本人手头电脑是Win10 Home版全新安装的系统，由于不想在新系统盘里面安装TexLive导致固态硬盘不断扩大，所以，考虑安装Ubuntu做为WSL，然后把TexLive安装在Ubuntu，并通过VS Code调用Ubuntu命令来写Latex的方法来写一些论文。在此，提供一个思路给大家借鉴。

Windows 10安装WSL2和Ubuntu 18.04

这个过程其实直接参照微软的标准过程就可以了，大致步骤总结如下：

去控制面板开启Virtual Machine Platform和Windows Subsystem for Linux(WSL)

在Win10的Settings里面开启Windows Insider Program的Slow模式(需要微软账户)

检查并且更新Win10系统版本到新的版本

打开Win10里面个人比较喜欢的命令行工具输入wsl --set-default-version 2来把默认的WSL版本升级到WSL2

去Microsoft Store安装并且下载Ubuntu 18.04 app

下载并且等到安装完毕就可以了

在Ubuntu 18.04安装TexLive 2019

这个过程安装稍微要长一点，保持耐心就好，步骤如下：

解压以后进入解压后的文件夹并执行这个命令来安装sudo ./install-tl -repository https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet/(在选项里面选择allow execution of restricted list of programs via \write18和create all format files，然后选择set up for portable installation)

等待一段时间后，安装好的TexLive在/usr/local/texlive这个目录

安装字体配置器以备以后安装字体使用sudo apt install fontconfig

如果需要配置字体，随时把想要的字体文件(.otf，.ttf等)拷贝到/usr/share/fonts下面，然后运行sudo fc-cache -f -v来扫描字体目录并生成字体信息的缓存

VS Code配置TexLive的运行环境并编译生成PDF文件

最后就可以来利用Ubuntu的TexLive环境来在VS Code里编译生成PDF文件了。下面着重讲讲VS Code的配置(对VS Code小白比较适用，高手勿喷)。

首先要安装VS Code的扩展程序叫做Latex Workshop(VS Code运行Latex必须的扩展)，安装完在VS Code最左边会看到一个Tex字样的图标

点击这个Tex图标，然后按Ctrl+Shift+P来打开Preferences: Open Settings (JSON)，输入以下内容：{

"editor.wordWrap": "on",

"workbench.startupEditor": "newUntitledFile",

// 对应Clean up auxiliary files命令需要清楚的临时文件类型

"latex-workshop.latex.clean.fileTypes": [

"*.aux",

"*.bbl",

"*.blg",

"*.bcf",

"*.cut",

"*.dvi",

"*.idx",

"*.ind",

"*.lof",

"*.lot",

"*.out",

"*.toc",

"*.xml",

"*.pdf",

"*.acn",

"*.acr",

"*.alg",

"*.glg",

"*.glo",

"*.gls",

"*.ist",

"*.fls",

"*.log",

"*.fdb_latexmk",

"*.gz"

],

// 这个viewer的配置好像不太需要，因为在对应的View Latex PDF命令里面可以选浏览方式

"latex-workshop.view.pdf.viewer": "tab",

// 重点：这决定了下面的recipes调用不同TeX命令具体的执行方式

"latex-workshop.latex.tools": [

{

"name": "latex",

"command": "wsl",

"args": [

"-u",

"YOUR LINUX USERNAME",

"/absolute/path/to/your/latex",

"-src",

"-interaction=nonstopmode",

"%DOCFILE%.tex"

]

},

{

"name": "pdflatex",

"command": "wsl",

"args": [

"-u",

"YOUR LINUX USERNAME",

"/absolute/path/to/your/pdflatex",

"-synctex=1",

"-interaction=nonstopmode",

"-aux-directory=build",

"%DOCFILE%.tex"

]

},

{

"name": "xelatex",

"command": "wsl",

"args": [

"-u",

"YOUR LINUX USERNAME",

"/absolute/path/to/your/xelatex",

"-synctex=1",

"-interaction=nonstopmode",

"%DOCFILE%.tex"

]

},

{

"name": "lualatex",

"command": "wsl",

"args": [

"-u",

"YOUR LINUX USERNAME",

"/absolute/path/to/your/lualatex",

"-synctex=1",

"-interaction=nonstopmode",

"%DOCFILE%.tex"

]

},

{

"name": "dvips",

"command": "wsl",

"args": [

"-u",

"YOUR LINUX USERNAME",

"/absolute/path/to/your/dvips",

"-o",

"%DOCFILE%.ps",

"%DOCFILE%.dvi"

]

},

{

"name": "dvipng",

"command": "wsl",

"args": [

"-u",

"YOUR LINUX USERNAME",

"/absolute/path/to/your/dvipng",

"-T",

"tight",

"-D",

"120",

"%DOCFILE%.dvi"

]

},

{

"name": "ps2pdf",

"command": "wsl",

"args": [

"-u",

"YOUR LINUX USERNAME",

"/absolute/path/to/your/ps2pdf",

"%DOCFILE%.ps"

]

},

{

"name": "dvipdf",

"command": "wsl",

"args": [

"-u",

"YOUR LINUX USERNAME",

"/absolute/path/to/your/dvipdfm",

"%DOCFILE%.dvi"

]

},

{

"name": "bibtex",

"command": "wsl",

"args": [

"-u",

"YOUR LINUX USERNAME",

"/absolute/path/to/your/bibtex",

"%DOCFILE%.aux"

]

},

{

"name": "biber",

"command": "wsl",

"args": [

"-u",

"YOUR LINUX USERNAME",

"/absolute/path/to/your/biber",

"%DOCFILE%.bcf"

]

}

],

// 这个会生成在Commands里面的recipe

"latex-workshop.latex.recipes": [

{

"name": "latex",

"tools": [

"latex"

]

},

{

"name": "pdftex",

"tools": [

"pdflatex"

]

},

{

"name": "xelatex",

"tools": [

"xelatex"

]

},

{

"name": "luatex",

"tools": [

"lualatex"

]

},

{

"name": "dvips",

"tools": [

"dvips"

]

},

{

"name": "dvipng",

"tools": [

"dvipng"

]

},

{

"name": "ps2pdf",

"tools": [

"ps2pdf"

]

},

{

"name": "dvipdf",

"tools": [

"dvipdf"

]

},

{

"name": "bibtex",

"tools": [

"bibtex"

]

},

{

"name": "biber",

"tools": [

"biber"

]

}

]

}

至此环境已经准备完毕，重启以下VS Code，下面就是怎么打开你的Tex文件，然后点击刚才左侧的Tex图标，并且调出Commands窗口，在Build LaTeX Project下面的Recipe就可以利用不同的Tex命令来编译生成PDF文件了。纵观整个过程，这个settings.json的配置是重点。

来源：oschina

链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/4394125/blog/3310809