vrrp over nqa

相信学习到这里的同学，已经不需求我在这里为大家讲解nqa到底是怎么一个技术，本篇着重讲述nqa和vrrp联合的一个工作场景是这样的；

nqa与vrrp结合适合的最独特的场景莫过于本篇所做的实验，网络中具有两重vrrp，并且是连在一起的两重vrrp；

如下面拓扑图所示，我们的网络是由三层构成，第一层和第二层配置了第一重vrrp，这一重vrrp主要是实现设备冗余，当我们的核心设备无法工作时，可以及时的切换网络，使网络可以正常的通信；

同时，第二层和第三层又做了一组vrrp，这是第二重vrrp，这个vrrp传统的接口监听或者是bfd链路探测，就会出现一个问题，我们无法明确上行链路的一个通信情况，这时需要使用nqa探测，来检测上行链路的情况了；

可能有同学不知道为什么会无法明确上行链路的通信情况，我们可以同时监听两条链路啊，当断掉一条，我们减去一部分，但维持比备份链路高的优先级，当第二条链路出现问题，我们再减去一部门，这两部分都减去了，优先才会比备份链路低就好了，没必要做nqa探测；

其实，在这个实验中，网络结构还是比较简单，对于这个做法，在第一层到第二层之间是一种直连状态的情况，是可取的，但如果出现了第一层和第二层之间，存在一台设备，如集线器，二层交换等；就会出现无效监听的现象，这就是vrrp监听接口和bfd监听接口之间的区别，当然，我们也可以做两条bfd链路探测，同时监听两条bfd，但这样设备的负载也会相对提高，同时对于网络管理员来说工作量也会提高；

总的来说，vrrp和nqa探测，并不是不可替代，相对来说，这类情况，比较适用于nqa，可以达到效果的配置方法很多，主要还是看个人理解，技术是死的，人是活的，学习各种技术，就是为了最后可以灵活运用，在不同的情况下，选择最优解，最有效的方式，解决问题，完成作业，让客户、老板满意才是最有用的。

实验

本配置为单独实验，不与其他篇章的实验相关，命令已完善！

LSW3

[LSW3]vlan batch 10

Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.

[LSW3]interface g0/0/3

[LSW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access

[LSW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 10

[LSW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit

[LSW3]interface g0/0/1

[LSW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk

[LSW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10

[LSW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[LSW3]interface g0/0/2

[LSW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk

[LSW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10

[LSW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

[LSW3]stp region-configuration

[LSW3-mst-region] region-name MSTP

[LSW3-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 2 10

[LSW3-mst-region] instance 2 vlan 3 20

[LSW3-mst-region] instance 3 vlan 4

[LSW3-mst-region] active region-configuration

Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.

[LSW3-mst-region]quit

LSW4

[LSW4]vlan batch 20

Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.

[LSW4]interface g0/0/3

[LSW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access

[LSW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 20

[LSW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit

[LSW4]interface g0/0/1

[LSW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk

[LSW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 20

[LSW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[LSW4]interface g0/0/2

[LSW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk

[LSW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan 20

[LSW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

[LSW4]stp region-configuration

[LSW4-mst-region] region-name MSTP

[LSW4-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 2 10

[LSW4-mst-region] instance 2 vlan 3 20

[LSW4-mst-region] instance 3 vlan 4

[LSW4-mst-region] active region-configuration

Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.

[LSW4-mst-region]quit

LSW1

[LSW1]vlan batch 2 4 10 20

Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.

[LSW1]interface g0/0/3

[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk

[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10

[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit

[LSW1]interface g0/0/4

[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk

[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan 20

[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]quit

[LSW1]interface Eth-trunk 1

[LSW1-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport g 0/0/5 to 0/0/6

Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.

[LSW1-Eth-Trunk1]port link-type trunk

[LSW1-Eth-Trunk1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 4

[LSW1-Eth-Trunk1]quit

[LSW1]interface g0/0/1

[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access

[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 2

[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[LSW1]interface g0/0/2

[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access

[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 2

[LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

[LSW1]interface vlan 10

[LSW1-Vlanif10]ip address 192.168.1.253 24

[LSW1-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.1.254

[LSW1-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 priority 120

[LSW1-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 preempt-mode timer delay 10

[LSW1-Vlanif10]ospf cost 5

[LSW1-Vlanif10]quit

[LSW1]interface vlan 20

[LSW1-Vlanif20]ip address 192.168.2.253 24

[LSW1-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 192.168.2.254

[LSW1-Vlanif20]ospf cost 10

[LSW1-Vlanif20]quit

[LSW1]interface vlan 2

[LSW1-Vlanif2]ip address 10.2.2.4 29

[LSW1-Vlanif2]quit

[LSW1]interface vlan 4

[LSW1-Vlanif4]ip address 10.4.4.1 30

[LSW1-Vlanif4]quit

[LSW1]ospf

[LSW1-ospf-1]area 0

[LSW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255

[LSW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255

[LSW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.7

[LSW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.4.4.0 0.0.0.3

[LSW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit

[LSW1-ospf-1]quit

[LSW1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.2.2.1

[LSW1]stp region-configuration

[LSW1-mst-region]region-name MSTP

[LSW1-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 2 10

[LSW1-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 3 20

[LSW1-mst-region]instance 3 vlan 4

[LSW1-mst-region]active region-configuration

Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.

[LSW1-mst-region]quit

[LSW1]stp instance 1 root primary

[LSW1]stp instance 2 root secondary

[LSW1]quit

//nqa配置情况如下，使用icmp方式检测，每10s检测2次，即没5s探测一次

[LSW1]nqa test-instance 1 admin

[LSW1-nqa-1-admin]test-type icmp

[LSW1-nqa-1-admin]destination-address ipv4 10.2.2.1

[LSW1-nqa-1-admin]frequency 10

[LSW1-nqa-1-admin]probe-count 2

[LSW1-nqa-1-admin]star now

[LSW1-nqa-1-admin]quit

[LSW1]interface vlan 10

[LSW1-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 track nqa 1 admin reduced 30

[LSW1-Vlanif10]quit

LSW2

[LSW2]vlan batch 3 4 10 20

Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.

