课前想一想

1.What influences will driverless cars bring to our society?

2. Do you believe that driverless cars will bring traffic accidents away in the future?

3.How to say“铸剑为犁”in English?

词汇装备库

1.parameter/pə'ræmɪtər/(n.)限定因素；参数；范围；规范

2. morality /mə'ræləti/

(n.)道德，道义；道德体系

public morality公共道德

private morality私德

3.beguilingly/bɪgaɪlɪŋli/(adv.)欺骗地；有趣地

4.foresee/fɔ:r'si:/(v.)预见；预知

Can you foresee what will happen in the future?

你能预见将来会发生什么吗？

5.optimist/'ɑ:ptɪmɪst/(n.)乐观主义者，乐天派

He/She is a born optimist.

他/她天生是个乐天派。

6.pixel/'pɪksl/(n.)像素(电视或计算机屏幕图像的最小组成单位)

7. interception / ,ɪntər'sepʃn/

(n.)拦截，截断；窃听

8. latency /'leɪtənsi/

(n.)潜伏；潜在因素

The latency period for the cancer is 15 years.癌症的潜伏期为15年。

词句兵工厂

We don't need the heavy steel, rigid bodies of these cars to protect the inhabitants.

我们不需要笨重的钢铁，坚固的车身来保护乘客。

Note:

1.rigid/'rɪdʒɪd/(adj.)僵硬的；固定的；坚固的

I was rigid with fear.

我被吓得呆若木鸡。

2. inhabitant/ɪn'hæbɪtənt/

(n.)(某地的)居民，栖居动物

The city has about 10,000 inhab-itants.

这座城市大约有1万居民。

The first inhabitant of the farm was my great-grandfather,who built the house.

农场的第一个居民是我的曾祖父，他建造了这座房子。

词句兵工厂

Driverless cars will usher in the world where road traffic accidents will be a thing of the past, where the lion will lie down with the lamb, swords will be beaten into ploughshares, and people will be nicer, kinder, happier and richer.无人驾驶汽车将开创一个道路交通事故不复存在的世界，在那里羔羊将会与猛狮同眠，铸剑为犁，人们会更加善良，友好，快乐，富有。

Note:

1.usher/ʌʃər/(v.)引导；把…引往

She ushered us into her office and offered us coffee.

她把我们领进她的办公室，给我们倒了咖啡。

usher in 开创(尤指重大的变化或新事物)

These changes could usher in a period of dramatic economic growth.

这些改变有可能开启一个经济急剧增长的时期。

2.a thing of the past往事

Letter-writing has become a thing of the past.写信已经成了往事。

3.lie down躺下

I'm so tired-I need to lie down.

我好累，我需要躺下(休息)。

4.sword/sɔ:rd/

(n.)(尤指旧时使用的)剑，刀

5.ploughshare/'plaʊʃer/

(n.)犁锵，桦头

词句兵工厂

A few of the things we've really im-proved over the last few weeks is we've managed to sort out a lot of the visual odometry, so the car can work out really accurately, where it is in three-dimensional space.

在过去几周内我们所做出的改进是解决了很多视觉里程计的问题，让汽车可以在三维空间内运行得非常精确。

Note:

1.over the past/last+一段时间表示在过去的一段时间里

China has experienced great chang-es over the last forty years .

中国在过去的四十年里经历了巨变。

2.sort out 整理，归整；解决

It was difficult to sort out the lies from the truth.

从事实中辨别谎言是很难的。

I've spent nearly an hour on this math problem, but I still can't sort it out.这道数学题我已经花了将近一个小时了，但我还是算不出来。

3.visual/'vɪʒuəl/

(adj.)视觉的；视力的

4. odometry /ə'dɒmɪtrɪ/

(n.)量距，测程法

5.work out 锻炼；结果是，算下来

In fact, the trip worked out cheaper than we'd expected.

实际上，这次旅行花的钱算下来比我们预计的少。

6.three-dimensional 三维的

*-dimensional作后缀，前面可以加数字，指维度、维数

词句兵工厂

From the very early days, the Bronze Age, the Stone Age, to the day of the smartphones and modern medicine, it has freed us, it has levelled the play-ing field for everybody, and has em-powered us as a human race. Why stop that?

