powerpc如何移植Linux系统,PowerPC平台 u-boot 移栽
PowerPC平台 u-boot 移植
PowerPC功能很强的通信处理器，支持1000M以太网接口，以Freescale的P1010处理器为开发平台，讲述移植linux的整个过程，与大家分享。
1.配置交叉编译链
网上下载交叉编译工具，配置环境变量
sudo gedit /etc/environment
在末尾添加交叉编译链路径
:/home/freescale/work/tools/freescale/bin
log out(不需要重启)，输入如下，验证交叉编译是否安装成功：
freescale@freescale-sdk:~/work/u-boot$ powerpc-linux-gnu-gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=powerpc-linux-gnu-gcc
........
gcc version 4.5.1 (Sourcery G++ Lite 2010.09-55)
freescale@freescale-sdk:~/work/u-boot$
2.新增单板
freescale@freescale-sdk:~/work/source/u-boot-2010.12$ make distclean
freescale@freescale-sdk:~/work/source/u-boot-2010.12$ cd board/freescale/
freescale@freescale-sdk:~/work/source/u-boot-2010.12/board/freescale$ cp p1010rdb p1010acce -rf
freescale@freescale-sdk:~/work/source/u-boot-2010.12/board/freescale$ cd ../..
freescale@freescale-sdk:~/work/source/u-boot-2010.12$ cd include/configs/
freescale@freescale-sdk:~/work/source/u-boot-2010.12/include/configs$ cp P1010RDB.h P1010BOARD.h
freescale@freescale-sdk:~/work/source/u-boot-2010.12/include/configs$ cd ../..
freescale@freescale-sdk:~/work/source/u-boot-2010.12$ vim boards.cfg
add:
P1010BOARD_NOR powerpc mpc85xx p1010acce freescale - P1010BOARD:P1010BOARD
freescale@freescale-sdk:~/work/source/u-boot-2010.12$ make P1010BOARD_NOR_config
Configuring for P1010BOARD_NOR - Board: P1010BOARD, Options: P1010BOARD
freescale@freescale-sdk:~/work/source/u-boot-2010.12$
freescale@freescale-sdk:~/work/source/u-boot-2010.12$ make
Generating include/autoconf.mk
/home/freescale/work/source/u-boot-2010.12/include/asm/config_mpc85xx.h:328:2: error: #error Processor type not defined for this platform
Generating include/autoconf.mk.dep
/home/freescale/work/source/u-boot-2010.12/include/asm/config_mpc85xx.h:328:2: error: #error Processor type not defined for this platform
powerpc-linux-gnu-gcc -DDO_DEPS_ONLY \
-g -Os -mrelocatable -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fPIC -meabi -D__KERNEL__ -DCONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE=0xeff80000 -I/home/freescale/work/source/u-boot-2010.12/include -fno-builtin -ffreestanding -nostdinc -isystem /home/freescale/work/tools/freescale-2010.09/bin/../lib/gcc/powerpc-linux-gnu/4.5.1/include
-pipe -DCONFIG_PPC -D__powerpc__ -ffixed-r2 -Wa,-me500 -msoft-float -mno-string -mno-spe -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fno-stack-protector \
-o lib/asm-offsets.s lib/asm-offsets.c -c -S
In file included from /home/freescale/work/source/u-boot-2010.12/include/asm/config.h:25:0,
from /home/freescale/work/source/u-boot-2010.12/include/config.h:6,
from /home/freescale/work/source/u-boot-2010.12/include/common.h:37,
from lib/asm-offsets.c:18:
/home/freescale/work/source/u-boot-2010.12/include/asm/config_mpc85xx.h:328:2: error: #error Processor type not defined for this platform
make: *** [lib/asm-offsets.s] Error 1
freescale@freescale-sdk:~/work/source/u-boot-2010.12$
编译报错，修改如下：
solutions:
freescale@freescale-sdk:~/work/source/u-boot-2010.12$ vim boards.cfg
P1010BOARD_NOR powerpc mpc85xx p1010acce freescale - P1010BOARD:P1010RDB
继续编译，成功生成u-boot.bin
freescale@freescale-sdk:~/work/source/u-boot-2010.12$ make P1010BOARD_NOR
........
