时间过的真快,转眼一个月,回头看看,从我接触OPENSTACK已经一个月了,耗费了这么多精力,不过还是很高兴,很有收获。在安装配置过程中,反复了好几次,现在想想真的是各种小问题,导致我一度停止下来,有很多问题现在感觉都不搭边,不过对于一个新手来说(LINUX新手,OPENSTACK新手),也是好事,毕竟我现在可以完全的消化这些问题。。虽然有的问题很白痴。好了,不发感慨了,下面就整理一下我的过程吧,有些东西是我转的,在此感谢  VPSEE的文章和写http://cssoss.wordpress.com/2011/04/27/openstack-beginners-guide-for-ubuntu-11-04-installation-and-configuration/的朋友,同是感谢 北京的JANKIE,我尽可能把它写的很详细,不让大家走我的错误之路。

参考文件:OpenStack-on-C200-Tech-Note4.pdf

os-compute-admin-book.pdf

os-compute-adminguide-cactus.pdf

os-compute-devguide-cactus.pdf

这里不给链接了,我也记不清我在那里下的了,有需要的请留言,邮箱发送。

begin:

环境:openstack官方指定的操作系统是 UBUNTU,当然也可以使用其他的,比如centos,不过安装过程有可能会不同,本人使用UBUNTU11.04 SERVER,服务器为DELL R610(DELL R610在安装系统完成的时候,无法正常启动,请参考我的另外一篇文章)

由于OPENSTACK要求你的硬件支持虚拟化,所以请确认硬件部分,其次要查看你的CPU架构,我就吃亏在这了,这部如果没有确认,在后面会导致你的kernel与服务不兼容问题。

系统安装结束,我们应该做什么呢?做一些小操作,对了,有人可能会说,是不是又要看你的另外的文章。。。你说对了。。。

http://heroair.blog.51cto.com/1121997/603798 瞧这里。。。

下面正式开始喽

1:安装 桥接

Install bridge-utils:

sudo apt-get install bridge-utils

完成后,需要重新启动系统。

有人可能会问这是干什么用的,我的理解是这样的,只是我个人理解(有可能错),这是为了让虚拟机内的实例可以通过桥接的方式和外部的系统通信。

2.网络配置

既然安装了桥接,那是不是要配置网络呢,网上有一些其他的教程都配置了这段:

auto br100
  iface br100 inet static
  bridge_ports eth1
  bridge_stp off
  bridge_maxwait 0
  bridge_fd 0
  address 192.168.3.1
  netmask 255.255.0.0
  broadcast 192.168.255.255

但是我这里不想配置,为什么呢?

想问为什么?那你可要听好了,说来话长。。。

openstack的网络配置分三种,vlanmanager    flatmanager   flatdhcpmanager,不同的方式配置也是不同滴。这里我就不讲三种方式的具体的区别与配置了,请参考我列出的参考文件。我采用的是 FlatDHCPManager方式。

3:安装NTP Server

Install NTP package. This server is going to act as an NTP server for the nodes. The time on all components of OpenStack will have to be in sync. We can run NTP server on this and have other components sync to it.

  sudo apt-get install ntp

Open the file /etc/ntp.conf and add the following 2 lines to make sure that the server serves time even when its connectivity to the Internet is down. The following settings ensure that the NTP server uses its own clock as the clock source:

  server 127.127.1.0
  fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 10

Restart NTP service to make the changes effective

  sudo /etc/init.d/ntp restart

抄过来的。这东西没啥好说的。标红的地方看下

4 . Glance

Glance is an p_w_picpath Server that Nova can use to pickup p_w_picpaths from. Glance is very modular and can use several types of storage backends such as filestore, s3 etc. We are installing Glance before installing Nova, so that when we get to configuring Nova, glance is ready to be used by Nova.

  sudo apt-get install glance

The default config file at /etc/glance/glance.conf is good to use for a simple file store as the storage backend. Glance can be configured to use other storage backends such as swift. This will be covered in more detail in the chapter on “Image Management”.

