第29节专业英语1

专业英语

1[单项选择题]A project life cycle is a collection of generally sequential project ( ) whose name and number are determined by the control needs of the organization or

Aganizations involved in the project.

Bphases

Cframework

Dprocesses

Esegments

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】一个项目的生命周期由若干个顺序相连的阶段（phases）组成，阶段的名字和个数由组织的控制需要决定

2[单项选择题]TCP/IP communication protocol contains four layers. From bottom to top, the four layers are （）.

Anetwork interface layer, internet layer, transport layer and application layer

Binternet layer, network interface layer, transport layer and application layer

Cnetwork interface layer, transport layer, network interface layer and application layer

Dapplication layer, transport layer, internet layer and network interface layer

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】TCP/IP通讯协议分为4层，从最上层到最下层分别是()。
A．网络接口层，互联网层，传输层和应用层
B．互联网层，网络接口层，传输层和应用层
C网络接口层，传输层，互联网层和应用层
D应用层，传输层，互联网层和网络接口层

3[单项选择题]IPv6 is short for "Internet Protocol Version 6". IPv6 is the "next generation" protocol designed by the IETF to (71) the current version Internet Protocol.IP version 4("IPv4").Most of today's internet uses IPv4, which is now more than twenty years old. IPv4 has been (72) resilient in spite of its age, but it is beginning to have problems. Most importantly, there is a growing (73) of IPv4 addresses, which are needed by all new machines added to the Internet. lPv6 fixes a number of problems in IPv4, such as the (74) number of available IPv4 addresses. It also adds many improvements to IPv4 in areas such as routing and network autoconfiguration. IPv6 is expected to gradually replace IPv4, with the two coexisting for a number of years during a transition (75).

IPv6 is short for "Internet Protocol Version 6". IPv6 is the "next generation" protocol designed by the IETF to (71) the current version Internet Protocol.IP version 4("IPv4").Most of today's internet uses IPv4, which is now more than twenty years old. IPv4 has been (72) resilient in spite of its age, but it is beginning to have problems. Most importantly, there is a growing (73) of IPv4 addresses, which are needed by all new machines added to the Internet. lPv6 fixes a number of problems in IPv4, such as the (74) number of available IPv4 addresses. It also adds many improvements to IPv4 in areas such as routing and network autoconfiguration. IPv6 is expected to gradually replace IPv4, with the two coexisting for a number of years during a transition (75).

Aremainder

Bremarkably

Cordinary

Dabbreviation

参考答案：B
解析： (71) D： (72) B； (73) A； (74) C； (75) B。
IPv6是“互联网协议第6版”的简称.它是由IETF设计的下一代互联网协议，目的是取代（replace)现有的互联网协议第4版（IPv4)。
目前，大多数互联网使用的IPv4己经有了20多年的历史。虽然IPv4在过去的应用中具有不同寻常的（remarkably)业绩，但是现在看来已经暴露出很多缺点。最为重要的是，现在的互联网(IPv4)己经面临地址短缺（shortage)的问题，而这正是所有新加入互联网的计算机所迫切需要的。IPv6能够解决IPv4存在的诸如有效网络地址受限（limited)等问题，同时还对IPv4做了大量的改进，包括路由和网络自动配置等。IPv6和IPv4将在过渡期（period)内共存几年，以后IPv6将渐渐取代IPv4.

Adays

Bperiod

Cphase

Depoch

Arestrict

Bconfine

Climited

Dimprison

参考答案：C
解析： (71) D： (72) B； (73) A； (74) C； (75) B。
IPv6是“互联网协议第6版”的简称.它是由IETF设计的下一代互联网协议，目的是取代（replace)现有的互联网协议第4版（IPv4)。
目前，大多数互联网使用的IPv4己经有了20多年的历史。虽然IPv4在过去的应用中具有不同寻常的（remarkably)业绩，但是现在看来已经暴露出很多缺点。最为重要的是，现在的互联网(IPv4)己经面临地址短缺（shortage)的问题，而这正是所有新加入互联网的计算机所迫切需要的。IPv6能够解决IPv4存在的诸如有效网络地址受限（limited)等问题，同时还对IPv4做了大量的改进，包括路由和网络自动配置等。IPv6和IPv4将在过渡期（period)内共存几年，以后IPv6将渐渐取代IPv4.

Asubstitution

Bswap

Cswitchover

Dreplace

参考答案：D
解析： (71) D： (72) B； (73) A； (74) C； (75) B。
IPv6是“互联网协议第6版”的简称.它是由IETF设计的下一代互联网协议，目的是取代（replace)现有的互联网协议第4版（IPv4)。
目前，大多数互联网使用的IPv4己经有了20多年的历史。虽然IPv4在过去的应用中具有不同寻常的（remarkably)业绩，但是现在看来已经暴露出很多缺点。最为重要的是，现在的互联网(IPv4)己经面临地址短缺（shortage)的问题，而这正是所有新加入互联网的计算机所迫切需要的。IPv6能够解决IPv4存在的诸如有效网络地址受限（limited)等问题，同时还对IPv4做了大量的改进，包括路由和网络自动配置等。IPv6和IPv4将在过渡期（period)内共存几年，以后IPv6将渐渐取代IPv4.

Ashortage

Black

Cdeficiency

Dscarcity

参考答案：A
解析： (71) D： (72) B； (73) A； (74) C； (75) B。
IPv6是“互联网协议第6版”的简称.它是由IETF设计的下一代互联网协议，目的是取代（replace)现有的互联网协议第4版（IPv4)。
目前，大多数互联网使用的IPv4己经有了20多年的历史。虽然IPv4在过去的应用中具有不同寻常的（remarkably)业绩，但是现在看来已经暴露出很多缺点。最为重要的是，现在的互联网(IPv4)己经面临地址短缺（shortage)的问题，而这正是所有新加入互联网的计算机所迫切需要的。IPv6能够解决IPv4存在的诸如有效网络地址受限（limited)等问题，同时还对IPv4做了大量的改进，包括路由和网络自动配置等。IPv6和IPv4将在过渡期（period)内共存几年，以后IPv6将渐渐取代IPv4.

【题目解析】(71) D： (72) B； (73) A； (74) C； (75) B。
IPv6是“互联网协议第6版”的简称.它是由IETF设计的下一代互联网协议，目的是取代（replace)现有的互联网协议第4版（IPv4)。
目前，大多数互联网使用的IPv4己经有了20多年的历史。虽然IPv4在过去的应用中具有不同寻常的（remarkably)业绩，但是现在看来已经暴露出很多缺点。最为重要的是，现在的互联网(IPv4)己经面临地址短缺（shortage)的问题，而这正是所有新加入互联网的计算机所迫切需要的。IPv6能够解决IPv4存在的诸如有效网络地址受限（limited)等问题，同时还对IPv4做了大量的改进，包括路由和网络自动配置等。IPv6和IPv4将在过渡期（period)内共存几年，以后IPv6将渐渐取代IPv4.

4[单项选择题]WLAN is increasingly popular because it enables cost-effective （） among people and applications that were not possible in the past.

Aline

Bcircuit

Cconnection

DInterface

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】WLAN快速流行是因为它在人们与应用软件之间提供了高效的（），这在过去不能实现。
A、线
B、环路
C、连接
D、界面

5[单项选择题]Project Quality Management must address the management of the project and the （） of the project. While Project Quality Management applies to all projects, regardless of the nature of their product, product quality measures and techniques are specific to the particular type of product produced by the project.

Aperformance

Bprocess

Cproduct

Dobject

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】项目质量管理必须专注于对项目和项目产品的管理。当所有的项目在运用项目质量管理时，无论项目产品的本质如何，都要依据项目所产生产品的类型明确产品质量的度量和技术。

6[单项选择题]all of the following tools and techniques are helpful to acurately confirming customers needs except （）

Aquestionnaires

Bprototyping approaches

Cfishbone diagrams

Dinterviews

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】以下所有的工具和技术有助于准确地确定客户的需求，除了（）
A、问卷
B、原型方法
C、鱼骨图
D、访谈

7[单项选择题]The features and functions that characterize a product, service, or esult in a project are called ( ).

A. statement of work

BProduct Scope

CProduct quality

DProject scope

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】用来描述项目提供的产品、服务或成果的那些特性和功能被称为（）。
A、工作说明书
B、产品范围
C、产品质量
D、项目范围

8[单项选择题]A（） infected computer may lose its data.

Afile

Bdata base

Cvirus

Dprogram

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】感染病毒的计算机可能会丢失数据。

9[单项选择题]Although a given waveform may contain frequencies over a very broad range, as a practical matter any transmission system will be able to accommodate only a limited band of （1） . This, in turn, limits the data rate that can be carried on the transmission （2） . A square wave has an infinite number of frequency components and hence an infinite （3） .However, the peak amplitude of the kth frequency component, kf, is only 1/k, so most of the （4） in this waveform is in the first few frequency components. In general, any digital waveform will have （5） bandwidth. If we attempt to transmit this waveform as a signal over any medium, the transmission system will limit the bandwidth that can be transmitted.

