1 root@VB:# python
2 >>>import cv2
3 >>>cv2.__version__
4 ‘3.2.0‘

1 >>> import cv2
2 Traceback (most recent call last):
3   File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
4 ImportError: No module named cv2

1 >>> import cv2
2 >>> cv2.__version__
3 ‘3.2.0‘

2、从官网下载最新opencv源码（2.4以上）

 http://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary/   或者github  

3、编译opencv

将opencv放至任意目录，解压   unzip opencv-  3.0.  0-rc1. zip     创建编译目录，编译  

cd ~/opencv-3.0.0-rc1
mkdir release
cd release
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..
make
sudo make install

4、测试opencv

1) 创建工作目录

mkdir ~/opencv-lena
cd ~/opencv-lena
gedit DisplayImage.cpp

2) 编辑如下代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
using namespace cv;
int main(int argc, char** argv )
{if ( argc != 2 ){printf("usage: DisplayImage.out <Image_Path>\n");return -1;}Mat image;image = imread( argv[1], 1 );if ( !image.data ){printf("No image data \n");return -1;}namedWindow("Display Image", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );imshow("Display Image", image);waitKey(0);return 0;
}

3) 创建CMake编译文件

gedit CMakeLists.txt

写入如下内容  

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
project( DisplayImage )
find_package( OpenCV REQUIRED )
add_executable( DisplayImage DisplayImage.cpp )
target_link_libraries( DisplayImage ${OpenCV_LIBS} )

4) 编译

cd ~/opencv-lena
cmake .
make

5) 执行

此时opencv-lena文件夹中已经产生了可执行文件DisplayImage，下载lena.jpg放在opencv-lena下，运行  

./DisplayImage lena.jpg

6) 结果

  

《注意》：如果打开python后，import cv2时，提示：

1 >>> import cv2
2 Traceback (most recent call last):
3   File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
4 ImportError: No module named cv2

则需要安装python-opencv模块，在命令窗口中键入: pip install opencv-python安装成功后，即可导入cv2，此时能够正确导入cv2，且正确显示版本号：

1 >>> import cv2
2 >>> cv2.__version__
3 '3.2.0'