}))

工程目录格式