Although a given waveform may contain frequencies over a very broad range, as a practical matter any transmission system will be able to accommodate only a limited band of （1） . This, in turn, limits the data rate that can be carried on the transmission （2） . A square wave has an infinite number of frequency components and hence an infinite （3） .However, the peak amplitude of the kth frequency component, kf, is only 1/k, so most of the （4） in this waveform is in the first few frequency components. In general, any digital waveform will have （5） bandwidth. If we attempt to transmit this waveform as a signal over any medium, the transmission system will limit the bandwidth that can be transmitted.

Asmall

Blimited

Cinfinite

Dfinite

参考答案：C
解析：虽然一个给定的波形包含了很宽的频率范围，但是任何实际的传输系统只能够通过有限的频带。这样，就限制了传输介质可以承载的数据速率。一个方波包含了无限多的频率成分，因而也具有无限的带宽。然而，第k个频率成分的峰值幅度kf只是1/k，所以波形的大部分能量只是包含在前面的少数频率成分中。一般来说，任何数字波形都有无限带宽。如果我们试图在某种介质上传输这种波形信号，则传输系统实际上会限制可以发送的带宽。

2.虽然一个给定的波形包含了很宽的频率范围，但是任何实际的传输系统只能够通过有限的频带。这样，就限制了传输介质可以承载的数据速率。一个方波包含了无限多的频率成分，因而也具有无限的带宽。然而，第k个频率成分的峰值幅度kf只是1/k，所以波形的大部分能量只是包含在前面的少数频率成分中。一般来说，任何数字波形都有无限带宽。如果我们试图在某种介质上传输这种波形信号，则传输系统实际上会限制可以发送的带宽。

Afrequency

Benergy

Camplitude

Dphase

参考答案：B
解析：虽然一个给定的波形包含了很宽的频率范围，但是任何实际的传输系统只能够通过有限的频带。这样，就限制了传输介质可以承载的数据速率。一个方波包含了无限多的频率成分，因而也具有无限的带宽。然而，第k个频率成分的峰值幅度kf只是1/k，所以波形的大部分能量只是包含在前面的少数频率成分中。一般来说，任何数字波形都有无限带宽。如果我们试图在某种介质上传输这种波形信号，则传输系统实际上会限制可以发送的带宽。

Asource

Bbandwidth

Cenergy

Dcost

Aprocedures

Bfunction

Croute

Dmedium

参考答案：D
解析：虽然一个给定的波形包含了很宽的频率范围，但是任何实际的传输系统只能够通过有限的频带。这样，就限制了传输介质可以承载的数据速率。一个方波包含了无限多的频率成分，因而也具有无限的带宽。然而，第k个频率成分的峰值幅度kf只是1/k，所以波形的大部分能量只是包含在前面的少数频率成分中。一般来说，任何数字波形都有无限带宽。如果我们试图在某种介质上传输这种波形信号，则传输系统实际上会限制可以发送的带宽。

Afrequencies

Bconnections

Cdiagrams

Dresources

参考答案：A
解析：虽然一个给定的波形包含了很宽的频率范围，但是任何实际的传输系统只能够通过有限的频带。这样，就限制了传输介质可以承载的数据速率。一个方波包含了无限多的频率成分，因而也具有无限的带宽。然而，第k个频率成分的峰值幅度kf只是1/k，所以波形的大部分能量只是包含在前面的少数频率成分中。一般来说，任何数字波形都有无限带宽。如果我们试图在某种介质上传输这种波形信号，则传输系统实际上会限制可以发送的带宽。

【题目解析】虽然一个给定的波形包含了很宽的频率范围，但是任何实际的传输系统只能够通过有限的频带。这样，就限制了传输介质可以承载的数据速率。一个方波包含了无限多的频率成分，因而也具有无限的带宽。然而，第k个频率成分的峰值幅度kf只是1/k，所以波形的大部分能量只是包含在前面的少数频率成分中。一般来说，任何数字波形都有无限带宽。如果我们试图在某种介质上传输这种波形信号，则传输系统实际上会限制可以发送的带宽。

10[单项选择题]The （） process analyzes the effect of risk events and assigns a numerical rating to those risks.

ARisk Identification

BQuantitative Risk Analysis

CQualitative Risk Analysis

DRisk Monitoring and Control

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】定量分析分析过程分析风险事件的影响并对这些风险赋予一个数值化的评价。

11[单项选择题]OSPF routing protocol typically runs over()。

AIP

BTCP

CUDP

DARP

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】本题题意为：OSPF协议基于什么协议。
OSPF开放最短路径优先(Open Shortest Path First)；开放式最短路径优先；开放最短路径优先协议，其工作是基于IP的。
本题正确答案是A。

12[单项选择题]Schedule compression shortens the project schedule without changing the project scope, to meet schedule constraints, imposed dates, or other schedule objectives. Schedule compression techniques include crashing and （）

Afast tracking

Bwhat-if scenario analysis

Cresource leveling

Dcritical chain method

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】进度压缩技术包括快速跟进

13[单项选择题]Tool for defining activities is（）．

ADependency Determination

BPrecedence Diagramming method

CRolling Wave Planning

DSchedule network Templates

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】于定义活动的工具/方法是？
选项A是依赖关系确定法，选项B是前紧关系绘图法，选项C是滚动式规划，选项D是进度网络模板。其中A、B、D是活动排序的方法和工具。
因此，正确答案是C。

14[单项选择题]Requirements management is the process of （1），analyzing，tracing，prioritizing and agreeing on requirements and then controlling changes and communicating to relevant stakeholders. It is a（2）process throughout a project. A requirement is a capability to which a project outcome（product or service）should conform.

1.Requirements management is the process of （1），analyzing，tracing，prioritizing and agreeing on requirements and then controlling changes and communicating to relevant stakeholders. It is a（2）process throughout a project. A requirement is a capability to which a project outcome（product or service）should conform.

Apersistent

Bcontinuing

Cpermanent

Dcontinuous

参考答案：D
解析：需求管理包括需求获取(收集)，需求分析，需求定义和需求验证。需求管理是持续的过程

2.Requirements management is the process of （1），analyzing，tracing，prioritizing and agreeing on requirements and then controlling changes and communicating to relevant stakeholders. It is a（2）process throughout a project. A requirement is a capability to which a project outcome（product or service）should conform.

Acommunicating

Bcollecting

Cfiling

Ddocumenting

参考答案：B
解析：需求管理包括需求获取(收集)，需求分析，需求定义和需求验证。需求管理是持续的过程

【题目解析】需求管理包括需求获取(收集)，需求分析，需求定义和需求验证。需求管理是持续的过程

15[单项选择题]WebSQL is a SQL-like （1） language for extracting information from the web. Its capabilities for performing navigation of web （2） make it a useful tool for automating several web-related tasks that require the systematic processing of either all the links in a （3） , all the pages that can be reached from a given URL through （4） that match a pattern, or a combination of both. WebSQL also provides transparent access to index servers that can be queried via the Common （5） Interface.

WebSQL is a SQL-like （1） language for extracting information from the web. Its capabilities for performing navigation of web （2） make it a useful tool for automating several web-related tasks that require the systematic processing of either all the links in a （3） , all the pages that can be reached from a given URL through （4） that match a pattern, or a combination of both. WebSQL also provides transparent access to index servers that can be queried via the Common （5） Interface.

Aquery

Btransaction

Ccommunication

Dprogramming

参考答案：A
解析：WebSQL是一种类似于SQL的查询语言，用于从Web中提取信息。它能够在Web超文本中巡航，这使得它成为自动操作一个页面中有关链接的有用工具，或是作为搜索从一个给定的URL可以到达的、所有匹配某种模式的页面的有用工具。WebSQL也提供透明地访问索引服务器的手段，这种服务器可以通过公共网关接口进行查询。

Apaths

Bchips

Ctools

Ddirectories

Abrowsers

Bservers

Chypertexts

Dclients

参考答案：C
解析：WebSQL是一种类似于SQL的查询语言，用于从Web中提取信息。它能够在Web超文本中巡航，这使得它成为自动操作一个页面中有关链接的有用工具，或是作为搜索从一个给定的URL可以到达的、所有匹配某种模式的页面的有用工具。WebSQL也提供透明地访问索引服务器的手段，这种服务器可以通过公共网关接口进行查询。

【题目解析】WebSQL是一种类似于SQL的查询语言，用于从Web中提取信息。它能够在Web超文本中巡航，这使得它成为自动操作一个页面中有关链接的有用工具，或是作为搜索从一个给定的URL可以到达的、所有匹配某种模式的页面的有用工具。WebSQL也提供透明地访问索引服务器的手段，这种服务器可以通过公共网关接口进行查询。

16[单项选择题]DOM is a platform- and language- （1） API that allows programs and scripts to dynamically access and update the content, structure and style of WWW documents（currently, definitions for HTML and XML documents are part of the specification）. The document can be further processed and the results of that processing can be incorporated back into the presented （2） . DOM is a （3） -based AP1 to documents, which requires the whole document to be represented in （4） while processing it. A simpler alternative to DOM is the event-based SAX, which can be used to process very large （5） documents that do not fit into the memory available for processing.

