统计/etc/init.d/functions文件中每个单词的出现次数，并排序（用grep和sed两种方法分别实现）

方法一：grep实现

grep -o "\<[[:alpha:]]\+\>" /etc/init.d/functions |sort |uniq -c

grep -o '[[:alpha:]]\+' /etc/init.d/functions | sort |uniq -c

[root@centos7 data]# grep  -o "\<[[:alpha:]]\+\>" /etc/init.d/functions |sort |uniq -c21 a5 A1 aA1 abnormally5 action1 active1 ActiveState1 adjust1 alive2 all1 already2 and1 And3 any1 anywhere1 Apply1 are1 arg2 at1 avoid7 awk8 b1 backup2 bak29 base2 basename2 bash7 be6 BEGIN1 bg13 bin11 binary1 bit2 booleans1 boot21 BOOTUP2 break3 but1 by6 c1 caller3 can8 case1 cat1 centi2 cgexec6 cgroup1 Cgroups4 check2 Check2 checkpid1 cmdline1 code13 color2 COLUMNS3 command1 condrestart5 conf2 configuration1 confusing1 consoletype4 CONSOLETYPE2 contains9 continue1 Convert1 core4 corelimit1 could1 current27 d5 daemon1 daemons3 dead1 debug1 deci1 declared1 default11 delay1 deleted1 dependencies1 details17 dev1 dies1 directory1 dirname10 do1 doc1 doesn10 done2 due1 dump6 e49 echo1 Echo3 eE1 elif9 else5 en1 END5 eq1 errors8 esac16 etc2 Evaluate1 exe3 exists4 exit1 exited1 export1 expression1 eyes12 f1 fail1 failed1 FAILED7 failure4 fF51 fi23 file3 files1 filter2 find1 Find2 First2 foo12 for5 force2 found1 from1 fsck4 function2 functions1 further1 g1 G1 generated1 Get4 gotbase1 graphical3 grep1 h2 had1 have2 honor5 i60 if1 ignore1 IGNORECASE1 ignored25 in1 including1 Inform6 init1 initialize2 initscripts1 installed2 insufficient1 into11 is6 it1 its1 keyword4 kill1 Kill1 KILL8 killlevel4 killproc1 ksh1 l1 lang1 let1 lets2 level3 lib7 line1 little1 lL1 LoadState37 local1 locale2 lock1 locked5 Log1 LOGLEVEL2 Look1 looks1 Looks10 LSB2 lt3 m1 make1 Make1 matching1 may1 micro1 mili1 most38 n1 nano5 ne7 nice4 nicelevel3 NICELEVEL3 nN1 NOLOCALE6 not14 null13 o7 of2 OK2 old1 on5 only3 oO2 option3 options3 or2 orig1 otherwise2 our1 out1 output1 Output24 p2 passed1 PASSED1 path2 PATH46 pid11 pidfile2 pidfileofproc4 pidof2 pidofproc3 pids1 PIDs1 piko1 plural4 plymouth5 PPID7 printf1 privilege1 privileges7 proc1 processes1 profile8 prog15 program5 Program1 propagating3 q8 r11 rc19 RC2 read1 Read1 readlink1 reality1 recognizes4 reload2 Reloading1 RemainAfterExit4 remaining1 Remove1 requested3 restart1 Restarting3 ret54 return1 returns1 Returns8 retval1 rm1 rpm2 rpmnew2 rpmorig2 rpmsave1 rR1 RS8 run1 Run8 running1 runuser12 s1 S1 same2 sane2 Save3 sbin1 screen1 script1 scripts1 search1 second2 seconds2 sed2 See1 seem1 self3 serial6 service3 set2 Set1 settings1 sh1 share1 shell1 Shell18 shift2 should4 show4 shutdown2 shvar2 signal3 sleep1 smhd1 some3 something1 sourcing1 specified2 sS3 start1 Starting2 startup9 stat1 state6 status3 stderr4 stime2 stop1 stopped1 Stopping5 STRING2 strstr2 style1 SubState3 subsys1 succeeded5 success2 sure5 syntax7 sysconfig15 sysctl1 system11 systemctl8 systemd2 t1 TERM3 test5 Test1 TEXTDOMAIN5 that13 the52 then2 they1 this2 This1 time10 to9 try2 tT1 txt1 ulimit2 umask1 unit1 unknown1 unless1 unset2 up1 update9 Usage1 use3 used1 Useful9 user1 using5 usr1 uU2 v1 value7 var6 verbose4 via3 warning1 WARNING1 We1 where1 whether3 while1 width1 will2 with14 x1 xcondrestart1 xforce1 xreload1 xrestart1 xstart1 xstop1 xtry3 yes2 yY28 z

方法二：sed实现

下面命令，这样做，居然还会有空行~~~~

sed -n 's/[^[:alpha:]]\+/\n/gp' /etc/init.d/functions |sort |uniq -c

第二个命令删掉空行

cat /etc/init.d/functions |sed -n 's/[^[:alpha:]]\+/\n/gp' |sed '/^$/d' |sort |uniq -c |sort -n |wc -l

第三个命令。

sed -n 's/[^[:alpha:]]\+/\n/gp' /etc/init.d/functions |sed '/^$/d' /etc/init.d/functions |sort |uniq -c |wc -l

