需求：安装Oracle 12.1.0.2数据库的PSU 20160719补丁

一.安装步骤：

1.补丁下载

将/usr/ccs/bin和OPatch路径加到$PATH中：

csssit@msuu335:/csssitarch$ echo $PATH

/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/csssitapp/oracsssit/12.1.0/bin:/usr/ccs/bin:/csssitapp/oracsssit/12.1.0/OPatch

MOS上下载最新的opatch补丁：p6880880_122010_SOLARIS64.zip

cd $ORACLE_HOME

mv OPatch OPatch_old

uzip p6880880_122010_SOLARIS64.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME/

chown -R csssit:dba $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch

MOS上下载12.1.0.2的PSU 20160719补丁：p23273629_121020_SOLARIS64.zip

2.补丁安装

cd /csssitarch/software

mkdir psu

unzip p23273629_121020_SOLARIS64.zip ./psu

cd psu

cd 23273629

cd 23054246

opatch apply

根据提示输入Y，直到安装提示成功.

cd ..

cd 23054327

opatch apply

根据提示输入Y，直到安装提示成功.

csssit@msuu335:/csssitarch/software/psu/23273629$ opatch lsinventory

Installed Top-level Products (1):

Oracle Database 12c 12.1.0.2.0

There are 1 products installed in this Oracle Home.

Interim patches (2) :

Patch 23054327 : applied on Mon Sep 12 17:47:47 CST 2016

Unique Patch ID: 20235292

Patch description: "OCW Patch Set Update : 12.1.0.2.160719 (23054327)"

Created on 16 Jul 2016, 15:20:37 hrs UTC

Bugs fixed:

21339083, 19701617, 18589889, 20768643, 19139608, 19280860, 19061429

21453435, 19133945, 19341538, 19521169, 20011424, 18946768, 19135521

18604143, 19361757, 19187207, 19302350, 19627476, 19130141, 19530755

20568884, 20317221, 19699720, 20177779, 19620918, 19168690, 19266658

18899171, 19244316, 19653795, 18330979, 19027351, 18634372, 19471722

21227730, 18707416, 19536337, 19184188, 19131709, 21113068, 20235486

19925992, 20160490, 20006646, 20995001, 18991776, 18439295, 15922206

21131037, 19380733, 21245437, 18943696, 20552947, 19591984, 19550195

19163425, 18135723, 20014326, 19524857, 18849021, 18890943, 18861196

19154753, 17940721, 18524834, 18748932, 18835283, 19522313, 19184765

19499021, 21639478, 19046190, 20923930, 14851828, 20028666, 19051385

19050688, 19682695, 19831611, 20598625, 19226141, 21607972, 19053891

18871287, 18998228, 18922918, 18980002, 21087799, 18956780, 19683886

19325604, 19682778, 23757020, 19026993, 18777835, 20110156, 17338864

21269977, 18261648, 18362971, 19558324, 22651583, 18945906, 19513650

20185476, 18952577, 19702758, 18882642, 19478119, 19414274, 17447588

19262534, 20752167, 19147513, 21242118, 19514085, 19473088, 20758997

19178517, 18729269, 19529729, 19659885, 19455563, 19319904, 20877072

18703978, 18536826, 20340620, 19700256, 19703246, 19292605, 20467806

22264951, 19192901, 21527118, 20920711, 20660273, 20011635, 17592037

22989069, 19479503, 19147751, 19029647, 19179158, 22302421, 18901356

19140712, 20012766, 21232394, 18964974, 22162062, 18835366, 19184276

19013789, 19207286, 20001507, 20510208, 18950232, 22583325, 19259765

19148791, 19680763, 20079414, 19556820, 16505171, 22135419, 19449737

18962892, 21646169, 19187515, 19513888, 19230771, 14661880, 21519340

20218012, 21222147, 20795241, 19453778, 19853036, 19551830, 19068333

21616278, 18843572, 18520351, 18945435, 19185148, 19232454, 20775015

21220597, 18541110, 19319192, 18834955, 19204743, 19178629, 20839581

19304104, 21694237, 19140891, 18747335, 19284357, 20676340, 19270660

19457575, 20725084, 21297657, 19021575, 19069755, 18715884, 18798573

19584688, 19018001, 19812592, 19325701, 19270956, 19292272, 21967791

20877003, 21794779, 18700893, 19222693, 19662663, 21276514, 18406774

19684131, 20607821, 19010177, 21082737, 19272663, 18910576, 18907170

21694632, 19426384, 9372680, 20115586, 20883009, 19700294, 19164099

20289828, 19331454, 18283792, 20278216, 20827053, 19155350, 20119857

19703199, 22456393, 20588164, 18955644, 20991879, 18508710, 19908346

18798432, 19146822, 19589221, 21123424, 18952857, 19471836, 19537762

20936562, 21152052, 16286734, 18750781, 20669114, 18762843, 18945249

19045143, 19146980, 22483804, 19184799, 19205086, 19601003, 20099624

19351363, 21378016, 20091753, 18862203, 19281106, 19537547, 19031737

19079087, 19148367, 18968981, 19150517, 20231741, 19954372, 19217019

18730096, 18235274, 18975620, 19205617, 19513351, 18843054, 19150313

20219458, 18708349, 19332386, 18953639, 19067804, 21423055, 21259359

19371270, 19203996, 19054979, 19209951, 19318983, 18747382, 20038431

19154673, 18752378, 22905714, 19150088, 19370846, 19013444, 19234177

21053036, 18998379, 20157569, 21357522, 18999857, 19273577, 19075747

19367276, 19632437, 18990354, 19288396, 19874047, 19612597, 19557558

20620581, 19427050, 19127078, 18910443, 20900588, 22088198, 20053557

20033787, 19315567, 19444471, 19148982, 20953798, 18290252, 18813323

19915945, 19777496, 19500293, 20730170, 18643483, 19277814, 19134098

18523468, 20562133, 19071526, 21420753, 18965694, 19226858, 18850051

20433932, 19602208, 19591356, 22884308, 20061168, 18417590, 19370739

18920408, 20822591, 18636884, 19609388, 20136892, 18776786, 18989446

22289350, 19148793, 19043795, 19585454, 20746507, 18260170, 18317489

19955755, 18919682, 19059053, 19807548, 19124972, 18678829, 19147509

18849896, 19617592, 18910748, 18953878, 19273758, 19319357, 19076165

18999195, 19498411, 19704993, 18759724, 21294273, 19459023, 20634511

21474380, 19066844, 21484367, 20276459, 17208793, 19234907, 20290467

13843841, 19538714, 19649640, 19383028, 19062675, 21924910, 19513969

22195657, 18859710, 20862812, 19504641, 19341481, 18304090, 20293730

19986391, 19343245, 19314048, 18834934, 19473851, 19241655, 19458082

18242738, 19470791, 18894342, 20649573, 18372060, 19522067, 18953889

18827679, 19259290, 19023430, 19140711, 19045388, 20186278, 19241857

19522571, 19076778, 18875012, 19709663, 18861564, 19066699, 19273760

19225265, 15885689, 20853464, 18819158, 21696068, 19068003, 18937186

20267877, 19049721, 21394146, 19916737, 19368917, 22393909, 21255373

19635215, 18868829, 19613533, 20579351, 20408163, 20350915, 21327402

21057239, 22024217, 20783416, 19315522, 19141785, 23101338, 19163887

19885321, 19820247, 18715868, 18852058, 20363708, 19538241, 19804032

Patch 23054246 : applied on Mon Sep 12 17:44:03 CST 2016

Unique Patch ID: 20274131

Patch description: "Database Patch Set Update : 12.1.0.2.160719 (23054246)"

Created on 13 Jul 2016, 06:40:56 hrs PST8PDT

Sub-patch 22291127; "Database Patch Set Update : 12.1.0.2.160419 (22291127)"

Sub-patch 21948354; "Database Patch Set Update : 12.1.0.2.160119 (21948354)"

Sub-patch 21359755; "Database Patch Set Update : 12.1.0.2.5 (21359755)"

Sub-patch 20831110; "Database Patch Set Update : 12.1.0.2.4 (20831110)"

Sub-patch 20299023; "Database Patch Set Update : 12.1.0.2.3 (20299023)"

Sub-patch 19769480; "Database Patch Set Update : 12.1.0.2.2 (19769480)"

Bugs fixed:

19189525, 21847223, 21099555, 21649497, 19075256, 19141838, 22762046

22075064, 20117253, 19865345, 19791273, 18845653, 19280225, 19248799

19243521, 20951038, 18988834, 21756699, 21281532, 19238590, 21184223

18921743, 20245930, 18799063, 19134173, 20373598, 19571367, 20476175

20925795, 19018206, 20509482, 20711718, 20387265, 20588502, 19149990

21263635, 18849537, 18886413, 17551063, 22507210, 19183343, 19366375

19703301, 21917884, 19001390, 18202441, 19189317, 20267166, 19644859

19390567, 19358317, 19279273, 19706965, 18549238, 16863642, 19068970

22528741, 18797519, 20825533, 19619732, 18607546, 20348653, 19649152

19670108, 18940497, 18948177, 19315691, 19676905, 18964978, 19176326

20165574, 19035573, 20413820, 17867700, 20558005, 19176223, 19532017

20904530, 20134339, 19450314, 19074147, 22353346, 20868862, 18411216

22507234, 20361671, 20425790, 18966843, 20009833, 22366558, 21329301

20294666, 18191823, 19333670, 19195895, 19371175, 19307662, 19154375

20043616, 20124446, 18914624, 19468991, 19883092, 21291274, 19382851

19520602, 19174521, 21875360, 19676012, 19326908, 19658708, 19591608

19402853, 20093776, 20618595, 21787056, 22380919, 21246723, 17835294

19721304, 19068610, 19791377, 21665897, 22178855, 22173980, 20048359

20746251, 19143550, 20898391, 19185876, 19627012, 20281121, 19577410

22092979, 19001359, 14283239, 19518079, 18610915, 19490948, 17532734

18674024, 18306996, 19309466, 19081128, 19524158, 19915271, 20122715

21188532, 18791688, 20284155, 20890311, 21442094, 20596234, 18973548

21296029, 19303936, 19597439, 20936905, 20235511, 21220620, 20880215

18964939, 21756677, 19888853, 19534363, 19430401, 19354335, 19044962

19639483, 22296366, 22353199, 21153266, 19409212, 19879746, 20657441

19684504, 20528052, 19024808, 20977794, 20378086, 18799993, 21756661

21260431, 18740837, 22923409, 19028800, 20877664, 20228093, 20879889

19065556, 19723336, 19077215, 19604659, 21421886, 19524384, 17722075

19308965, 18288842, 19048007, 19689979, 20446883, 18952989, 16870214

19928926, 19835133, 21629064, 21526048, 19197175, 19180770, 20466628

19902195, 19931709, 20318889, 19013183, 19730508, 19012119, 19067244

20074391, 20356733, 14643995, 19512341, 19841800, 20331945, 19587324

19065677, 19547370, 19578350, 21225209, 19637186, 20397490, 18967382

19174430, 21241829, 19054077, 18674047, 20898997, 19708632, 19536415

21091431, 19289642, 20869721, 22168163, 19335438, 19258504, 20447445

17365043, 18856999, 19468347, 19869255, 20471920, 21373473, 21620471

16359751, 18990693, 17890099, 19769480, 19439759, 19272708, 18990023

19978542, 19329654, 20101006, 21300341, 20402832, 19873610, 20848335

23229229, 21744290, 21668627, 21517440, 13542050, 19304354, 19052488

20794034, 19291380, 21915719, 23260854, 18681056, 20952966, 19896336

19076343, 19561643, 18618122, 19990037, 20440930, 18456643, 19699191

19201867, 19487147, 18909599, 20831538, 19016730, 18250893, 20798891

18743542, 20347562, 16619249, 18354830, 22551446, 19777862, 19687159

21373076, 19174942, 20424899, 21188584, 19989009, 17414008, 20688221

21899588, 20441797, 19157754, 19058490, 19032777, 22815955, 19399918

18885870, 19434529, 21273804, 19018447, 21450666, 18893947, 18851894

16923858, 18417036, 20919320, 19022470, 19284031, 20474192, 20173897

22046677, 22062026, 19501299, 19385656, 20920911, 17274537, 20899461

21315084, 19440586, 16887946, 22374754, 17319928, 19606174, 20708701

18436647, 17655240, 19023822, 19124589, 19178851, 16439813, 19805359

19597583, 18499088, 19155797, 19050649, 19393542

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

OPatch succeeded.