从最初的青铜时代，石器时代，到有智能手机，现代医学的如今，科技解放了我们，为每个人提供一个公平的起点，赋予我们人类力量，为什么要阻止它呢？

Note:

1.the Bronze Age 青铜时代

2.the Stone Age 石器时代

3.free/fri:/(v.)释放；使自由，解放

4.level/'levl/(v.)弄平，使平整

5.playing field 操场，竞技场

level the playing field 创造公平竞争的环境

There is a high demand for new laws and restrictions to be introduced in order to level the playing field.

人们强烈要求出台新的法律和限制，以创造公平的竞争环境。

a level playing field公平竞争的环境

6.empower/ɪm'paʊər/(v.)给(某人)做...的权力；授权；使自主

语法轻知识

英语中的宾语补足语

Marker sentence:

If it can make my commute into work that much easier, I won't have to stress about it in the morning , that'd be grand如果可以让我上下班通勤变得那么简单，每天早上起来不用考虑堵车压力那太棒了。

放在宾语之后，对宾语受到谓语动词作用之后产生的变化、所处的状态进行补足说明的这种结构就是宾语补足语，简称“宾补”。

1.在英语中，名词、形容词、副词、介词短语都可以充当宾语的补足语，这些词语作宾补时，主要是为了说明宾语的属性、状态等。

She told me to call her Liz.

她让我叫她丽兹。

We'll have guests this afternoon.

Put your dirty socks away !

我们今天下午有客人。把你的脏袜子收起来！

2.不定式、现在分词、过去分词也可以作宾补，用以说明宾语的后续动作。

He warned me to stay away from his daughter.

他警告我离他女儿远一点。

I smelt something burning.

我闻到有东西烧焦了。

She had her phone repaired last Sunday.

上个星期天她把手机送去维修了。

实战练兵场

(2006年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题完形填空)

Finding ways to assist this growing homeless population has become in-creasingly difficult. Even when home-less individuals manage to find a shelter that will give them three meals

a day and a place to sleep at night , a good number still spend the bulk of each day 13 the street .

13.

[A] searching [B] strolling

[C] crowding [D] wandering

解析：

词义辨析题，需要从上下文的含义入手。选段的意思是：寻找帮助这些不断增长的无家可归者的方法变得越来越困难。即使无家可归的人设法找到一个可以给他们提供一日三餐和晚上睡觉的地方的避难所，仍有一部分人不能找到休息的地方，而继续流离失所。从even这个词可以看出，两个句子之间应该是让步关系。

四个选项中，A选项searching,指搜寻；B选项strolling,指漫步，闲逛；C选项crowding,表示拥挤；D选项wander-ing,指游荡，徘徊，流浪。只有D选项最符合上下文的内容。

【答案】D

文化加油站

Talk show 小贴士

1. Autonomous cars prevent human errors from happening as the system controls the vehicle.

自动驾驶汽车是由系统来控制车辆，因此可以避免人类会犯的错误。

prevent...from阻止，防止

vehicle/'vi:əkl/(n.)车辆；机动车

2. Great minds think alike.

英雄所见略同。

3. Though it has been successfully pro-grammed, there will still be a possible unexpected glitch that can happen.

尽管它是被设置好程序的，但仍然可能会有无法预见的故障发生。

programme/'proʊgræm/

(v.)为...制订计划；由...安排

glitch / glɪtʃ/

(n.)小毛病；小差错；小故障

4. Driverless systems will definitely trigger many debates about legal,ethical, and financial responsibility.

无人驾驶系统一定会引发法律、道德和经济责任方面的一系列辩论。

trigger/trɪgər/(v.)引起，引发(坏事)

5.How would the police interact with driverless vehicles, especially in the case of accidents or crimes?

尤其是在发生交通事故或犯罪行为的情况下，警察又该怎样和无人驾驶汽车打交道呢？

interact/,ɪntər'ækt/(v.)交流，交往；互相作用

主题打包盒

1.自动驾驶汽车将对人类社会产生深远的影响。这些影响有好有坏，有些影响将会超出我们的想象。此外，还有一些实际问题以及伦理问题仍待解决，而近些年，已经有类似的问题显现出来了。

2.斯坦试着乘坐了一辆无人驾驶汽车，显然，这辆车还存在着许多问题。不过他仍然很乐观。他认为，在2021年左右，自动驾驶将实现商业化。尽管民意调查显示，人们对于无人驾驶技术意见不一，但抛开保留意见，这一趋势似乎不可阻挡，无人驾驶汽车的黎明已经到来。

图片发自简书App

图片发自简书App