Linux性能观测——dstat命令详解
2024-05-15 23:47:08
dstat
dstat 用来替换vmstat、iostat、netstat、nfsstat和ifstat这些命令的工具,可以说是一个全能的系统信息统计工具。
相关命令
Linux存储性能观测——iostat命令详解
Linux存储性能观测——vmstat命令详解
Linux存储性能观测——free命令详解
安装
安装方式：
yum install -y dstat #Centos
sudo apt-get install dstat #Ubuntu
安装出现的问题以及解决方案：
# Ubuntu下的操作
$ sudo apt-get install dstat
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package dstat
# Ubuntu下找不到包的时候，只需要执行如下命令即可
$ sudo apt-get update
常用命令形式
$ dstat # 默认参数是-cdngy
You did not select any stats, using -cdngy by default.
----total-cpu-usage---- -dsk/total- -net/total- ---paging-- ---system--
usr sys idl wai hiq siq| read writ| recv send| in out | int csw 3 0 96 0 0 0| 436k 879k| 0 0 | 0 72B|4284 3494 7 0 92 0 0 0| 0 136k| 52k 327k| 0 0 |7019 4807 7 0 91 2 0 0| 0 26M| 32k 83k| 0 0 |6583 5640 7 0 93 0 0 0| 0 4086k| 37k 105k| 0 0 |5172 3559 7 0 92 0 0 0| 0 363k| 49k 227k| 0 0 |6626 4492
total-cpu-usage：
| usr | sys | idl | wai | hiq | siq |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 用户时间占比 | 系统时间占比 | 空闲时间占比 | 等待时间占比 | 硬中断 | 软中断 |
dsk/total：
| read | writ |
|---|---|
| 磁盘的读总数（KB或者MB） | 磁盘的写总数（KB或者MB） |
net/total：
| recv | send |
|---|---|
| 网络设备接收的数据总数（KB或者MB） | 网络设备发送的数据总数（KB或者MB） |
paging(系统的分页活动):
| in | out |
|---|---|
| 换入次数 | 换出次数 |
system（系统统计）：
| int | csw |
|---|---|
| 终端次数 | 上下文切换次数 |
英文说明
DSTAT(1) NAMEdstat - versatile tool for generating system resource statisticsSYNOPSISdstat [-afv] [options..] [delay [count]]DESCRIPTIONDstat is a versatile replacement for vmstat, iostat and ifstat. Dstat overcomes some of the limitations and adds some extra features.Dstat allows you to view all of your system resources instantly, you can eg. compare disk usage in combination with interrupts from your IDE controller, or compare the network bandwidth numbers directly with the diskthroughput (in the same interval).Dstat also cleverly gives you the most detailed information in columns and clearly indicates in what magnitude and unit the output is displayed. Less confusion, less mistakes, more efficient.Dstat is unique in letting you aggregate block device throughput for a certain diskset or network bandwidth for a group of interfaces, ie. you can see the throughput for all the block devices that make up a singlefilesystem or storage system.Dstat allows its data to be directly written to a CSV file to be imported and used by OpenOffice, Gnumeric or Excel to create graphs.NoteUsers of Sleuthkit might find Sleuthkit’s dstat being renamed to datastat to avoid a name conflict. See Debian bug #283709 for more information.OPTIONS-c, --cpuenable cpu stats (system, user, idle, wait, hardware interrupt, software interrupt)-C 0,3,totalinclude cpu0, cpu3 and total (when using -c/--cpu)-d, --diskenable disk stats (read, write)-D total,hdainclude total and hda (when using -d/--disk)-g, --pageenable page stats (page in, page out)-i, --intenable interrupt stats-I 5,10include interrupt 5 and 10 (when using -i/--int)-l, --loadenable load average stats (1 min, 5 mins, 15mins)-m, --memenable memory stats (used, buffers, cache, free)-n, --netenable network stats (receive, send)-N eth1,totalinclude eth1 and total (when using -n/--net)-p, --procenable process stats (runnable, uninterruptible, new)-r, --ioenable I/O request stats (read, write requests)-s, --swapenable swap stats (used, free)-S swap1,totalinclude swap1 and total (when using -s/--swap)-t, --timeenable time/date output-T, --epochenable time counter (seconds since epoch)-y, --sysenable system stats (interrupts, context switches)--aio enable aio stats (asynchronous I/O)--fs, --filesystemenable filesystem stats (open files, inodes)--ipc enable ipc stats (message