第六章 SpringCloud之Ribbon负载均衡

###################使用默认的负载均衡(轮询)#############################

1、pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><groupId>com.test</groupId><artifactId>eureka-client-ribbon</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>eureka-client-ribbon</name><description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description><properties><java.version>1.8</java.version><spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR1</spring-cloud.version></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies><dependencyManagement><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId></plugin></plugins></build></project>

View Code

2、application.yml

server:port: 8665
user:userServicePath: http://localhost:8663/user/spring:application:name: eureka-client-ribbon
eureka:instance:hostname: localhostprefer-ip-address: trueinstance-id: ${spring.application.name}:${spring.application.instance_id:${server.port}}client:serviceUrl:defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:8661/eureka

3、对RestTemplate添加注解

package com.test.eurekaclientribbon;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class EurekaClientRibbonApplication {@Bean@LoadBalanced  //使restTemplate具备负载均衡的作用public RestTemplate restTemplate(){return  new RestTemplate();}public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(EurekaClientRibbonApplication.class, args);}}

4、使用restTemplate对象远程调用服务

package com.test.eurekaclientribbon.controller;import com.test.eurekaclientribbon.entity.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;/*** Ribbon使用步骤：* 全局配置*      1、添加依赖*      2、配置application.yml文件*      3、对启动类中的RestTemplate添加@LoadBalanced注解，使得RestTemplate对象具备负载均衡能力*      4、请求路径为：被调用方的地址，但必须将被调用方的ip地址改为virtualIp*          例如   restTemplate.getForObject("http://eureka-client-user/user/"+id, User.class);*                被调用方URL:http://192.168.137.1:8663/user/*                       现为：http://eureka-client-user/user/*/
@RestController
public class MovieController {@Autowiredprivate RestTemplate restTemplate;@Value("${user.userServicePath}")private String userServicePath;/* @Autowiredprivate LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;*/@GetMapping("/movie/{id}")public User findById(@PathVariable Long id) {//请用虚拟ipreturn restTemplate.getForObject("http://eureka-client-user/user/"+id, User.class);}/*** 配置单一的方法进行轮询* @return*//* @GetMapping("/test")public String test() {//请用虚拟ipServiceInstance serviceInstance =loadBalancerClient.choose("eureka-client-user");System.out.println(serviceInstance.getHost()+":"+serviceInstance.getPort());return "1";}*/
}

5、访问

http://localhost:8661/  #查看eureka
http://192.168.137.1:8663/user/2    #确保自己调用可以访问
http://192.168.137.1:8665/movie/4  #远程调用测试

###################配置对单一的方法进行轮询(使用loadBalancerClient)########################

1、针对第一个步骤中的(4),进行修改

package com.test.eurekaclientribbon.controller;import com.test.eurekaclientribbon.entity.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;/*** Ribbon使用步骤：* 全局配置*      1、添加依赖*      2、配置application.yml文件*      3、对启动类中的RestTemplate添加@LoadBalanced注解，使得RestTemplate对象具备负载均衡能力*      4、请求路径为：被调用方的地址，但必须将被调用方的ip地址改为virtualIp*          例如   restTemplate.getForObject("http://eureka-client-user/user/"+id, User.class);*                被调用方URL:http://192.168.137.1:8663/user/*                       现为：http://eureka-client-user/user/*/
@RestController
public class MovieController {/* @Autowiredprivate RestTemplate restTemplate;
*/@Value("${user.userServicePath}")private String userServicePath;@Autowiredprivate LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;/* @GetMapping("/movie/{id}")public User findById(@PathVariable Long id) {//请用虚拟ipreturn restTemplate.getForObject("http://eureka-client-user/user/"+id, User.class);}*//*** 配置单一的方法进行轮询* @return*/@GetMapping("/test")public String test() {//请用虚拟ipServiceInstance serviceInstance =loadBalancerClient.choose("eureka-client-user");System.out.println(serviceInstance.getHost()+":"+serviceInstance.getPort());return "1";}
}

###################全局修改负载均衡方式########################

1、针对(2)application.yml文件添加下面配置

server:port: 8665
user:userServicePath: http://localhost:8663/user/

spring:application:name: eureka-client-ribbon
eureka:instance:hostname: localhostprefer-ip-address: trueinstance-id: ${spring.application.name}:${spring.application.instance_id:${server.port}}client:serviceUrl:defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:8661/eureka
eureka-client-user:  #远程服务虚拟主机名ribbon:NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.RoundRobinRule  #随机方式#可以通过IRule类查看负载均衡方式#RoundRobinRule  轮询#RandomRule 随机

###################编写Configuration文件指定负载均衡方式########################

1、创建一个配置类

package com.test.eurekaclientribbon.config;
import com.netflix.client.config.IClientConfig;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configuration
public class RibbonConfig {@Beanpublic IRule ribbonRule() {return new RandomRule();}
}

2、在启动类上添加注解

package com.test.eurekaclientribbon;import com.test.eurekaclientribbon.config.RibbonConfig;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@RibbonClient(name = "eureka-client-user",configuration = RibbonConfig.class)  //表示eureka-client-user主机使用这个规则
public class EurekaClientRibbonApplication {@Bean@LoadBalanced  //使restTemplate具备负载均衡的作用public RestTemplate restTemplate(){return  new RestTemplate();}public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(EurekaClientRibbonApplication.class, args);}}

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/ywjfx/p/10549550.html

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