## *小白学习Winform 遇到的问题总结**

需求：

公司需要做一个血压体重一体机，功能就是可以配置血压器、体重器、读卡器等参数，实现刷卡自动测量体重血压等数据，这对于一个没有接触过winform的小白而言还是很有难度的

设计思路：

1、创建两个窗体，A和B，A窗体负责配置仪器信息，B窗体负责测量数据进行展示
2、创建了四个类：
（1）ReadCardInfo(负责读取患者信息，页面展示)；
（2）WeightMachine(连接体重仪，读取串口数据)；
（3）BloodPressure（连接血压器，读取高低压、心率数据）
（4）ScanerCode（扫码盒子，患者可以通过二维码直接进行扫码测量）
3、创建两个线程ReadThread、MeasureThread 分别进行读卡和测量操作

遇到的问题总结以及解决方法：

1、最大化窗口并且去除边框

//设置窗体位于左上角
this.StartPosition = 0;
//去除窗体边框
this.FormBorderStyle = FormBorderStyle.None;
//窗体最大化
this.WindowState = System.Windows.Forms.FormWindowState.Maximized;

2、取消跨线程检查，否则在给控件赋值的时候会报错

//取消跨线程检查
Control.CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false;

3、窗体加载和label控件赋值的时候会闪烁，可能是由于窗体添加背景图片引起的

//减少闪烁
SetStyle(ControlStyles.UserPaint, true);
SetStyle(ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint, true); // 禁止擦除背景.
SetStyle(ControlStyles.OptimizedDoubleBuffer, true);//双通道渲染
this.UpdateStyles();

总结分享：

第一次做winform项目，比较差劲，但是还是有很多收获的；接下来分享代码给大家，希望大家能够对大家有帮助
（1）读卡类ReadCardInfo

#region  描述
/
///作者：XXXX
///时间：XXX
///描述：读卡操作
/
#endregion
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;namespace AppWithoutBlutdruckAndWeight
{public class ReadCardInfo{//读卡器类型,1是明华,2德卡D3  默认是德卡public string ReadCardType = "2";//寻卡[DllImport("lib\\dcrf32.dll", EntryPoint = "dc_card")]public static extern Int16 dc_card(Int16 icdev, int mode, ref long Snr);//打开设备[DllImport("lib\\dcrf32.dll", EntryPoint = "dc_init")]public static extern Int16 dc_init(int port, int baud);//读取数据     从卡中读数据[DllImport("lib\\dcrf32.dll")]public static extern Int16 dc_read(Int16 icdev, int adr, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] byte[] sdata);//断开设备[DllImport("lib\\mwrf32.dll", EntryPoint = "rf_exit")]public static extern Int16 rf_exit(Int16 icdev);//读取数据     [DllImport("lib\\mwrf32.dll")]public static extern Int16 rf_read(Int16 icdev, int adr, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] byte[] sdata);[DllImport("lib\\dcrf32.dll", EntryPoint = "dc_load_key_hex")]public static extern Int16 dc_load_key_hex(Int16 icdev, int mode, int secnr, string keybuff);//验证某一扇区密码     [DllImport("lib\\dcrf32.dll")]public static extern Int16 dc_authentication(Int16 icdev, int _Mode, int _SecNr);//中止对该卡操作[DllImport("lib\\dcrf32.dll", EntryPoint = "dc_halt")]public static extern Int16 dc_halt(Int16 icdev);//断开设备[DllImport("lib\\dcrf32.dll", EntryPoint = "dc_exit")]public static extern Int16 dc_exit(Int16 icdev);//连接设备[DllImport("lib\\mwrf32.dll", EntryPoint = "rf_init")]public static extern Int16 rf_init(int port, int baud);//寻卡[DllImport("lib\\mwrf32.dll", EntryPoint = "rf_card")]public static extern Int16 rf_card(Int16 icdev, int mode, ref long Snr);//中止对该卡操作[DllImport("lib\\mwrf32.dll", EntryPoint = "rf_halt")]public static extern Int16 rf_halt(Int16 icdev);//蜂鸣器[DllImport("lib\\dcrf32.dll", EntryPoint = "dc_beep")]public static extern Int16 dc_beep(Int16 icdev, int version);//蜂鸣器[DllImport("lib\\mwrf32.dll", EntryPoint = "rf_beep")]public static extern Int16 rf_beep(Int16 icdev, int version);public string readCard(){string cardNo = "";//寻卡     成功/失败Int16 icdev = OpenCard();if (icdev < 0) return string.Empty;//验证     bool success = VerifyPassword(icdev, 1, 0);if (!success) return string.Empty;//读卡cardNo = ReadCard(icdev, 1, 0).Replace("\0", "").Trim();return cardNo;}public Int16 OpenCard(){if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(ReadCardType) && ReadCardType == "2"){Int16 icdev = dc_init(100, 9600);if (icdev < 0){return icdev;}long cardNo = 0;int result = dc_card((Int16)icdev, 1, ref cardNo);if (result == 0){return icdev;}else{// 寻卡失败dc_halt((Int16)icdev);dc_exit(icdev); //关闭设备return -1;}}else{// 打开设备Int16 icdev = rf_init(0, 9600);if (icdev < 0){return icdev;}// 寻卡long icCardNo = 0;int result = rf_card((Int16)icdev, 1, ref icCardNo);if (result == 0){// 寻卡成功 卡号为icCardNoreturn icdev;}else{// 寻卡失败rf_halt((Int16)icdev);rf_exit(icdev); //关闭设备return -1;}}}private bool VerifyPassword(Int16 icdev, int sector, int block){int ints = dc_load_key_hex(icdev, 0, sector, "FFFFFFFFFFFF");if (ints != 0) return false;// 验证密码int result = dc_authentication(icdev, 0, sector);if (result != 0){dc_halt((Int16)icdev);dc_exit(icdev);  //关闭设备return false;}return true;}private string ReadCard(Int16 icdev, int sector, int block){      int address = sector * 4 + block;byte[] temp1 = new byte[64 * 8];//德卡if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(ReadCardType) && ReadCardType == "2"){int result = dc_read(icdev, address, temp1);if (result == 0){dc_beep(icdev, 5);//提示音return Encoding.Default.GetString(temp1);}else{dc_beep(icdev, 20);//提示音return "";}}else//明华{int result = rf_read(icdev, address, temp1);if (result == 0){rf_beep(icdev, 5);//提示音return Encoding.Default.GetString(temp1);}else{rf_beep(icdev, 20);//提示音return "";}}}}
}