.5.1/nof -lgcc -Map u-boot.map -o u-boot
powerpc-linux-gnu-objcopy -O srec u-boot u-boot.srec
powerpc-linux-gnu-objcopy --gap-fill=0xff -O binary u-boot u-boot.bin
freescale@freescale-sdk:~/work/source/u-boot-2010.12$
3.修改配置支持DDR3
烧写上面生成的u-boot.bin(0xfff80000),配置串口 115200 8 n 1，打印如下：
U-Boot 2013.01-dirty (May 18 2015 - 20:04:36)
CPU: P1010, Version: 1.0, (0x80f10010)
Core: E500, Version: 5.1, (0x80212151)
Clock Configuration:
CPU0:800 MHz,
CCB:400 MHz,
DDR:200 MHz (400 MT/s data rate) (Synchronous), IFC:100 MHz
L1: D-cache 32 kB enabled
I-cache 32 kB enabled
Board: P1010RDB
I2C: ready
SPI: ready
DRAM: DDR: failed to read SPD from address 82
SPD error on controller 0! Trying fallback to raw timing calculation
Detected UDIMM Fixed DDR on board
The choosen cas latency 5 is too large
1 GiB (DDR3, 32-bit, CL=5, ECC off)
Flash: 32 MiB
L2: 256 KB enabled
NAND: 16 MiB
MMC: FSL_SDHC: 0
*** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
PCIe1: Root Complex of mini PCIe Slot, no link, regs @ 0xffe0a000
PCIe1: Bus 00 - 00
PCIe2: Root Complex of PCIe Slot, no link, regs @ 0xffe09000
PCIe2: Bus 01 - 01
In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial
Net: PHY reset timed out
PHY reset timed out
PHY reset timed out
eTSEC1 [PRIME], eTSEC2, eTSEC3
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
系统启动不稳定，经常卡死。log打印显示DDR配置失败。DDR: failed to read SPD from address 82
跟踪代码
_start:
bl cpu_init_early_f
bl cpu_init_f
init_early_memctl_regs();
bl board_init_f
Board.c (...\u-boot-2010.12\arch\powerpc\lib) 27583 2015/5/18
for (init_fnc_ptr = init_sequence; *init_fnc_ptr; ++init_fnc_ptr) {
if ((*init_fnc_ptr) () != 0) {
hang ();
}
probecpu,
board_early_init_f,
init_timebase,
env_init,
init_baudrate,
serial_init,
console_init_f,
display_options,
checkcpu,
checkboard,INIT_FUNC_WATCHDOG_RESET
init_func_i2c,
init_func_spi,
INIT_FUNC_WATCHDOG_RESET
init_func_ram,
puts ("DRAM: ");
initdram (0)
Cpu.c (...\u-boot-2010.12\arch\powerpc\cpu\mpc85xx) 14954 2015/5/18
#if defined(CONFIG_SPD_EEPROM) || \
defined(CONFIG_DDR_SPD) || \
defined(CONFIG_DDR_RAW_TIMING)
dram_size = fsl_ddr_sdram();
#else
dram_size = fixed_sdram();
#endif
比对P1010rdb单板，新建单板没有使用SPD，利用ERROE_ROM存储DDR配置信息，去掉SPD相关宏，修改如下：
P1010BOARD.h
/* DDR Setup */
#define CONFIG_FSL_DDR3
/*#define CONFIG_DDR_RAW_TIMING
#define CONFIG_DDR_SPD
#define CONFIG_SYS_SPD_BUS_NUM 1*/
#define SPD_EEPROM_ADDRESS 0x52
修改Ddr.c (....\u-boot-2010.12\board\freescale\p1010acce) 7474 5/23/2015
ddr_freq = get_ddr_freq(0);
modified to
ddr_freq = 667*1000000;//配置成667MHz
4.编译烧写单板，系统启动正常
U-Boot 2010.12 (May 23 2015 - 13:59:51)
CPU: P1010, Version: 1.0, (0x80f10010)
Core: E500, Version: 5.1, (0x80212151)
Clock Configuration:
CPU0:800 MHz,
CCB:400 MHz,
ddr_ratio = 7
DDR:200 MHz (400 MT/s data rate) (Synchronous), IFC:100 MHz
L1: D-cache 32 kB enabled
I-cache 32 kB enabled
Board: P1010RDB
I2C: ready
SPI: ready
DRAM: Configuring DDR for 667 MT/s data rate
DDR: 1 GiB (DDR3, 32-bit, CL=5, ECC off)
FLASH: 32 MiB
L2: 256 KB enabled
NAND: NAND device: Manufacturer ID: 0x53, Chip ID: 0x53 (Unknown NAND 16MiB 3,3V 16-bit)
NAND bus width 8 instead 16 bit
No NAND device found!!!