3.补丁注册

将补丁注册到数据字典中：

cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin

sqlplus /nolog

SQL> CONNECT / AS SYSDBA

SQL> STARTUP

SQL> @catbundle.sql psu apply

执行成功后，查看:

SQL> select * from dba_registry_history;

no rows selected

没有记录，查阅资料显示12C改为查看:

SQL> select patch_id,action,status from dba_registry_sqlpatch;

no rows selected

同样没有记录，后面从网上查到12C的补丁注册改成了用datapatch工具。

改为datapatch执行操作：

csssit@msuu335:cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch

csssit@msuu335:~/12.1.0/OPatch$ ./datapatch -verbose

SQL Patching tool version 12.1.0.2.0 on Tue Sep 13 08:51:19 2016

Copyright (c) 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Log file for this invocation: /csssitapp/oracsssit/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/sqlpatch_21004_2016_09_13_08_51_19/sqlpatch_invocation.log

Connecting to database...OK

Bootstrapping registry and package to current versions...done

Determining current state...done

Current state of SQL patches:

Bundle series PSU:

ID 160719 in the binary registry and not installed in the SQL registry

Adding patches to installation queue and performing prereq checks...

Installation queue:

Nothing to roll back

The following patches will be applied:

23054246 (Database Patch Set Update : 12.1.0.2.160719 (23054246))

Installing patches...

Patch installation complete. Total patches installed: 1

Validating logfiles...

Patch 23054246 apply: SUCCESS

logfile: /csssitapp/oracsssit/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/23054246/20274131/23054246_apply_CSSSIT_2016Sep13_08_52_27.log (no errors)

SQL Patching tool complete on Tue Sep 13 08:52:57 2016

SQL> select patch_id,action,status from dba_registry_sqlpatch;

PATCH_ID ACTION STATUS

---------- --------------- ---------------

23054246 APPLY SUCCESS

SQL> select * from dba_registry_history;

no rows selected

现在通过dba_registry_sqlpatch已查看到了注册的补丁，而通过dba_registry_history依然没有记录。

二.Datapatch工具说明：

数据库 12c Datapatch 是 Oracle 数据库 12c 中的另一个新工具，它可以自动为数据库补丁执行 post-patch SQL 操作。

Datapatch 通过匹配一个内部存储库与 patch inventory 来决定所需的应用/回滚操作。 Datapatch 驻留在的 opatch 目录，即 $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch 文件夹(在 Windows 平台上： %ORACLE_HOME%\OPatch)。

数据库 12c Datapatch 支持 Oracle 多租户，并且简化并加快了多个数据库打补丁的过程。

哪些补丁工具使用了 Datapatch?

Opatchauto

OPatchAuto 自动调用 datapatch 完成安装数据库的二进制补丁并重启后 post patch 的操作。

企业管理云控制(Enterprise Manager Cloud Control)

从 12.1 版本开始，EMCC 现在调用 datapatch 来完成任何 12c 或者更高版本的数据库重启之后的 post patch 的操作

升级

Catctl.pl 和 DBUA 现在在升级过程中调用 Datapatch

OPatch

Datapatch 与 OPatch 的整合是不可能的。因为 OPatch 在数据库关闭时执行，而 datapatch 要求数据库是打开以完成其活动。

SQL 补丁注册表(SQL Patch Registry table)

该表包含了哪些 SQL 补丁已经被应用和/或回滚在给定的数据库的信息。每个数据库都有一个 SQL 补丁注册表，因此，如果在同一个 Oracle 主目录中运行多个数据库，每个数据库都有自己的 SQL 补丁注册表。

要在注册表中检查 datapatch 条目，从 SQL 提示符下键入以下命令：

select * from dba_registry_sqlpatch;

数据库 12.1.0.2 功能增强

下列的功能增强是在数据库 12c 补丁集 12.1.0.2 引入:

dba_registry_history 不再用作为补丁信息

datapatch -rollbackall 选项可用来回滚当前已安装的所有 SQL 补丁

Catbundle 被整合到 datapatch

Datapatch 支持的补丁类型:

"Napply" Patch

Composite Patches

One-off Patches