Glance uses sqlite as the default database backend. While sqlite offers a quick and easy way to get started, for production use, you may consider a database such as MySQL or Postgresql. This will be covered in more detail in the chapter on “Image Management”

Glance has two components – glance-api and glance-registry. These can be controlled using the concerned upstart jobs.

这步还是比较重要的,毕竟和NOVA有直接关系吗。不过安装没什么好说的,基本没出现过什么问题。

5.安装MYSQL

Install mysql-server package

  sudo apt-get install -y mysql-server

安装完成后需要对MYSQL做一些配置

首先是/etc/mysql/my.cnf这个文件,找到下面这行:

bind-address 127.0.0.1

将127.0.0.1 改成 0.0.0.0,这样做是为了让其他的节点服务器也可以访问这个数据库。配置好了,重启mysql 服务吧!

sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart

好了,我们现在就可以登录mysql了:mysql -u user -p password

有人可能没有设置密码(我是在安装操作系统的时候设置的),怎么弄呢? 用命令设置一下吧:mysqladmin -u root password  yourpassword

然后就是和NOVA相关的了,我们要创建NOVA的数据库,并且对权限做一下设置。

Create a database named nova.

  sudo mysql -uroot -p password -e 'CREATE DATABASE nova;'

Update the database to grant super user privileges for root user to login from any IP.

  sudo mysql -uroot -p password -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;"

Set mysql root password for login from any IP.

 

sudo mysql -uroot -p$MYSQL_PASS -e "SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'%' = PASSWORD('password');"

数据库就基本搞定了。

说个小插曲吧,有一次安装完发现mysql无法使用,报了个什么错误来着,记不得了,网上同样的错误还很多。于是乎去找解决办法,很多人建议卸载重装,听人劝吃饱饭,开搞,结果失败。。。经过大量的卸载,安装,在卸载,知道了原因,原来和MYSQL相关的东西实在是多,我没有彻底的删除干净,还有好多它的组件需要一同卸载。如果大家遇到这样的问题,要注意了。

6.安装NOVA的组件

sudo apt-get install -y rabbitmq-server nova-common nova-doc python-nova nova-api nova-network nova-volume nova-objectstore nova-scheduler nova-compute

这一堆东西都是NOVA的,装。。。。有可能你现在不知道每个东西都是做什么的,不过等你用起来,你就了解了,我现在简单说几句吧,毕竟我也懂得不多。。

先说这个MQ,貌似是NOVA用来调度的队列

PYTHON-NOVA :我们都知道NOVA是用PYTHON语言写的。。

NOVA-API:不解释。

nova-network:NOVA 用来管理网络的,如果网络配置有问题,这个东西的状态会不正常的,后面会提到

nova-volume:和磁盘相关的

nova-objectstore:和储存相关的

nova-scheduler :虚机调度

nova-compute:节点

下面开始安装 EUCA TOOL这个工具,经常会用到

sudo apt-get install -y euca2ools

安装解压工具

  sudo apt-get install -y unzip

好了,安完了,开始配置了。

NOVA中最重要的一个配置文件叫  NOVA.CONF位于 /etc/nova/nova.conf

下面我就把我的贴出来:

--dhcpbridge_flagfile=/etc/nova/nova.conf
--dhcpbridge=/usr/bin/nova-dhcpbridge
--logdir=/var/log/nova
--state_path=/var/lib/nova
--lock_path=/var/lock/nova
--network_manager=nova.network.manager.FlatDHCPManager
--flat_network_dhcp_start=192.168.3.2
--flat_injected=False
--public_interface=eth0(我的物理网卡)
--verbose
--s3_host=172.16.150.237(我的IP)
--rabbit_host=172.16.150.237
--cc_host=172.16.150.237
--network_size=8
--FAKE_subdomain=ec2
--routing_source_ip=172.16.150.237
--p_w_picpath_service=nova.p_w_picpath.glance.GlanceImageService
--ec2_url=http://172.16.150.237:8773/services/Cloud
--sql_connection=mysql://root:*****@172.16.150.237/nova
--glance_host=172.16.150.237
--fixed_range=192.168.3.0/24(虚机的私网地址)
--iscsi_ip_prefix=172.16.150