1.DOM is a platform- and language- （1） API that allows programs and scripts to dynamically access and update the content, structure and style of WWW documents（currently, definitions for HTML and XML documents are part of the specification）. The document can be further processed and the results of that processing can be incorporated back into the presented （2） . DOM is a （3） -based AP1 to documents, which requires the whole document to be represented in （4） while processing it. A simpler alternative to DOM is the event-based SAX, which can be used to process very large （5） documents that do not fit into the memory available for processing.

Aspecific

Bneutral

Ccontained

Drelated

参考答案：B

2.DOM is a platform- and language- （1） API that allows programs and scripts to dynamically access and update the content, structure and style of WWW documents（currently, definitions for HTML and XML documents are part of the specification）. The document can be further processed and the results of that processing can be incorporated back into the presented （2） . DOM is a （3） -based AP1 to documents, which requires the whole document to be represented in （4） while processing it. A simpler alternative to DOM is the event-based SAX, which can be used to process very large （5） documents that do not fit into the memory available for processing.

Adocument

Bprocessor

Cdisc

Dmemory

参考答案：D

3.DOM is a platform- and language- （1） API that allows programs and scripts to dynamically access and update the content, structure and style of WWW documents（currently, definitions for HTML and XML documents are part of the specification）. The document can be further processed and the results of that processing can be incorporated back into the presented （2） . DOM is a （3） -based AP1 to documents, which requires the whole document to be represented in （4） while processing it. A simpler alternative to DOM is the event-based SAX, which can be used to process very large （5） documents that do not fit into the memory available for processing.

Atable

Btree

Ccontrol

Devent

参考答案：B

4.DOM is a platform- and language- （1） API that allows programs and scripts to dynamically access and update the content, structure and style of WWW documents（currently, definitions for HTML and XML documents are part of the specification）. The document can be further processed and the results of that processing can be incorporated back into the presented （2） . DOM is a （3） -based AP1 to documents, which requires the whole document to be represented in （4） while processing it. A simpler alternative to DOM is the event-based SAX, which can be used to process very large （5） documents that do not fit into the memory available for processing.

Atext

Bimage

Cpage

Dgraphic

参考答案：C

5.DOM is a platform- and language- （1） API that allows programs and scripts to dynamically access and update the content, structure and style of WWW documents（currently, definitions for HTML and XML documents are part of the specification）. The document can be further processed and the results of that processing can be incorporated back into the presented （2） . DOM is a （3） -based AP1 to documents, which requires the whole document to be represented in （4） while processing it. A simpler alternative to DOM is the event-based SAX, which can be used to process very large （5） documents that do not fit into the memory available for processing.

AXML

BHTML

Cscript

DWeb

参考答案：A

17[单项选择题]During the project, requirements change for a variety of reasons. As needs change and as work proceeds, additional requirements are derived and changes may have to be made to the existing requirements. It is essential to manage these additions and changes efficiently and effectively. To effectively analyze the impact of the changes, it is necessary that the source of each requirement is known and the rationale for any change is documented. The project manager may, however, want to track appropriate measures of requirements volatility to judge whether new or revised （）are necessary.

Aproceedings

Bcontrols

Cforecasting’s

Dprelibations

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】在一个项目的生命期内，有多种原因可以引起对需求的变更。当需要发生变更而工作正在进行时，可导致新的需求产生并迫使现有的需求发生变更。需要快速而有效地管理这些新的需求和新的变更。为了有效地分析这些变更的影响，必须确定每一个需求源，并记录变更的基本过程。无论如何，项目经理希望能追踪有关需求稳定性的、恰当的措施，以判断是否需要新的或修正的控制措施。

18[单项选择题]The process of software development doesn’t include（）．

Averification function

Bwriting code

Cmanagement function

Dvalidation function

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】本题考查考生对专业术语的理解. A是验证功能,属于单元测试：B是代码编写，属于基本工作：C是管理功能，非计算机专业常用术语：D是功能确认，测试工作之一.所以应该选择C.

19[单项选择题]Sub-contractors should obey the contractor in information system project. When censoring sub-contractors, the supervisor mostly concerns about （）.

AAmount of subcontract

Bqualifications and abilities of sub-contractors

Cresponsibilities and obligations of sub-contractors

Dthe contents of the subcontract

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】在信息系统工程项目中分包商需服从总承包商。在审查分包合同时，监理最主要关注的是____。

20[单项选择题]Each machine in the internet is assigned a unique network address,called（）,that is used to identify the machine for communication purposes

AMAC address

BIP address

Chost address

Ddomain name address

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】在互联网上的每个机器都被分配了一个IP地址，这个地址是用来和其他机器通信的。

21[单项选择题]Adding 5 people to a 4 person team increases the communication channels by a factor of ( )

A、3 times

B4 times

C5 times

D6 times

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】本题的含义是：在四个人的团队中增加5人后，沟通的通道会增加多少倍，要和用计算机公式n（ n-1）/2, 4个人的时候沟通通道把6条，增加5人后..沟通渠道是36. 增加了 6倍，选择答案D.

22[单项选择题]（）is a collection of data sets, which is so large and complex that it becomes difficult to process using on-hand database management tools or traditional data processing applications.

ABig data

BCluster

CParallel computing

DData warehouse

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】（）是一个数据集合，它是如此庞大和复杂，使得很难使用一般的数据库管理工具或传统的数据处理应用程序中对它进行处理。
A. 大数据
B. 集群
C. 并行计算
D. 数据仓库

23[单项选择题]Certificates are （1） documents attesting to the （2） of a public key to an individual or other entity. They allow verification of the claim that a given public key does in fact belong to a given individual. Certificates help prevent someone from using a phony key to （3） someone else. In their simplest form, Certificates contain a public key and a name. As commonly used, a certificate also contains an （4） date, the name of the CA that issued the certificate, a serial number, and perhaps other information. Most importantly, it contains the digital （5） of the certificate issuer. The most widely accepted format for certificates is X.509 , thus, Certificates can be read or written by any application complying with X.509.

1.Certificates are （1） documents attesting to the （2） of a public key to an individual or other entity. They allow verification of the claim that a given public key does in fact belong to a given individual. Certificates help prevent someone from using a phony key to （3） someone else. In their simplest form, Certificates contain a public key and a name. As commonly used, a certificate also contains an （4） date, the name of the CA that issued the certificate, a serial number, and perhaps other information. Most importantly, it contains the digital （5） of the certificate issuer. The most widely accepted format for certificates is X.509 , thus, Certificates can be read or written by any application complying with X.509.

Aconnecting

Bbinding

Ccomposing

Dconducting

参考答案：B
解析：证书是用来证明绑定给个人或其他实体的公钥的数字文件。它们允许对一个给定的公钥确实属于一个给定的个体的声明的确认。认证帮助防止某人使用假冒的密钥去假扮其他人。在它们的最简化版本中，认证包含一个公钥和一个名字。在通常的使用中，一个认证也包含一个过期时间，发布认证的CA的名字，一个序列号还可能有其他信息。最重要的是认证发布者的数字签名。被接受的最广泛的认证格式是X.509，因此，认证能够被任何接受X.509的程序读或写。

2.Certificates are （1） documents attesting to the （2） of a public key to an individual or other entity. They allow verification of the claim that a given public key does in fact belong to a given individual. Certificates help prevent someone from using a phony key to （3） someone else. In their simplest form, Certificates contain a public key and a name. As commonly used, a certificate also contains an （4） date, the name of the CA that issued the certificate, a serial number, and perhaps other information. Most importantly, it contains the digital （5） of the certificate issuer. The most widely accepted format for certificates is X.509 , thus, Certificates can be read or written by any application complying with X.509.

Asignature

Bmark

Cstamp

Dhypertext

参考答案：A
解析：证书是用来证明绑定给个人或其他实体的公钥的数字文件。它们允许对一个给定的公钥确实属于一个给定的个体的声明的确认。认证帮助防止某人使用假冒的密钥去假扮其他人。在它们的最简化版本中，认证包含一个公钥和一个名字。在通常的使用中，一个认证也包含一个过期时间，发布认证的CA的名字，一个序列号还可能有其他信息。最重要的是认证发布者的数字签名。被接受的最广泛的认证格式是X.509，因此，认证能够被任何接受X.509的程序读或写。

3.Certificates are （1） documents attesting to the （2） of a public key to an individual or other entity. They allow verification of the claim that a given public key does in fact belong to a given individual. Certificates help prevent someone from using a phony key to （3） someone else. In their simplest form, Certificates contain a public key and a name. As commonly used, a certificate also contains an （4） date, the name of the CA that issued the certificate, a serial number, and perhaps other information. Most importantly, it contains the digital （5） of the certificate issuer. The most widely accepted format for certificates is X.509 , thus, Certificates can be read or written by any application complying with X.509.