看看这三个命令执行的结果是什么——统计总行数

凌乱，第三行的结果和前面两个不一样，418行。。。。。

执行结果：

[root@centos7 data]# sed -n 's/[^[:alpha:]]\+/\n/gp' /etc/init.d/functions |sort |uniq -c956 21 a5 A1 aA1 abnormally5 action1 active1 ActiveState1 adjust1 alive2 all1 already2 and1 And3 any1 anywhere1 apply1 Apply1 are3 arg2 at1 avoid7 awk8 b1 backup2 bak38 base2 basename2 bash7 be6 BEGIN1 bg13 bin11 binary1 bit2 booleans2 boot21 BOOTUP2 break3 but1 by6 c1 caller3 can8 case1 cat1 centi2 cgexec6 cgroup3 CGROUP1 Cgroups4 check2 Check2 checkpid5 checkpids1 cmdline2 code8 COL13 color2 COLUMNS3 command1 condrestart5 conf2 configuration1 confusing1 consoletype4 CONSOLETYPE2 contains9 continue1 convert1 Convert1 core1 COREFILE4 corelimit1 could1 current27 d5 daemon4 DAEMON1 daemons3 dead1 debug1 deci1 declared1 default11 delay1 deleted1 dependencies1 DEPENDENCIES1 details17 dev1 dies3 dir1 directory1 dirname1 discard10 do1 doc1 doesn10 done2 due1 dump6 e57 echo1 Echo3 eE1 elif9 else5 en1 END5 eq1 errors8 esac16 etc2 Evaluate1 exe3 exists4 exit1 exited1 export1 expression1 eyes18 f2 fail1 failed1 FAILED9 failure3 FAILURE1 false4 fF46 fi58 file4 files1 filter2 find1 Find2 First2 foo12 for5 force2 found1 from1 fsck4 function2 functions1 further1 g1 G1 generated1 Get4 gotbase1 graphical3 grep1 h2 had1 have2 honor6 i60 if1 ignore1 IGNORE1 IGNORECASE7 ignored25 in1 including1 Inform6 init1 initialize2 initscripts1 installed2 insufficient1 into18 is6 it1 its1 keyword34 kill1 Kill1 KILL8 killlevel4 killproc1 ksh1 l1 lang3 LANGSH1 let1 lets2 level3 lib1 LIMIT7 line16 list1 little1 lL1 LoadState37 local1 locale8 lock1 locked5 Log1 LOGLEVEL2 Look1 looks1 Looks10 LSB2 lt7 m1 make1 Make1 matching1 may1 micro1 mili1 most6 MOVE39 n1 nano5 ne7 nice4 nicelevel3 NICELEVEL3 nN1 NOLOCALE6 NORMAL6 not14 null13 o7 of2 OK2 old1 on5 only3 oO2 option3 options3 or2 orig1 otherwise2 our1 out1 output1 Output24 p4 passed1 PASSED1 path2 PATH73 pid11 pidfile2 pidfileofproc8 pidof2 pidofproc21 pids1 PIDs1 piko1 plural4 plymouth5 PPID7 printf1 privilege1 privileges8 proc1 processes1 profile8 prog15 program5 Program1 propagating3 q8 r11 rc19 RC2 read1 Read1 readlink1 reality1 recognizes2 redirect1 REDIRECT4 reload2 Reloading1 RemainAfterExit4 remaining1 Remove1 requested2 RES3 restart1 Restarting3 ret54 return1 returns1 Returns8 retval1 rm1 rpm2 rpmnew2 rpmorig2 rpmsave1 rR1 RS14 run1 Run8 running1 runuser12 s1 S1 same2 sane2 Save3 sbin1 screen1 script1 scripts1 search1 sec1 second2 seconds3 sed2 See1 seem1 self3 serial6 service3 set2 Set16 SETCOLOR1 settings1 sh1 share1 shell1 Shell18 shift2 should4 show4 shutdown2 shvar2 signal1 SKIP3 sleep1 smhd1 some3 something3 SOURCED1 sourcing1 specified2 sS1 stage3 start1 Starting2 startup9 stat1 state6 status3 stderr13 stime2 stop1 stopped1 Stopping5 STRING2 strstr2 style1 SubState3 subsys1 succeeded7 success3 SUCCESS2 sure5 syntax7 sysconfig16 sysctl1 system16 systemctl2 SYSTEMCTL8 systemd2 t7 term1 TERM3 test5 Test1 TEXTDOMAIN5 that13 the52 then2 they1 this2 This1 time10 to6 TO1 true9 try2 tT1 txt1 ulimit2 umask1 unit1 unknown1 unless1 unset2 up2 update9 Usage4 use3 used1 Useful9 user1 using5 usr1 uU2 v1 value13 var6 verbose4 via5 warning5 WARNING1 We1 where1 whether3 while1 width1 will2 with14 x1 xcondrestart1 xforce1 xreload1 xrestart1 xstart1 xstop1 xtry3 yes2 yY28 z

这两个命令执行并比对之后：

哈哈哈，两种用法结果居然不一样~~~~~~

我觉得是因为sed用法，遇到不包括单词的就换行，导致行数比grep用法的多~~~~~

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