大家注意了,我是单机的,如果多个配置是不同的。可以参考其他教程。

Enable iscsi target.

  sudo sed -i 's/false/true/g' /etc/default/iscsitarget

Restart the iscsitarget service.

  sudo service iscsitarget restart

Create a Physical Volume.

  sudo pvcreate /dev/sda6

(/dev/sda6根据实际情况修改)

Create a Volume Group named.

  sudo vgcreate nova-volumes /dev/sda6

Create a group called “nova”

  sudo groupadd nova

Change the ownership of the /etc/nova folder and permissions for /etc/nova/nova.conf:

  sudo chown -R root:nova /etc/nova
  sudo chmod 644 /etc/nova/nova.conf

Restart all the nova related services.

  sudo /etc/init.d/libvirt-bin restart; sudo restart nova-network; sudo restart nova-compute; sudo restart nova-api; sudo restart nova-objectstore; sudo restart nova-scheduler; sudo restart nova-volume; sudo restart glance-api; sudo restart glance-registry

Create nova schema in the Mysql Database.

  sudo nova-manage db sync

Create a list of Ips to be used from the network of fixed Ips set inside nova.conf.

  sudo nova-manage network create 192.168.3.0/24 1 256

Allocate 32 Pubic IP addresses for use with the instances starting from 10.10.10.225.

  sudo nova-manage floating create 10.10.10.2 10.10.10.224/27

Create a user with admin rights on nova.

  sudo nova-manage user admin novaadmin

(这个novaadmin目前来说没什么用处,后面再dashboard中会用到)

Create a project named proj.

1 sudo nova-manage project create proj novaadmin

Create a directory to download nova credentials and download the zip file.

  mkdir /home/localadmin/creds

(这里的localadmin是你系统的用户,就是你安装系统时输入的用户)

Generate and save credentials for accessing/managing the nova cloud.

  sudo nova-manage project zipfile proj novaadmin /home/localadmin/creds/novacreds.zip

Contents of novacreds.zip are required to use euca2ools to manage the cloud infrastructure and you will need to transfer this zip file to any machine from where you want to run the commands from euca2ools. We will be using these credentials from client1 as well.

Navigate in to the folder created and extract the files and change their ownership.

  cd /home/localadmin/creds
  unzip novacreds.zip
  sudo chown localadmin:localadmin /home/localadmin/creds/ -R

Here are the files extracted:
cacert.pem, cert.pem, novarc, pk.pem
novarc contains several environmental variables including your nova credentials to be set before you can use the commands from euca2ools such euca-describe-p_w_picpaths, euca-describe-instances etc. these variables can be set by sourcing novarc file.

  source /home/localadmin/creds/novarc

Restart all the nova related services.

  sudo /etc/init.d/libvirt-bin restart; sudo restart nova-network; sudo restart nova-compute; sudo restart nova-api; sudo restart nova-objectstore; sudo restart nova-scheduler; sudo restart nova-volume; sudo restart glance-api; sudo restart glance-registry

Check if the credentials are working and if nova has been setup properly by running:

  euca-describe-availability-zones verbose

If you see something like the following with all components happy, it means that the set up is ready to be used.

1 AVAILABILITYZONE nova available
2 AVAILABILITYZONE |- server1
3 AVAILABILITYZONE | |- nova-compute enabled : -) 2011-04-03 07:48:50
4 AVAILABILITYZONE | |- nova-scheduler enabled : -) 2011-04-03 07:48:48
5 AVAILABILITYZONE | |- nova-network enabled : -) 2011-04-03 07:48:49
6 AVAILABILITYZONE | |- nova-volume enabled : -) 2011-04-03 07:48:49

基本上到这里就告一段落了。

下面我会接着将如何将你的IMG发布到云里。

未完待续!!!累了,明天写

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/heroair/616778

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