0 MiB
*** Warning - bad CRC, using default environment
PCIe1: Root Complex of mini PCIe Slot, no link, regs @ 0xffe0a000
PCIe1: Bus 00 - 00
PCIe2: Root Complex of PCIe Slot, no link, regs @ 0xffe09000
PCIe2: Bus 01 - 01
In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial
Net: PHY reset timed out
PHY reset timed out
PHY reset timed out
eTSEC1 [PRIME], eTSEC2, eTSEC3
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
5.修改网卡驱动，支持phy ar8033
(1)根据单板修改phy地址
P1010BOARD.h：
#define TSEC1_PHY_ADDR 1
#define TSEC2_PHY_ADDR 6/*0->6*/
#define TSEC3_PHY_ADDR 4/*2->4*/
增加宏
Miiphyutil.c (...\u-boot\common) 42:
#define MII_DEBUG
编译烧写，调试log如下：
Net: miiphy_register: added 'eTSEC1', read=0x3ff618d8, write=0x3ff61884
eTSEC1: No support for PHY id ffffffff; assuming generic
miiphy_register: added 'eTSEC2', read=0x3ff618d8, write=0x3ff61884
eTSEC2: No support for PHY id 4dd074; assuming generic
miiphy_register: added 'eTSEC3', read=0x3ff618d8, write=0x3ff61884
eTSEC3: No support for PHY id 4dd074; assuming generic
eTSEC1, eTSEC2, eTSEC3
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
=>
u-boot不支持单板的phy,分析phy启动增加phy ar8033支持
(2)分析phy驱动
start.S
bl board_init_r
puts ("Net: ");
eth_initialize (bd);
miiphy_init();
board_eth_init
tsec_eth_init(bis, tsec_info, num);
tsec_initialize(bis, &tsecs[i]);
eth_register(dev);
miiphy_register(dev->name, tsec_miiphy_read, tsec_miiphy_write);
debug ("miiphy_register: added '%s', read=0x%08lx, write=0x%08lx\n",
new_dev->name, new_dev->read, new_dev->write);
init_phy(dev);
get_phy_info(dev);
/* loop through all the known PHY types, and find one that */
/* matches the ID we read from the PHY. */
for (i = 0; phy_info[i]; i++) {
if (phy_info[i]->id == (phy_ID >> phy_info[i]->shift)) {
theInfo = phy_info[i];
break;
}
}
Tsec.c (.....\u-boot-2010.12\drivers\net) 57620 2015/5/18
phy_info数组没有支持ar8033,增加phy支持：
add:
struct phy_info phy_info_AR8033 = {
0x4dd074,
"AR8033",
0,
(struct phy_cmd[]) { /* config */
{PHY_BMCR, PHY_BMCR_RESET, NULL},
{PHY_BMCR, PHY_BMCR_AUTON|PHY_BMCR_RST_NEG, NULL},
{0x1d, 0x05, NULL},
{0x1e, 0x3D47, NULL},
{miim_end,}
},
(struct phy_cmd[]) { /* startup */
{PHY_BMSR, miim_read, NULL},
{PHY_BMSR, miim_read, &mii_parse_sr},
{PHY_BMSR, miim_read, &mii_parse_link},
{miim_end,}
},
(struct phy_cmd[]) { /* shutdown */
{miim_end,}
}
};
static struct phy_info *phy_info[] = {
2060 add:
&phy_info_AR8033,
重新编译，烧写调试：
U-Boot 2010.12 (May 23 2015 - 16:06:42)
CPU: P1010, Version: 1.0, (0x80f10010)
Core: E500, Version: 5.1, (0x80212151)
Clock Configuration:
CPU0:800 MHz,
CCB:400 MHz,
DDR:200 MHz (400 MT/s data rate) (Synchronous), IFC:100 MHz
L1: D-cache 32 kB enabled
I-cache 32 kB enabled
Board: P1010RDB
I2C: ready
SPI: ready
DRAM: Configuring DDR for 667 MT/s data rate
DDR: 1 GiB (DDR3, 32-bit, CL=5, ECC off)
FLASH: 32 MiB
L2: 256 KB enabled
NAND: NAND device: Manufacturer ID: 0x53, Chip ID: 0x53 (Unknown NAND 16MiB 3,3V 16-bit)
NAND bus width 8 instead 16 bit
No NAND device found!!!
0 MiB
PCIe1: Root Complex of mini PCIe Slot, no link, regs @ 0xffe0a000
PCIe1: Bus 00 - 00
PCIe2: Root Complex of PCIe Slot, no link, regs @ 0xffe09000
PCIe2: Bus 01 - 01
In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial
Net: miiphy_register: added 'eTSEC1', read=0x3ff618d0, write=0x3ff6187c
eTSEC1: No support for PHY id ffffffff; assuming generic
miiphy_register: added 'eTSEC2', read=0x3ff618d0, write=0x3ff6187c
eTSEC2: PHY is AR8033 (4dd074)
miiphy_register: added 'eTSEC3', read=0x3ff618d0, write=0x3ff6187c
eTSEC3: PHY is AR8033 (4dd074)
eTSEC1, eTSEC2, eTSEC3
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
=>
6.测试如下：
=> setenv ethaddr 00:04:9f:ef:01:01
=> setenv eth1addr 00:04:9f:ef:01:02
=> setenv eth2addr 00:04:9f:ef:01:03
=>
=> setenv ipaddr 192.168.2.21
=> setenv serverip 192.168.2.242
=> setenv netmask 255.255.255.0
=> setenv ethact eTSEC2
=> ping $serverip
Speed: 100, full duplex
Using eTSEC2 device
host 192.168.2.242 is alive
=> saveenv
Saving Environment to Flash...
Un-Protected 1 sectors
Erasing Flash...
. done
Erased 1 sectors
Writing to Flash... 9....8....7....6....5....4....3....2....1....9....8....7....6....5....4....3....2....1....done
Protected 1 sectors
=>setenv ethact eTSEC3
=> ping $serverip
=>setenv ethact eTSEC2
=>ping $serverip
=>setenv ethact eTSEC1
=>ping $serverip
测试eTSEC2 eTSEC3都能ping通
下面测试tftp更新重新，均正常。
=> tftp 0x1000000 u-boot.bin
Speed: 1000, full duplex
Using eTSEC1 device
TFTP from server 192.168.2.242; our IP address is 192.168.2.21
Filename 'u-boot.bin'.
Load address: 0x1000000
Loading: T T T T T T T T T T
Retry count exceeded; starting again
Speed: 100, full duplex
Using eTSEC2 device
TFTP from server 192.168.2.242; our IP address is 192.168.2.21
Filename 'u-boot.bin'.