[LSW2]interface g0/0/3

[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk

[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10

[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit

[LSW2]interface g0/0/4

[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk

[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan 20

[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]quit

[LSW2]interface g0/0/1

[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access

[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 3

[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[LSW2]interface g0/0/2

[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access

[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 3

[LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

[LSW2]interface Eth-trunk 1

[LSW2-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport g 0/0/5 to 0/0/6

Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.

[LSW2-Eth-Trunk1]port link-type trunk

[LSW2-Eth-Trunk1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20 4

[LSW2-Eth-Trunk1]quit

[LSW2]interface vlan 10

[LSW2-Vlanif10]ip address 192.168.1.252 24

[LSW2-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.1.254

[LSW2-Vlanif10]ospf cost 10

[LSW2-Vlanif10]quit

[LSW2]interface vlan 20

[LSW2-Vlanif20]ip address 192.168.2.252 24

[LSW2-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 192.168.2.254

[LSW2-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 priority 120

[LSW2-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 preempt-mode timer delay 10

[LSW2-Vlanif20]ospf cost 5

[LSW2-Vlanif20]quit

[LSW2]interface vlan 3

[LSW2-Vlanif3]ip add 10.3.3.4 29

[LSW2-Vlanif3]quit

[LSW2]interface vlan 4

[LSW2-Vlanif4]ip address 10.4.4.2 30

[LSW2-Vlanif4]quit

[LSW2]ospf

[LSW2-ospf-1]a 0

[LSW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255

[LSW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255

[LSW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.3.3.0 0.0.0.7

[LSW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.4.4.0 0.0.0.3

[LSW2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit

[LSW2-ospf-1]quit

[LSW2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.3.3.1

[LSW2]stp region-configuration

[LSW2-mst-region] region-name MSTP

[LSW2-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 2 10

[LSW2-mst-region] instance 2 vlan 3 20

[LSW2-mst-region] instance 3 vlan 4

[LSW2-mst-region] active region-configuration

Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.

[LSW2-mst-region]quit

[LSW2]stp instance 1 root secondary

[LSW2]stp instance 2 root primary

[LSW2]quit

[LSW2]nqa test-instance 1 admin

[LSW2-nqa-1-admin]test-type icmp

[LSW2-nqa-1-admin]destination-address ipv4 10.3.3.1

[LSW2-nqa-1-admin]probe-count 2

[LSW2-nqa-1-admin]frequency 10

[LSW2-nqa-1-admin]star now

[LSW2-nqa-1-admin]quit

[LSW2]interface vlan 20

[LSW2-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 2 track nqa 1 admin reduced 30

[LSW2-Vlanif20]quit

AR2

[AR2]interface g0/0/1

[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 10.2.2.2 29

[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.2.2.1

[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]vrrp vrid 1 priority 120

[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]vrrp vrid 1 preempt-mode timer delay 10

[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]vrrp vrid 1 track interface s1/0/0 reduced 30

[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf cost 5

[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[AR2]interface g0/0/2

[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 10.3.3.2 29

[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 10.3.3.1

[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ospf cost 10

[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

[AR2]interface g0/0/0

[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.1.1.1 30

[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf cost 10

[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[AR2]acl 2000

[AR2-acl-basic-2000]rule permit

[AR2-acl-basic-2000]quit

[AR2]interface s1/0/0

[AR2-Serial1/0/0]ip address 1.1.1.1 30

[AR2-Serial1/0/0]nat outbound 2000

[AR2-Serial1/0/0]quit

[AR2]ospf

[AR2-ospf-1]a 0

[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.7

[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.3.3.0 0.0.0.7

[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3

[AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit

[AR2-ospf-1]quit

[AR2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 1.1.1.2

[AR2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.1.1.2 preference 80

AR3

[AR3]interface g0/0/0

[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.1.1.2 30

[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf cost 10

[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[AR3]interface g0/0/2

[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 10.2.2.3 29

[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ospf cost 10

[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.2.2.1

[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

[AR3]interface g0/0/1

[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 10.3.3.3 29

[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 10.3.3.1

[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]vrrp vrid 2 priority 120

[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]vrrp vrid 2 preempt-mode timer delay 10

[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]vrrp vrid 2 track interface s1/0/1 reduce 30

[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf cost 5

[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[AR3]acl 2000

[AR3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit

[AR3-acl-basic-2000]quit

[AR3]interface s1/0/1

[AR3-Serial1/0/1]ip address 2.2.2.1 30

[AR3-Serial1/0/1]nat outbound 2000

[AR3-Serial1/0/1]quit

[AR3]ospf

[AR3-ospf-1]a 0

[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.7

[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.3.3.0 0.0.0.7

[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3

[AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit

[AR3-ospf-1]quit

[AR3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 2.2.2.2

[AR3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.1.1.1 preference 80

AR1

[AR1]interface s1/0/0

[AR1-Serial1/0/0]ip address 1.1.1.2 30

[AR1-Serial1/0/0]quit

[AR1]interface s1/0/1

[AR1-Serial1/0/1]ip address 2.2.2.2 30

[AR1-Serial1/0/1]quit

[AR1]interface LoopBack 1

[AR1-LoopBack1]ip add 100.0.0.1 3

eNSP第五篇扩展1：vrrp over nqa，nqa探测，双重vrrp监听方法1，vrrp与nqa结合相关推荐

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