Acommunication

Bcomputation

Cexpectation

Dexpiration

参考答案：D
解析：证书是用来证明绑定给个人或其他实体的公钥的数字文件。它们允许对一个给定的公钥确实属于一个给定的个体的声明的确认。认证帮助防止某人使用假冒的密钥去假扮其他人。在它们的最简化版本中，认证包含一个公钥和一个名字。在通常的使用中，一个认证也包含一个过期时间，发布认证的CA的名字，一个序列号还可能有其他信息。最重要的是认证发布者的数字签名。被接受的最广泛的认证格式是X.509，因此，认证能够被任何接受X.509的程序读或写。

4.Certificates are （1） documents attesting to the （2） of a public key to an individual or other entity. They allow verification of the claim that a given public key does in fact belong to a given individual. Certificates help prevent someone from using a phony key to （3） someone else. In their simplest form, Certificates contain a public key and a name. As commonly used, a certificate also contains an （4） date, the name of the CA that issued the certificate, a serial number, and perhaps other information. Most importantly, it contains the digital （5） of the certificate issuer. The most widely accepted format for certificates is X.509 , thus, Certificates can be read or written by any application complying with X.509.

Aimpersonate

Bpersonate

Cdamage

Dcontrol

5.Certificates are （1） documents attesting to the （2） of a public key to an individual or other entity. They allow verification of the claim that a given public key does in fact belong to a given individual. Certificates help prevent someone from using a phony key to （3） someone else. In their simplest form, Certificates contain a public key and a name. As commonly used, a certificate also contains an （4） date, the name of the CA that issued the certificate, a serial number, and perhaps other information. Most importantly, it contains the digital （5） of the certificate issuer. The most widely accepted format for certificates is X.509 , thus, Certificates can be read or written by any application complying with X.509.

Atext

Bdata

Cdigital

Dstructured

参考答案：C
解析：证书是用来证明绑定给个人或其他实体的公钥的数字文件。它们允许对一个给定的公钥确实属于一个给定的个体的声明的确认。认证帮助防止某人使用假冒的密钥去假扮其他人。在它们的最简化版本中，认证包含一个公钥和一个名字。在通常的使用中，一个认证也包含一个过期时间，发布认证的CA的名字，一个序列号还可能有其他信息。最重要的是认证发布者的数字签名。被接受的最广泛的认证格式是X.509，因此，认证能够被任何接受X.509的程序读或写。

【题目解析】证书是用来证明绑定给个人或其他实体的公钥的数字文件。它们允许对一个给定的公钥确实属于一个给定的个体的声明的确认。认证帮助防止某人使用假冒的密钥去假扮其他人。在它们的最简化版本中，认证包含一个公钥和一个名字。在通常的使用中，一个认证也包含一个过期时间，发布认证的CA的名字，一个序列号还可能有其他信息。最重要的是认证发布者的数字签名。被接受的最广泛的认证格式是X.509，因此，认证能够被任何接受X.509的程序读或写。

24[单项选择题]You are a project manager for a small project. Your project was budgeted for ￥500,000 over a six-week period. As of today, you've spent ￥260,000 of your budget to complete work that you originally expected to cost ￥280,000. According to your schedule, you should have spent ￥300,000 by this point. Based on these circumstances, your project could be BEST described as （） .

AAhead of schedule

BBehind schedule

COn schedule

DHaving not enough information provided

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】你是一个项目经理。你目前负责的项目预算是50万元，工期是6周。到目前为止，你已经花费了26万工程款，完成了预算中28万的工作量。根据你之前制定的进度计划，到目前为止，你应该花费30万元工程款。根据这些描述，你的工程目前____________。

25[单项选择题]Project work packages are typically decomposed into smaller componentscalled activities to provide a basis for （）, scheduling, executing, and monitoring and controlling the project work.

Areviewing

Bestimating

Cauditing

Dexpecting

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】把项目工作包分解成更小的称为活动的单元，为估算、进度安排、项目执行、项目监控提供了基础。

26[单项选择题]TCP（Transmission Control Protocol）was specifically designed to provide a reliable end-to-end byte stream over a(n) ( ).

AIP address

Breliable network

Csocket

Dunreliable internetwork

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】【解析】TCP(传输控制协议)被设计成一个基于不可靠的网络上实现可靠的点到点的比特流协议。

27[单项选择题]One tool that is useful during both analysis and design is the（） ,which is a pictorial representation of the items of information(entities)within the system and the relationships between these pieces of information.

Adata dictionary

Bdataflow diagram

Cuse case diagram

Dentity-relationship diagram

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】在系统分析和设计中同样适用的工具是答案D实体关系图，它通过图形形式，表现系统内的实体信息以及这些信息之间的关系。

28[单项选择题]Stack is quite simple. Many computer systems have stacks built into theircircuitry. They also have machine-level instructions to operate the hardwarestack. Stack is （）in computer systems.

Auseless

Bnot important

Csimple but important

Dtoo simple to be useful

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】本题含义可表述为，栈是相当简单的.后两句从意思上看是计算机如何实现栈，实际说栈是计算机组成的一个必要的部分，最后一句是对前面三句的归纳。所以应该选择 C (简单并重要的）•

29[单项选择题]（）is not included in the main contents of the operation and maintenance of the information system.

ADaily operation and maintenance

BSystem change

CSecurity management

DBusiness change

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】下列（）不是信息系统运维工作的内容。
A、日常运维
B、系统更新
C、安全管理
D、业务更新

30[单项选择题]The project maintains a current and approved set of requirements over the life of the project by doing the following:
•（）all changes to the requirements
• Maintaining the relationships among the requirements, the project plans, and the work products

AMonitoring

BManaging

CGathering

DReducing

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】在项目的生命周期里，项目通过如下措施维持一个最新的、经批准的需求集合：
理对需求的变更。
维持需求、项目计划和工作产品之间的关联。

31[单项选择题]( ) is the process of obtaining the stakeholdrs'formal acceptance of the completed project scope.Verifying the scope includes reviewing deliverables and work results to ensure that all were completed satisfactorily.

Ascope definition

BWBS Creation

Cproject acceptance

Dscope verification

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】范围验证是指获取項目干系人对己完成的項目范围的正式认可的过程. 验证范围包括了评审可交付物工作成果，以确定它们均已令人满意地完成.

32[单项选择题]The work that needs to be accomplished to deliver a product, service ,or result with the specified features and functions is called ( ).

AScope management

BIntegrated management

CSOW

DPMO

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】为提供具有规定特性和功能的产品、服务和成果的是工作被称为（）。
A、范围管理
B、集成管理
C、工作说明书
D、项目管理办公室

33[单项选择题]Perform Quality Control is the process of monitoring and recording results of executing the Quality Plan activities to assess performance and recommend necessary changes.( ) are the techniques and tools in performing quality control.
①Activity network diagram ②Cause and effect diagrams ③Inspection④Flow chart⑤Work Breakdown Structure ⑥Pareto chart

A①③⑤

B①②④⑥

C②③④⑤⑥

D①②③④⑥

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】执行质量控制是一个监督、评价项目质量计划活动执行结果和提出变更请求的过程。执行质量控制的技术和工具包括：活动网络图（Activity network diagram)、因果图 (Cause and effect diagrams)、检查（Inspection)、流程图（Flowchart)和帕累托图 CPareto chart) 等，但不也括工作分解结构（Work Breakdown Structure)o

34[单项选择题]A well-designed system should be（）.
①easily understood
②reliable
③straightforward to implement
④straightforward to maintain

A①②

B①③④

C②③④

D①②③④

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】本题含义可表述为：一个优秀的系统设计应该易于理解、具有高可靠性、容易实现、容易维护，所以应该选择D,

35[单项选择题]A requirement is simplya statement of what the system must do or what characteristics it needs to have. Requirements written from the perspective of user and focus on user needs are called _( )_.

Aoperationalrequirements

Bbusiness requirements

Ctechnicalrequirements

Dsystem requirements

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】简单说需求就是关于系统必须做什么或需要有哪些特点的称述。从用户角度所撰写的需求主要关注用户的需求，称为业务需求。

36[单项选择题]Perform Quality Control is the process of monitoring and recording results of executing the Quality Plan activities to assess performance and recommend necessary changes. ( ) are the techniques and tools in performing quality control.
1.Activity network diagram 2.Cause and effect diagrams
3.Inspection 4.Flow chart
5.Work Breakdown Structure 6.Pareto char

A1.3.5.

B2.4.5.6.

C2.3.4.5.6.

D1.2.3.4.6.

