由于各种原因，您可能需要关闭Windows才能以编程方式进行。 例如，如果您的程序安装需要重新配置系统。 以下代码将通过重新启动等选项为您完成此操作。

'Module code - modShutdown
' Shutdown Flags
Const EWX_LOGOFF = 0
Const EWX_SHUTDOWN = 1
Const EWX_REBOOT = 2
Const EWX_FORCE = 4
Const SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED = &H2
Const TokenPrivileges = 3
Const TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY = &H1
Const TOKEN_DUPLICATE = &H2
Const TOKEN_IMPERSONATE = &H4
Const TOKEN_QUERY = &H8
Const TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE = &H10
Const TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES = &H20
Const TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS = &H40
Const TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT = &H80
Const SE_SHUTDOWN_NAME = "SeShutdownPrivilege"
Const ANYSIZE_ARRAY = 1
Private Type LARGE_INTEGERlowpart As Longhighpart As Long
End Type
Private Type Luidlowpart As Longhighpart As Long
End Type
Private Type LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES'pLuid As LuidpLuid As LARGE_INTEGERAttributes As Long
End Type
Private Type TOKEN_PRIVILEGESPrivilegeCount As LongPrivileges(ANYSIZE_ARRAY) As LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES
End Type
Private Declare Function InitiateSystemShutdown Lib "advapi32.dll" Alias "InitiateSystemShutdownA" (ByVal lpMachineName As String, ByVal lpMessage As String, ByVal dwTimeout As Long, ByVal bForceAppsClosed As Long, ByVal bRebootAfterShutdown As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function OpenProcessToken Lib "advapi32.dll" (ByVal ProcessHandle As Long, ByVal DesiredAccess As Long, TokenHandle As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function GetCurrentProcess Lib "kernel32" () As Long
Private Declare Function LookupPrivilegeValue Lib "advapi32.dll" Alias "LookupPrivilegeValueA" (ByVal lpSystemName As String, ByVal lpName As String, lpLuid As LARGE_INTEGER) As Long
Private Declare Function AdjustTokenPrivileges Lib "advapi32.dll" (ByVal TokenHandle As Long, ByVal DisableAllPrivileges As Long, NewState As TOKEN_PRIVILEGES, ByVal BufferLength As Long, PreviousState As TOKEN_PRIVILEGES, ReturnLength As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function GetComputerName Lib "kernel32" Alias "GetComputerNameA" (ByVal lpBuffer As String, nSize As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function GetLastError Lib "kernel32" () As Long
Public Function InitiateShutdown(ByVal Machine As String, _Optional Force As Variant, _Optional Restart As Variant, _Optional AllowLocalShutdown As Variant, _Optional Delay As Variant, _Optional Message As Variant) As Boolean Dim hProc As LongDim OldTokenStuff As TOKEN_PRIVILEGESDim OldTokenStuffLen As LongDim NewTokenStuff As TOKEN_PRIVILEGESDim NewTokenStuffLen As LongDim pSize As LongIf IsMissing(Force) Then Force = FalseIf IsMissing(Restart) Then Restart = TrueIf IsMissing(AllowLocalShutdown) Then AllowLocalShutdown = FalseIf IsMissing(Delay) Then Delay = 0If IsMissing(Message) Then Message = ""'Make sure the Machine-name doesn't start with '\\'If InStr(Machine, "\\") = 1 ThenMachine = Right(Machine, Len(Machine) - 2)End If'check if it's the local machine that's going to be shutdownIf (LCase(GetMachineName) = LCase(Machine)) Then'may we shut this computer down?If AllowLocalShutdown = False Then Exit Function'open access tokenIf OpenProcessToken(GetCurrentProcess(), TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES Or TOKEN_QUERY, hProc) = 0 ThenMsgBox "OpenProcessToken Error: " & GetLastError()Exit FunctionEnd If'retrieve the locally unique identifier to represent the Shutdown-privilege nameIf LookupPrivilegeValue(vbNullString, SE_SHUTDOWN_NAME, OldTokenStuff.Privileges(0).pLuid) = 0 ThenMsgBox "LookupPrivilegeValue Error: " & GetLastError()Exit FunctionEnd IfNewTokenStuff = OldTokenStuffNewTokenStuff.PrivilegeCount = 1NewTokenStuff.Privileges(0).Attributes = SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLEDNewTokenStuffLen = Len(NewTokenStuff)pSize = Len(NewTokenStuff)'Enable shutdown-privilegeIf AdjustTokenPrivileges(hProc, False, NewTokenStuff, NewTokenStuffLen, OldTokenStuff, OldTokenStuffLen) = 0 ThenMsgBox "AdjustTokenPrivileges Error: " & GetLastError()Exit FunctionEnd If'initiate the system shutdownIf InitiateSystemShutdown("\\" & Machine, Message, Delay, Force, Restart) = 0 ThenExit FunctionEnd IfNewTokenStuff.Privileges(0).Attributes = 0'Disable shutdown-privilegeIf AdjustTokenPrivileges(hProc, False, NewTokenStuff, Len(NewTokenStuff), OldTokenStuff, Len(OldTokenStuff)) = 0 ThenExit FunctionEnd IfElse'initiate the system shutdownIf InitiateSystemShutdown("\\" & Machine, Message, Delay, Force, Restart) = 0 ThenExit FunctionEnd IfEnd IfInitiateShutdown = True
End Function
Function GetMachineName() As StringDim sLen As Long'create a bufferGetMachineName = Space(100)sLen = 100'retrieve the computer nameIf GetComputerName(GetMachineName, sLen) ThenGetMachineName = Left(GetMachineName, sLen)End If
End Function
'Form code - frmShutdown
Private Sub cmdShutdownNow_Click()modShutdown.InitiateShutdown GetMachineName, True, False, True, 60, "Message to state reason for shutdown!"
End Sub 

From: https://bytes.com/topic/visual-basic/insights/641550-shut-down-windows-program