（2）体重测量 WeightMachine

#region  描述
/
///作者：XXXX
///时间：XXXX
///描述：连接串口读取体重数据
/
#endregionusing System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;namespace AppWithoutBlutdruckAndWeight
{public class WeightMachine{/// <summary>/// 串口对象/// </summary>private SerialPort serialPort = new SerialPort();/// <summary>/// 体重数据/// </summary>private string result = "0";/// <summary>/// 体重器类型/// </summary>public string WeightType = string.Empty;/// <summary>/// 计时器，一分钟未读出数据，停止读取/// </summary>public int CountTime = 0;public string ReadMessage(string baudrate,string Name){try{WeightType = Name;if (!serialPort.IsOpen){string[] portName = SerialPort.GetPortNames();serialPort.PortName = portName[0]; //端口名称serialPort.BaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(baudrate);   // 波特率4800serialPort.DataBits = 8;      // 每个字节的标准数据位长度。serialPort.StopBits = StopBits.One; //停止一位serialPort.Parity = Parity.None;    //偶校验//serialPort.ReadTimeout = 500; //接收延时ms//serialPort.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(DataReceivedHandler);serialPort.Open();}if (serialPort.IsOpen){CountTime = 0;while (true){Thread.Sleep(1000);CountTime++;byte[] readData = new byte[2048];     //获取接收缓冲区中数据的字节数。serialPort.Read(readData, 0, readData.Length);//从SerialPort 输入缓冲区中读取。string temp = Encoding.Default.GetString(readData);result = ParsingDataByType(temp.Trim());if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(result) && result != "0"){break;}if (CountTime > 120){result = "-1";break;}serialPort.DiscardInBuffer();serialPort.DiscardOutBuffer();}serialPort.Close();}return result;}catch (Exception ex){//MessageBox.Show("“" + ex.Message + "”设置硬件功能不可用！", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Warning);return "";}}public void CloseWeight() => serialPort.Close();#region 解析体重数据/// <summary>/// 解析数据/// </summary>private string ParsingDataByType(string data){string weightresult = "";switch (WeightType){case "上海志荣轮椅体重秤":string[] weight = data.Trim('=').Split('=');if (weight.Length > 3 && (weight[0].Trim() == weight[1].Trim() && weight[1].Trim() == weight[2].Trim())){char[] c = weight[0].Trim().ToCharArray();Array.Reverse(c);weightresult = Convert.ToInt32(new string(c)).ToString();}break;case "电子多功能秤seca685":break;}return weightresult;}#endregion}
}

3、读取血压 BloodPressure

#region  描述
/
///作者：XXXX
///时间：XXXX
///描述：连接串口读取血压、心率
/
#endregion
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Timers;
using System.Windows.Forms;namespace AppWithoutBlutdruckAndWeight
{public class BloodPressure{/// <summary>/// 血压器类型/// </summary>public string BloodPreType = string.Empty;SerialPort comm = new SerialPort();public BloodPressure(){}/// <summary>/// 读取数据/// </summary>/// <returns></returns>public string ReadMessage(string baudrate,string Name){BloodPreType = Name;try{string result = string.Empty;string[] portName = SerialPort.GetPortNames();comm.PortName = portName[0]; //端口名称comm.BaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(baudrate);comm.Parity = System.IO.Ports.Parity.None;comm.DataBits = 8;comm.StopBits = System.IO.Ports.StopBits.One;                comm.Handshake = System.IO.Ports.Handshake.None;comm.ReadTimeout = 90000;Thread.Sleep(1000);//接收缓冲区大小comm.Open();//读取并解析数据return ParsingDataByType();               }catch (Exception ex){return "-1";}finally{comm.Close();}}/// <summary>/// 关闭串口/// </summary>public void CloseBlood() => comm.Close();#region 解析血压、心率数据/// <summary>/// 解析数据/// </summary>private string ParsingDataByType(){string bloodResult = "";string result = "";switch (BloodPreType){case "健太郎血压仪9020(RVIII)":break;case "RBP-9000c和RBP-9001台式血压计":int count = 0;string subStr = "";while (true){byte[] buf = new byte[1];comm.Read(buf, 0, 1);string str = Convert.ToString(buf[0], 10);result += str;//前24位信息组成 前导码、设备版本、数据长度、类型标识、类型子码、用户标识、测量时间if (result.Length > 24){                           subStr += str;if (subStr.Length >= 3){subStr = subStr.TrimStart('0');bloodResult += subStr + "|";count++;subStr = "";}if (count >= 3) break;                          }                       }bloodResult = bloodResult.Trim('|');break;}return bloodResult;}#endregion}
}

（4）扫码盒子的代码我就不贴了，网上自行搜索，或者留言给我