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】执行质量控制是一个监督、评价项目质量计划活动执行结果和提出变更请求的过程。执行质量控制的技术和工具包括：活动网络图（Activity network diagram)、因果图 (Cause and effect diagrams)、检査(Inspection)、流程图（Flowchart)和帕累托图(Pareto chart) 等，但不括工作分解结构（Work Breakdown Structure)。

37[单项选择题]The metric assigned to each network depends on the type of protocol.Some simple protocol, like RIP, treats each network as equals.The 　（1）　 of passing through each network is the same;it is one 　（2）　 count.So if a packet passes through 10 network to reach the destination, the total cost is 10 hop counts.Other protocols, such as OSPF, allow the administrator to assign a cost for passing through a network based on the type of service required.A 　（3）　 through a network can have different costs（metrics）.For example, if maximum 　（4）　 is the desired type of service, a satellite link has a lower metric than a fiber-optic line.On the other hand, if minimum 　（5）　 is the desired type of service, a fiber-optic line has a lower metric than a satellite line.OSPF allow each router to have several routing table based on the required type of service.

The metric assigned to each network depends on the type of protocol.Some simple protocol, like RIP, treats each network as equals.The 　（1）　 of passing through each network is the same;it is one 　（2）　 count.So if a packet passes through 10 network to reach the destination, the total cost is 10 hop counts.Other protocols, such as OSPF, allow the administrator to assign a cost for passing through a network based on the type of service required.A 　（3）　 through a network can have different costs（metrics）.For example, if maximum 　（4）　 is the desired type of service, a satellite link has a lower metric than a fiber-optic line.On the other hand, if minimum 　（5）　 is the desired type of service, a fiber-optic line has a lower metric than a satellite line.OSPF allow each router to have several routing table based on the required type of service.

Aprocess

Bhop

Croute

Dflow

参考答案：B
解析：赋予每一个网络的路由度量依赖于协议的类型。对于像RIP这样的简单协议，可以认为每个网络都是相同的，因而通过每一个网络的费用也都是相同的，其费用为1。所以，如果一个分组经过10个网络到达目标，则总的费用就是10跳。其他的协议，例如OSPF，允许网络管理员根据要求的服务类型赋予所通过的网络一个度量值。通过一个网络的路由可以具有不同的费用。例如，若期望的服务类型为最大吞吐率，则卫星链路比光纤线路的费用低。另一方面，如果期望的服务类型为最小延迟，则光纤线路比卫星线路的费用低。OSPF协议允许每一个路由器根据需要的服务类型设置几个不同的路由表。

Apacket

Bthroughput

Cerror

Dnumber

Anumber

Bconnection

Cconnection

Dcost

参考答案：D
解析：赋予每一个网络的路由度量依赖于协议的类型。对于像RIP这样的简单协议，可以认为每个网络都是相同的，因而通过每一个网络的费用也都是相同的，其费用为1。所以，如果一个分组经过10个网络到达目标，则总的费用就是10跳。其他的协议，例如OSPF，允许网络管理员根据要求的服务类型赋予所通过的网络一个度量值。通过一个网络的路由可以具有不同的费用。例如，若期望的服务类型为最大吞吐率，则卫星链路比光纤线路的费用低。另一方面，如果期望的服务类型为最小延迟，则光纤线路比卫星线路的费用低。OSPF协议允许每一个路由器根据需要的服务类型设置几个不同的路由表。

Adelay

Bstream

Cpacket

Dpacket

参考答案：A
解析：赋予每一个网络的路由度量依赖于协议的类型。对于像RIP这样的简单协议，可以认为每个网络都是相同的，因而通过每一个网络的费用也都是相同的，其费用为1。所以，如果一个分组经过10个网络到达目标，则总的费用就是10跳。其他的协议，例如OSPF，允许网络管理员根据要求的服务类型赋予所通过的网络一个度量值。通过一个网络的路由可以具有不同的费用。例如，若期望的服务类型为最大吞吐率，则卫星链路比光纤线路的费用低。另一方面，如果期望的服务类型为最小延迟，则光纤线路比卫星线路的费用低。OSPF协议允许每一个路由器根据需要的服务类型设置几个不同的路由表。

Aflow

Bwindow

Croute

Dcost

参考答案：C
解析：赋予每一个网络的路由度量依赖于协议的类型。对于像RIP这样的简单协议，可以认为每个网络都是相同的，因而通过每一个网络的费用也都是相同的，其费用为1。所以，如果一个分组经过10个网络到达目标，则总的费用就是10跳。其他的协议，例如OSPF，允许网络管理员根据要求的服务类型赋予所通过的网络一个度量值。通过一个网络的路由可以具有不同的费用。例如，若期望的服务类型为最大吞吐率，则卫星链路比光纤线路的费用低。另一方面，如果期望的服务类型为最小延迟，则光纤线路比卫星线路的费用低。OSPF协议允许每一个路由器根据需要的服务类型设置几个不同的路由表。

【题目解析】赋予每一个网络的路由度量依赖于协议的类型。对于像RIP这样的简单协议，可以认为每个网络都是相同的，因而通过每一个网络的费用也都是相同的，其费用为1。所以，如果一个分组经过10个网络到达目标，则总的费用就是10跳。其他的协议，例如OSPF，允许网络管理员根据要求的服务类型赋予所通过的网络一个度量值。通过一个网络的路由可以具有不同的费用。例如，若期望的服务类型为最大吞吐率，则卫星链路比光纤线路的费用低。另一方面，如果期望的服务类型为最小延迟，则光纤线路比卫星线路的费用低。OSPF协议允许每一个路由器根据需要的服务类型设置几个不同的路由表。

38[单项选择题]（）a method of obtaining early feedback on requirements by providing a working model of the expected product before actually building it

Aprototype

Bobject oriented

Cstructured method

Diterative method

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】在实际开发过程中提供预期产品的模型，以获得早期反馈，这种方法称为（）法
A、原型
B、面向对象法
C、结构化方法
D、迭代法

39[单项选择题]（）is the budgeted amount for the work actually completed on the schedule activity or WBS component during a given time period.

APlanned value

BEarned value

CActual cost

DCost variance

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】挣值是在给定时期内按进度活动或WBS部件所完成工作的预算值。

40[单项选择题]In all projects, needs must be tempered by schedule , cost and resource constraints. Project success depends primarily on().

AThe quality of the schedule and cost control analysis

BCustomer satistaction

CCustomer compromise in defining its needs

DExceeding customer requirements through gold-plating

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】在所有项目中，客户的要求必须根据进度，成本和资源约束。项目的成功主要取决于（）。
A、质量进度成本控制分析
B、客户满意度
C、在定义需求时与客户妥协
D、通过镀金超过客户要求

41[单项选择题]（） is one of the tools and techniques of Sequence Activities

ADecomposition

BFishbone Diagram

CPrecedence Diagramming Method

DExpert Judgment

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】下列（）为活动排序的方法。
A、分解
B、鱼骨图
C、前导图法
D、专家判断

42[单项选择题]Serialization delay and （1） delay are the two components of network delay that are improved by increasing bandwidth. Serialization delay, i.e. the amount of time it takes to put the （2） on the wire, and queuing delay (depth of the queue) are improved by increasing the （3） from a 128kbps circuit to a T1. However, three other components of delay, routing/switching delay, distance delay, and protocol delay are components that can not be positively affected by an （4） in bandwidth. If the circuits are not over-utilized, then increasing the bandwidth to improve the （5） of the application will only result in an increased bandwidth with no positive effects on performance.

1.Serialization delay and （1） delay are the two components of network delay that are improved by increasing bandwidth. Serialization delay, i.e. the amount of time it takes to put the （2） on the wire, and queuing delay (depth of the queue) are improved by increasing the （3） from a 128kbps circuit to a T1. However, three other components of delay, routing/switching delay, distance delay, and protocol delay are components that can not be positively affected by an （4） in bandwidth. If the circuits are not over-utilized, then increasing the bandwidth to improve the （5） of the application will only result in an increased bandwidth with no positive effects on performance.

Abuffering

Bqueuing

Creceiving

Dtiming

参考答案：B

2.Serialization delay and （1） delay are the two components of network delay that are improved by increasing bandwidth. Serialization delay, i.e. the amount of time it takes to put the （2） on the wire, and queuing delay (depth of the queue) are improved by increasing the （3） from a 128kbps circuit to a T1. However, three other components of delay, routing/switching delay, distance delay, and protocol delay are components that can not be positively affected by an （4） in bandwidth. If the circuits are not over-utilized, then increasing the bandwidth to improve the （5） of the application will only result in an increased bandwidth with no positive effects on performance.

Aincrease

Bdecrease

Cmaintenance

Dextension

参考答案：A

3.Serialization delay and （1） delay are the two components of network delay that are improved by increasing bandwidth. Serialization delay, i.e. the amount of time it takes to put the （2） on the wire, and queuing delay (depth of the queue) are improved by increasing the （3） from a 128kbps circuit to a T1. However, three other components of delay, routing/switching delay, distance delay, and protocol delay are components that can not be positively affected by an （4） in bandwidth. If the circuits are not over-utilized, then increasing the bandwidth to improve the （5） of the application will only result in an increased bandwidth with no positive effects on performance.