queue, semaphores, shared memory)--lock enable file lock stats (posix, flock, read, write)--raw enable raw stats (raw sockets)--socketenable socket stats (total, tcp, udp, raw, ip-fragments)--tcp enable tcp stats (listen, established, syn, time_wait, close)--udp enable udp stats (listen, active)--unix enable unix stats (datagram, stream, listen, active)--vm enable vm stats (hard pagefaults, soft pagefaults, allocated, free)--plugin-nameenable (external) plugins by plugin name, see PLUGINS for optionsPossible internal stats areaio, cpu, cpu24, disk, disk24, disk24old, epoch, fs, int, int24, io, ipc, load, lock, mem, net, page, page24, proc, raw, socket, swap, swapold, sys, tcp, time, udp, unix, vm--list list the internal and external plugin names-a, --allequals -cdngy (default)-f, --fullexpand -C, -D, -I, -N and -S discovery lists-v, --vmstatequals -pmgdsc -D total--bits force bits for values expressed in bytes--floatforce float values on screen (mutual exclusive with --integer)--integerforce integer values on screen (mutual exclusive with --float)--bw, --blackonwhitechange colors for white background terminal--nocolordisable colors (implies --noupdate)--noheadersdisable repetitive headers--noupdatedisable intermediate updates when delay > 1--output filewrite CSV output to file--profileshow profiling statistics when exiting dstatPLUGINSWhile anyone can create their own dstat plugins (and contribute them) dstat ships with a number of plugins already that extend its capabilities greatly. Here is an overview of the plugins dstat ships with:--batterybattery in percentage (needs ACPI)--battery-remainbattery remaining in hours, minutes (needs ACPI)--cpufreqCPU frequency in percentage (needs ACPI)--dbus number of dbus connections (needs python-dbus)--disk-tpsper disk transactions per second (tps) stats--disk-utilper disk utilization in percentage--dstatshow dstat cputime consumption and latency--dstat-cpushow dstat advanced cpu usage--dstat-ctxtshow dstat context switches--dstat-memshow dstat advanced memory usage--fan fan speed (needs ACPI)--freespaceper filesystem disk usage--gpfs GPFS read/write I/O (needs mmpmon)--gpfs-opsGPFS filesystem operations (needs mmpmon)--helloworldHello world example dstat plugin--innodb-buffershow innodb buffer stats--innodb-ioshow innodb I/O stats--innodb-opsshow innodb operations counters--lustreshow lustre I/O throughput--memcache-hitsshow the number of hits and misses from memcache--mysql5-cmdsshow the MySQL5 command stats--mysql5-connshow the MySQL5 connection stats--mysql5-ioshow the MySQL5 I/O stats--mysql5-keysshow the MySQL5 keys stats--mysql-ioshow the MySQL I/O stats--mysql-keysshow the MySQL keys stats--net-packetsshow the number of packets received and transmitted--nfs3 show NFS v3 client operations--nfs3-opsshow extended NFS v3 client operations--nfsd3show NFS v3 server operations--nfsd3-opsshow extended NFS v3 server operations--ntp show NTP time from an NTP server--postfixshow postfix queue sizes (needs postfix)--powershow power usage--proc-countshow total number of processes--qmailshow qmail queue sizes (needs qmail)--rpc show RPC client calls stats--rpcd show RPC server calls stats--sendmailshow sendmail queue size (needs sendmail)--snoozeshow number of ticks per second--squidshow squid usage statistics--test show test plugin output--thermalsystem temperature sensors--top-bioshow most expensive block I/O process--top-bio-advshow most expensive block I/O process (incl. pid and other stats)--top-childwaitshow process waiting for child the most--top-cpushow most expensive CPU process--top-cpu-advshow most expensive CPU process (incl. pid and other stats)--top-cputimeshow