Load address: 0x1000000
Loading: ####################################
done
Bytes transferred = 524288 (80000 hex)
=> protect off all
Un-Protect Flash Bank # 1
=> erase 0xeff80000 0xefffffff
.... done
Erased 4 sectors
=> cp.b 0x1000000 0xeff80000 0x80000
Copy to Flash... 9....8....7....6....5....4....3....2....1....done
=>
更新完u-boot重新断电重启，系统正常启动，u-boot移植基本实现，下一步移植linux。
U-Boot 2010.12 (May 23 2015 - 17:02:30)
CPU: P1010, Version: 1.0, (0x80f10010)
Core: E500, Version: 5.1, (0x80212151)
Clock Configuration:
CPU0:800 MHz,
CCB:400 MHz,
DDR:200 MHz (400 MT/s data rate) (Synchronous), IFC:100 MHz
L1: D-cache 32 kB enabled
I-cache 32 kB enabled
Board: P1010RDB
I2C: ready
SPI: ready
DRAM: Configuring DDR for 667 MT/s data rate
DDR: 1 GiB (DDR3, 32-bit, CL=5, ECC off)
FLASH: 32 MiB
L2: 256 KB enabled
NAND: NAND device: Manufacturer ID: 0x53, Chip ID: 0x53 (Unknown NAND 16MiB 3,3V 16-bit)
NAND bus width 8 instead 16 bit
No NAND device found!!!
0 MiB
PCIe1: Root Complex of mini PCIe Slot, no link, regs @ 0xffe0a000
PCIe1: Bus 00 - 00
PCIe2: Root Complex of PCIe Slot, no link, regs @ 0xffe09000
PCIe2: Bus 01 - 01
In: serial
Out: serial
Err: serial
Net: eTSEC1: No support for PHY id ffffffff; assuming generic
eTSEC2: PHY is AR8033 (4dd074)
eTSEC3: PHY is AR8033 (4dd074)
eTSEC1, eTSEC2, eTSEC3
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
=> printenv
baudrate=115200
bdev=sda1
bootcmd=setenv bootargs root=/dev/ram rw console=$consoledev,$baudrate $othbootargs; tftp $ramdiskaddr $ramdiskfile;tftp $loadaddr $bootfile;tftp $fdtaddr $fdtfile;bootm $loadaddr $ramdiskaddr $fdtaddr
bootdelay=10
bootfile=uImage
consoledev=ttyS0
eth1addr=00:04:9f:ef:01:02
eth2addr=00:04:9f:ef:01:03
ethact=eTSEC1
ethaddr=00:04:9f:ef:01:01
fdtaddr=c00000
fdtfile=p1010rdb.dtb
hostname=P1010RDB
hwconfig=usb1:dr_mode=host,phy_type=utmi
ipaddr=192.168.2.21
loadaddr=1000000
netdev=eth0
netmask=255.255.255.0
othbootargs=ramdisk_size=600000
ramboot=setenv bootargs root=/dev/ram rw console=$consoledev,$baudrate $othbootargs; tftp $ramdiskaddr $ramdiskfile;tftp $loadaddr $bootfile;tftp $fdtaddr $fdtfile;bootm $loadaddr $ramdiskaddr $fdtaddr
ramdiskaddr=2000000
ramdiskfile=rootfs.ext2.gz.uboot
rootpath=/opt/nfsroot
serverip=192.168.2.242
uboot=u-boot.bin
usbext2boot=setenv bootargs root=/dev/ram rw console=$consoledev,$baudrate $othbootargs; usb start;ext2load usb 0:4 $loadaddr $bootfile;ext2load usb 0:4 $fdtaddr $fdtfile;ext2load usb 0:4 $ramdiskaddr $ramdiskfile;bootm $loadaddr $ramdiskaddr $fdtaddr
usbfatboot=setenv bootargs root=/dev/ram rw console=$consoledev,$baudrate $othbootargs; usb start;fatload usb 0:2 $loadaddr $bootfile;fatload usb 0:2 $fdtaddr $fdtfile;fatload usb 0:2 $ramdiskaddr $ramdiskfile;bootm $loadaddr $ramdiskaddr $fdtaddr
Environment size: 1438/8188 bytes
=>
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