Acapability

Bcost

Camount

Dperformance

参考答案：D

4.Serialization delay and （1） delay are the two components of network delay that are improved by increasing bandwidth. Serialization delay, i.e. the amount of time it takes to put the （2） on the wire, and queuing delay (depth of the queue) are improved by increasing the （3） from a 128kbps circuit to a T1. However, three other components of delay, routing/switching delay, distance delay, and protocol delay are components that can not be positively affected by an （4） in bandwidth. If the circuits are not over-utilized, then increasing the bandwidth to improve the （5） of the application will only result in an increased bandwidth with no positive effects on performance.

Amemory

Bcache

Cbandwidth

Ddelay

参考答案：C

5.Serialization delay and （1） delay are the two components of network delay that are improved by increasing bandwidth. Serialization delay, i.e. the amount of time it takes to put the （2） on the wire, and queuing delay (depth of the queue) are improved by increasing the （3） from a 128kbps circuit to a T1. However, three other components of delay, routing/switching delay, distance delay, and protocol delay are components that can not be positively affected by an （4） in bandwidth. If the circuits are not over-utilized, then increasing the bandwidth to improve the （5） of the application will only result in an increased bandwidth with no positive effects on performance.

Aelectricity

Bdigital

Cdata

Dvariable

参考答案：C

43[单项选择题]Information,in its most restricted technical sense,is a seque of symbols that can be interpreted as a message.ingormation can be recorded as signs,or transmitted as（）

Asymbols

Bmessage

Csignals

Dwave

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】信息是用来代表消息的，可以被标记，或者是以信号的方式传输

44[单项选择题]Risk management allows the project manager and the project team not to（）.

Aeliminate most risks during the planning phase of the project

Bidentify project risks

Cidentify impacts of various risks

Dplan suitable responses

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】下面不属于风险管理中项目经理和项目团队职责的是()。
A．排除大部分项目执行中的风险
B．风险识别
C．风险分析
D．妥善处理

45[单项选择题]Observe that for the programmer, as for the chef, the urgency of the patron（顾客）may govern the scheduled completion of the task, but it cannot govern the actual completion.An omelette（煎鸡蛋）, promised in two minutes, may appear to be progressing nicely. But when it has not set in two minutes, the customer has two choices—waits or eats it raw. Software customers have had （1） choices.Now I do not think software （2） have less inherent courage and firmness than chefs, nor than other engineering managers. But false （3） to match the patron's desired date is much more common in our discipline than elsewhere in engineering. It is very （4）to make a vigorous, plausible, and job risking defense of an estimate that is derived by no quantitative method, supported by little data, and certified chiefly by the hunches of the managers.Clearly two solutions are needed. We need to develop and publicize productivity figures, bug-incidence figures, estimating rules, and so on. The whole profession can only profit from （5） such data. Until estimating is on a sounder basis, individual managers will need to stiffen their backbones and defend their estimates with the assurance that their poor hunches are better than wish derived estimates.

1.Observe that for the programmer, as for the chef, the urgency of the patron（顾客）may govern the scheduled completion of the task, but it cannot govern the actual completion.An omelette（煎鸡蛋）, promised in two minutes, may appear to be progressing nicely. But when it has not set in two minutes, the customer has two choices—waits or eats it raw. Software customers have had （1） choices.Now I do not think software （2） have less inherent courage and firmness than chefs, nor than other engineering managers. But false （3） to match the patron's desired date is much more common in our discipline than elsewhere in engineering. It is very （4）to make a vigorous, plausible, and job risking defense of an estimate that is derived by no quantitative method, supported by little data, and certified chiefly by the hunches of the managers.Clearly two solutions are needed. We need to develop and publicize productivity figures, bug-incidence figures, estimating rules, and so on. The whole profession can only profit from （5） such data. Until estimating is on a sounder basis, individual managers will need to stiffen their backbones and defend their estimates with the assurance that their poor hunches are better than wish derived estimates.

Atasks

Bjobs

Cworks

Dscheduling

参考答案：D
解析：观察一下编程人员，你可能会发现，同厨师一样，某项任务的计划进度，可能受限于顾客要求的紧迫程度，但紧迫程度无法控制实际的完成情况。就像约好在两分钟内完成一个煎蛋，看上去可能进行得非常好。但当它无法在两分钟内完成时，顾客只能选择等待或者生吃煎蛋。软件顾客的情况与此类似。
我现在并不认为软件经理内在的勇气和坚持不如厨师．或者不如其他工程经理。但为了满足顾客期望的日期而造成的不合理进度安排，在软件领域中却比其他的任何工程领域要普遍得多。而且，非量化方法的采用，少得可怜的数据支持，加上完全借助软件经理的直觉，这样的方式很难生产出健壮可靠和规避风险的估计。
显然我们需要两种解决方案。开发并推行生产率图表、缺陷率、估算规则等等，整个组织最终会从这些数据的共享上获益。或者在基于可靠基础的估算出现之前，项目经理需要挺直腰杆并坚持他们的估计，确信自己的经验和直觉总比从期望得出的估计要强得多。

2.Observe that for the programmer, as for the chef, the urgency of the patron（顾客）may govern the scheduled completion of the task, but it cannot govern the actual completion.An omelette（煎鸡蛋）, promised in two minutes, may appear to be progressing nicely. But when it has not set in two minutes, the customer has two choices—waits or eats it raw. Software customers have had （1） choices.Now I do not think software （2） have less inherent courage and firmness than chefs, nor than other engineering managers. But false （3） to match the patron's desired date is much more common in our discipline than elsewhere in engineering. It is very （4）to make a vigorous, plausible, and job risking defense of an estimate that is derived by no quantitative method, supported by little data, and certified chiefly by the hunches of the managers.Clearly two solutions are needed. We need to develop and publicize productivity figures, bug-incidence figures, estimating rules, and so on. The whole profession can only profit from （5） such data. Until estimating is on a sounder basis, individual managers will need to stiffen their backbones and defend their estimates with the assurance that their poor hunches are better than wish derived estimates.

Atesters

Bconstructors

Cmanagers

Darchitects

参考答案：C
解析：观察一下编程人员，你可能会发现，同厨师一样，某项任务的计划进度，可能受限于顾客要求的紧迫程度，但紧迫程度无法控制实际的完成情况。就像约好在两分钟内完成一个煎蛋，看上去可能进行得非常好。但当它无法在两分钟内完成时，顾客只能选择等待或者生吃煎蛋。软件顾客的情况与此类似。
我现在并不认为软件经理内在的勇气和坚持不如厨师．或者不如其他工程经理。但为了满足顾客期望的日期而造成的不合理进度安排，在软件领域中却比其他的任何工程领域要普遍得多。而且，非量化方法的采用，少得可怜的数据支持，加上完全借助软件经理的直觉，这样的方式很难生产出健壮可靠和规避风险的估计。
显然我们需要两种解决方案。开发并推行生产率图表、缺陷率、估算规则等等，整个组织最终会从这些数据的共享上获益。或者在基于可靠基础的估算出现之前，项目经理需要挺直腰杆并坚持他们的估计，确信自己的经验和直觉总比从期望得出的估计要强得多。

Observe that for the programmer, as for the chef, the urgency of the patron（顾客）

may govern the scheduled completion of the task, but it cannot govern the actual completion.

An omelette（煎鸡蛋）, promised in two minutes, may appear to be progressing nicely. But

when it has not set in two minutes, the customer has two choices—waits or eats it raw. Software customers have had （1） choices.Now I do not think software （2） have less inherent courage and firmness than chefs, nor than other engineering managers. But false （3） to match the patron's desired date is much more common in our discipline than elsewhere in engineering. It is very （4）to make a vigorous, plausible, and job risking defense of an estimate that is derived by no quantitative method, supported by little data, and certified chiefly by the hunches of the managers.Clearly two solutions are needed. We need to develop and publicize productivity figures, bug-incidence figures, estimating rules, and so on. The whole profession can only profit from （5） such data. Until estimating is on a sounder basis, individual managers will need to stiffen their backbones and defend their estimates with the assurance that their poor hunches are better than wish derived estimates.