process using the most CPU time (in ms)--top-cputime-avgshow process with the highest average timeslice (in ms)--top-intshow most frequent interrupt--top-ioshow most expensive I/O process--top-io-advshow most expensive I/O process (incl. pid and other stats)--top-latencyshow process with highest total latency (in ms)--top-latency-avgshow process with the highest average latency (in ms)--top-memshow process using the most memory--top-oomshow process that will be killed by OOM the first--utmp show number of utmp connections (needs python-utmp)--vmk-hbashow VMware ESX kernel vmhba stats--vmk-intshow VMware ESX kernel interrupt stats--vmk-nicshow VMware ESX kernel port stats--vm-memctlshow ballooning status inside VMware guests--vz-cpushow CPU usage per OpenVZ guest--vz-ioshow I/O usage per OpenVZ guest--vz-ubcshow OpenVZ user beancounters--wifi wireless link quality and signal to noise ratioARGUMENTSdelay is the delay in seconds between each updatecount is the number of updates to display before exitingThe default delay is 1 and count is unspecified (unlimited)INTERMEDIATE UPDATESWhen invoking dstat with a delay greater than 1 and without the --noupdate option, it will show intermediate updates, ie. the first time a 1 sec average, the second update a 2 second average, etc. until the delay has beenreached.So in case you specified a delay of 10, the 9 intermediate updates are NOT snapshots, they are averages over the time that passed since the last final update. The end result is that you get a 10 second average on a newline, just like with vmstat.EXAMPLESUsing dstat to relate disk-throughput with network-usage (eth0), total CPU-usage and system counters:dstat -dnyc -N eth0 -C total -f 5Checking dstat’s behaviour and the system impact of dstat:dstat -taf --debugUsing the time plugin together with cpu, net, disk, system, load, proc and top_cpu plugins:dstat -tcndylp --top-cputhis is identical todstat --time --cpu --net --disk --sys --load --proc --top-cpuUsing dstat to relate cpu stats with interrupts per device:dstat -tcyifBUGSSince it is practically impossible to test dstat on every possible permutation of kernel, python or distribution version, I need your help and your feedback to fix the remaining problems. If you have improvements orbugreports, please send them to: [1]dag@wieers.comNotePlease see the TODO file for known bugs and future plans.FILESPaths that may contain external dstat_*.py plugins:~/.dstat/(path of binary)/plugins//usr/share/dstat//usr/local/share/dstat/SEE ALSOPerformance toolsifstat(1), iftop(8), iostat(1), mpstat(1), netstat(1), nfsstat(1), nstat, vmstat(1), xosview(1)Debugging toolshtop(1), lslk(1), lsof(8), top(1)Process tracingltrace(1), pmap(1), ps(1), pstack(1), strace(1)Binary debuggingldd(1), file(1), nm(1), objdump(1), readelf(1)Memory usage toolsfree(1), memusage, memusagestat, slabtop(1)Accounting toolsdump-acct, dump-utmp, sa(8)Hardware debugging toolsdmidecode, ifinfo(1), lsdev(1), lshal(1), lshw(1), lsmod(8), lspci(8), lsusb(8), smartctl(8), x86info(1)Application debuggingmailstats(8), qshape(1)Xorg related toolsxdpyinfo(1), xrestop(1)Other useful infocollectl(1), proc(5), procinfo(8)AUTHORWritten by Dag Wieers [1]dag@wieers.comHomepage at [2]http://dag.wieers.com/home-made/dstat/This manpage was initially written by Andrew Pollock [3]apollock@debian.org for the Debian GNU/Linux system.REFERENCES1. dag@wieers.commailto:dag@wieers.com2. http://dag.wieers.com/home-made/dstat/http://dag.wieers.com/home-made/dstat/3. apollock@debian.orgmailto:apollock@debian.org0.7.0 06/15/2010 DSTAT(1)参考资料
linux manpage dstat
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