Ano

Bthe same

Cother

Dlots of

参考答案：B
解析：观察一下编程人员，你可能会发现，同厨师一样，某项任务的计划进度，可能受限于顾客要求的紧迫程度，但紧迫程度无法控制实际的完成情况。就像约好在两分钟内完成一个煎蛋，看上去可能进行得非常好。但当它无法在两分钟内完成时，顾客只能选择等待或者生吃煎蛋。软件顾客的情况与此类似。
我现在并不认为软件经理内在的勇气和坚持不如厨师．或者不如其他工程经理。但为了满足顾客期望的日期而造成的不合理进度安排，在软件领域中却比其他的任何工程领域要普遍得多。而且，非量化方法的采用，少得可怜的数据支持，加上完全借助软件经理的直觉，这样的方式很难生产出健壮可靠和规避风险的估计。
显然我们需要两种解决方案。开发并推行生产率图表、缺陷率、估算规则等等，整个组织最终会从这些数据的共享上获益。或者在基于可靠基础的估算出现之前，项目经理需要挺直腰杆并坚持他们的估计，确信自己的经验和直觉总比从期望得出的估计要强得多。

4.Observe that for the programmer, as for the chef, the urgency of the patron（顾客）may govern the scheduled completion of the task, but it cannot govern the actual completion.An omelette（煎鸡蛋）, promised in two minutes, may appear to be progressing nicely. But when it has not set in two minutes, the customer has two choices—waits or eats it raw. Software customers have had （1） choices.Now I do not think software （2） have less inherent courage and firmness than chefs, nor than other engineering managers. But false （3） to match the patron's desired date is much more common in our discipline than elsewhere in engineering. It is very （4）to make a vigorous, plausible, and job risking defense of an estimate that is derived by no quantitative method, supported by little data, and certified chiefly by the hunches of the managers.Clearly two solutions are needed. We need to develop and publicize productivity figures, bug-incidence figures, estimating rules, and so on. The whole profession can only profit from （5） such data. Until estimating is on a sounder basis, individual managers will need to stiffen their backbones and defend their estimates with the assurance that their poor hunches are better than wish derived estimates.

Aeasy

Bdifficult

Csimple

Dpainless

5.Observe that for the programmer, as for the chef, the urgency of the patron（顾客）may govern the scheduled completion of the task, but it cannot govern the actual completion.An omelette（煎鸡蛋）, promised in two minutes, may appear to be progressing nicely. But when it has not set in two minutes, the customer has two choices—waits or eats it raw. Software customers have had （1） choices.Now I do not think software （2） have less inherent courage and firmness than chefs, nor than other engineering managers. But false （3） to match the patron's desired date is much more common in our discipline than elsewhere in engineering. It is very （4）to make a vigorous, plausible, and job risking defense of an estimate that is derived by no quantitative method, supported by little data, and certified chiefly by the hunches of the managers.Clearly two solutions are needed. We need to develop and publicize productivity figures, bug-incidence figures, estimating rules, and so on. The whole profession can only profit from （5） such data. Until estimating is on a sounder basis, individual managers will need to stiffen their backbones and defend their estimates with the assurance that their poor hunches are better than wish derived estimates.

Asharing

Bexcluding

Comitting

Domitting

参考答案：A
解析：观察一下编程人员，你可能会发现，同厨师一样，某项任务的计划进度，可能受限于顾客要求的紧迫程度，但紧迫程度无法控制实际的完成情况。就像约好在两分钟内完成一个煎蛋，看上去可能进行得非常好。但当它无法在两分钟内完成时，顾客只能选择等待或者生吃煎蛋。软件顾客的情况与此类似。
我现在并不认为软件经理内在的勇气和坚持不如厨师．或者不如其他工程经理。但为了满足顾客期望的日期而造成的不合理进度安排，在软件领域中却比其他的任何工程领域要普遍得多。而且，非量化方法的采用，少得可怜的数据支持，加上完全借助软件经理的直觉，这样的方式很难生产出健壮可靠和规避风险的估计。
显然我们需要两种解决方案。开发并推行生产率图表、缺陷率、估算规则等等，整个组织最终会从这些数据的共享上获益。或者在基于可靠基础的估算出现之前，项目经理需要挺直腰杆并坚持他们的估计，确信自己的经验和直觉总比从期望得出的估计要强得多。

【题目解析】观察一下编程人员，你可能会发现，同厨师一样，某项任务的计划进度，可能受限于顾客要求的紧迫程度，但紧迫程度无法控制实际的完成情况。就像约好在两分钟内完成一个煎蛋，看上去可能进行得非常好。但当它无法在两分钟内完成时，顾客只能选择等待或者生吃煎蛋。软件顾客的情况与此类似。
我现在并不认为软件经理内在的勇气和坚持不如厨师．或者不如其他工程经理。但为了满足顾客期望的日期而造成的不合理进度安排，在软件领域中却比其他的任何工程领域要普遍得多。而且，非量化方法的采用，少得可怜的数据支持，加上完全借助软件经理的直觉，这样的方式很难生产出健壮可靠和规避风险的估计。
显然我们需要两种解决方案。开发并推行生产率图表、缺陷率、估算规则等等，整个组织最终会从这些数据的共享上获益。或者在基于可靠基础的估算出现之前，项目经理需要挺直腰杆并坚持他们的估计，确信自己的经验和直觉总比从期望得出的估计要强得多。

46[单项选择题]（）are individuals and organizations that are actively involved in the project, or whose interests may be affected as a result of project execution or project completion; they may also exert influence over the project and its results.

AControls

BBaselines

CProject stakeholders

DProject managers

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】项目干系人是积极参与到项目中，或其利益可能会受项目执行或完成结果影响的个人或组织；他们可能会对项目及其结果施加影响。

47[单项选择题]Your company CEO just sent you an E-mail asking you to make a … on your project , which has been in progress for 10 months , to all Identified internal and external stakeholders. He scheduled the presentation for next Monday.You expect more than 50 people to attend. The first step in preparing the presentation is to ( ).

Adefine the audience

Bdetermine the objective

Cdecide on the general form of the presentation

Dplan a presentation strategy

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】你负责的项目已经进行了10个月，某天，公司的CEO给你发了一封电子邮件，要你向所有的、确定的、内部和外部的干系人报告项目当前的情况，报告的时间定在了下周一，你预计可能会有50多人出席。报告准备的第一步是确定目标。
A：明确报告的听众
B：确定目标
C：确定报告的总体格式
D：设计一个报告战略

48[单项选择题]Project （） Management includes the processes required to ensure that the project includes all the work required, and only the work required, to complete the project successfully.

AIntegration

BScope

CConfiguration

DRequirement

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】项目范围管理包括为确保项目包含且仅只包含成功完成项目必须工作的所需过程。

49[单项选择题]（） is one of the techniques used for estimating activity durations.

AAnalogous Estimating

BPrecedence Diagramming Method (PDM)

CDependency Determination

DSchedule network Templates

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】下例用于活动历时估算的技术是答案A类比估算法。

50[单项选择题]Most of the host operating system provides a way to automated confgure the IP information needed by a host. Automated configeration methods, such as （） ,are required to solve the problem.

AIPSec

BDHCP

CPPT

DSOAP

【参考答案】B

51[单项选择题]Which of the following is not part of a modern quality management concept? （）

APerformance standard is zero defects

BQuality must be inspected in

C85% of failures occur because of the process, not the worker

DQuality is a 4 cycle process – plan/do/check/act

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】A.C.D是经典质量理论，只有B不是。

52[单项选择题]Software engineers apply the principles of software engineering to the design, development, ( ),testing, and evaluation of the software and systems that make computers or anything containing software work.

ARequirement

Bconstruction

Cservice

Dmaintenance

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】软件工程师利用软件工程原理来设计、开发、（）、测试、以及评估软件和系统。这些软件好系统使得计算机或其他包含软件的工作能够正常运行。
A、需求
B、建造
C、服务
D、维护

53[单项选择题]The main types of social networking services are those that contain category places (such as former school year or classmates), means to connect with friends (usually with self-description pages), and a recommendation system linked to （）.

Anet

Binterests

Cothers

Dtrust

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】主流类型的社交网络通常包含一些诸如校友或同学等分类的场所，这些朋友通常会有自我介绍，而且社交网络也是一种基于（）关系的推荐系统
A、网络
B、兴趣
C、其它
D、信任

54[单项选择题]Project Time Management includes the processes required to manage timelycompletion of the project, these processes interact with each other. （） isfollowing the process- Estimate Activity Durations.

A、Develop Schedule

BEstimate Activity Resources

CDefine Activities

DSequence Activities

E|*|项目进度管理包含多个项目实效管理过程，这些过程相互彫响.其中紧接活动.历时

【参考答案】E

55[单项选择题]Traditional Internet access methods like dial-up were so slow that host computers were connected to the dial-up （1） at the customer premise over slow （2） ports. PPP was designed to run directly over these serial links. But with the advent of broadband Internet （3） technologies such as ADSL and cable modems there has been a considerable increase in the bandwidth delivered to the end users. This means that the host computers at the customer premise connect to the （4） or cable “modem” over a much faster medium such as Ethernet. It also means that multiple（5） can be connect to the Internet through the same connection.

1.Traditional Internet access methods like dial-up were so slow that host computers were connected to the dial-up （1） at the customer premise over slow （2） ports. PPP was designed to run directly over these serial links. But with the advent of broadband Internet （3） technologies such as ADSL and cable modems there has been a considerable increase in the bandwidth delivered to the end users. This means that the host computers at the customer premise connect to the （4） or cable “modem” over a much faster medium such as Ethernet. It also means that multiple（5） can be connect to the Internet through the same connection.

Abuffer

Bmodem

Ccomputer

Dserver

参考答案：B
解析：像拨接传统的互联网接入方式是如此之慢，主机均是在客户端通过慢速（ 2 ）端口连接到拨号上网（ 1 ）。购买力平价的目的是直接通过这些串行链路运行。但随着宽带互联网的出现（3）的技术，如ADSL和电缆调制解调器出现了在交付给最终用户的带宽大大增加。这意味着，主计算机在用户驻地连接到（4）或电缆“调制解调器”过诸如以太网介质中的速度要快得多。这也意味着，多个（5）可以通过相同的连接被连接到互联网。
（1） A.buffer B.modem C.computer D.server
（2） A.parallel B.digital C.serial D.variable
（3） A.access B.cache C.cast D.storage
（4） A.FDDI B.HDSL C.ADSL D.CDMA
（5） A.cables B.hosts C.servers D.modems

Traditional Internet access methods like dial-up were so slow that host computers were connected to the dial-up （1） at the customer premise over slow （2） ports. PPP was designed to run directly over these serial links. But with the advent of broadband Internet （3） technologies such as ADSL and cable modems there has been a considerable increase in the bandwidth delivered to the end users. This means that the host computers at the customer premise connect to the （4） or cable “modem” over a much faster medium such as Ethernet. It also means that multiple（5） can be connect to the Internet through the same connection.

Aaccess

Bcache

Ccast

Dstorage

参考答案：A
解析：像拨接传统的互联网接入方式是如此之慢，主机均是在客户端通过慢速（ 2 ）端口连接到拨号上网（ 1 ）。购买力平价的目的是直接通过这些串行链路运行。但随着宽带互联网的出现（3）的技术，如ADSL和电缆调制解调器出现了在交付给最终用户的带宽大大增加。这意味着，主计算机在用户驻地连接到（4）或电缆“调制解调器”过诸如以太网介质中的速度要快得多。这也意味着，多个（5）可以通过相同的连接被连接到互联网。
（1） A.buffer B.modem C.computer D.server
（2） A.parallel B.digital C.serial D.variable
（3） A.access B.cache C.cast D.storage
（4） A.FDDI B.HDSL C.ADSL D.CDMA
（5） A.cables B.hosts C.servers D.modems

AFDDI

BHDSL

CADSL

DCDMA

参考答案：C
解析：像拨接传统的互联网接入方式是如此之慢，主机均是在客户端通过慢速（ 2 ）端口连接到拨号上网（ 1 ）。购买力平价的目的是直接通过这些串行链路运行。但随着宽带互联网的出现（3）的技术，如ADSL和电缆调制解调器出现了在交付给最终用户的带宽大大增加。这意味着，主计算机在用户驻地连接到（4）或电缆“调制解调器”过诸如以太网介质中的速度要快得多。这也意味着，多个（5）可以通过相同的连接被连接到互联网。
（1） A.buffer B.modem C.computer D.server
（2） A.parallel B.digital C.serial D.variable
（3） A.access B.cache C.cast D.storage
（4） A.FDDI B.HDSL C.ADSL D.CDMA
（5） A.cables B.hosts C.servers D.modems

Aparallel

Bdigital

Cserial

Dvariable

Acables

Bhosts

Cservers

Dmodems

【题目解析】像拨接传统的互联网接入方式是如此之慢，主机均是在客户端通过慢速（ 2 ）端口连接到拨号上网（ 1 ）。购买力平价的目的是直接通过这些串行链路运行。但随着宽带互联网的出现（3）的技术，如ADSL和电缆调制解调器出现了在交付给最终用户的带宽大大增加。这意味着，主计算机在用户驻地连接到（4）或电缆“调制解调器”过诸如以太网介质中的速度要快得多。这也意味着，多个（5）可以通过相同的连接被连接到互联网。
（1） A.buffer B.modem C.computer D.server
（2） A.parallel B.digital C.serial D.variable
（3） A.access B.cache C.cast D.storage
（4） A.FDDI B.HDSL C.ADSL D.CDMA
（5） A.cables B.hosts C.servers D.modems

56[单项选择题]The earned value technique is a commonly used method of performance measurement. It integrates project scope, schedule, and cost measures to help the project management team assess project performance. If a project's Cost Performance Index(CPI=EV/AC) value less than 1.0, it means that ( )

Athe cost savings for work completed

Bthe project is ahead of its planned schedule

Cthe cost overrun for work completed

Dless work was completed than was planned

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】挣值管理（EVM)是一种常用的绩效测量方法。它综合考虑项目范围、进度与成本指标，帮助项目管理团队评估项目绩效。如果某个项目的成本绩效指数（CP1=EV/AC) 值小于1.0,则说明已完成的工作的成本超支（the cost overrun for work completed)。

57[单项选择题]Object-oriented analysis (OOA) is a semiformal specification technique for the object-oriented paradigm. Object-oriented analysis consists of three steps. The first step is（1）. It determines how the various results are computed by the product and presents this information in the form of a （2） and associated scenarios. The second is （3） , which determines the classes and their attributes, then determines the interrelationships and interaction among the classes. The last step is （4） , which determines the actions performed by or to each class or subclass and presents this information in the form of （5） .

Object-oriented analysis (OOA) is a semiformal specification technique for the object-oriented paradigm. Object-oriented analysis consists of three steps. The first step is（1）. It determines how the various results are computed by the product and presents this information in the form of a （2） and associated scenarios. The second is （3） , which determines the classes and their attributes, then determines the interrelationships and interaction among the classes. The last step is （4） , which determines the actions performed by or to each class or subclass and presents this information in the form of （5） .

Ause-case modeling

Bclass modeling

Cdynamic modeling

Dbehavioral modeling

参考答案：A
解析：面向别象的分析〔ooA)是一种面向对象范型的半形式化描述技术.面向对象的分析包括3个步骤：第I步是用例建模。它决定了如何由产品得到各项计算结果.并以用例图和相关场景的方式展现出来：笫2步是类建模，它决定了类及其属性.然后确定类之间的关系和交互:第3步是动态建模.它决定了类或每个子类的行为.并以状态图的形式进行表示。

（

Ause-case modeling

Bclass modeling

Cdynamic modeling

Dbehavioral modeling

参考答案：B
解析：面向别象的分析〔ooA)是一种面向对象范型的半形式化描述技术.面向对象的分析包括3个步骤：第I步是用例建模。它决定了如何由产品得到各项计算结果.并以用例图和相关场景的方式展现出来：笫2步是类建模，它决定了类及其属性.然后确定类之间的关系和交互:第3步是动态建模.它决定了类或每个子类的行为.并以状态图的形式进行表示。

Ause-case modeling

Bclass modeling

Cdynamic modeling

Dbehavioral modeling

参考答案：C
解析：面向别象的分析〔ooA)是一种面向对象范型的半形式化描述技术.面向对象的分析包括3个步骤：第I步是用例建模。它决定了如何由产品得到各项计算结果.并以用例图和相关场景的方式展现出来：笫2步是类建模，它决定了类及其属性.然后确定类之间的关系和交互:第3步是动态建模.它决定了类或每个子类的行为.并以状态图的形式进行表示。

Aactivity diagram

Bcomponent diagram

Csequence diagram

Dstate diagram

参考答案：D
解析：面向别象的分析〔ooA)是一种面向对象范型的半形式化描述技术.面向对象的分析包括3个步骤：第I步是用例建模。它决定了如何由产品得到各项计算结果.并以用例图和相关场景的方式展现出来：笫2步是类建模，它决定了类及其属性.然后确定类之间的关系和交互:第3步是动态建模.它决定了类或每个子类的行为.并以状态图的形式进行表示。

Acollaboration diagram

Bsequence diagram

Cuse-case diagram

Dactivity diagram

【题目解析】面向别象的分析〔ooA)是一种面向对象范型的半形式化描述技术.面向对象的分析包括3个步骤：第I步是用例建模。它决定了如何由产品得到各项计算结果.并以用例图和相关场景的方式展现出来：笫2步是类建模，它决定了类及其属性.然后确定类之间的关系和交互:第3步是动态建模.它决定了类或每个子类的行为.并以状态图的形式进行表示。

58[单项选择题]（）Development is a structured design methodology that proceeds ina sequence from one phase to the next.

AWaterfall

BPhased

CPrototyping

DParallel

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】本题含义可表述为，瀑布摸型是一种结构化设计方法，是一个阶段接有一个阶段的顺序过程。所以应该选择A

59[单项选择题]Perform Quality Control is the process of monitoring and recording results of executing the Quality Plan activities to assess performance and recommend necessary changes．( ) are the techniques and tools in performing quality control．
① Statistical sampling
②Run chart Perform Quality Control is the process of monitoring and recording results of executing the Quality Plan activities to assess performance and recommend necessary changes．( ) are the techniques and tools in performing quality control．
①Statistical sampling
②Run chart
③Control charts
④Critical Path Method
⑤Pareto chart
⑥Cause and effect diagrams

A①②③④

B②③④⑤

C①②③⑤⑥

D①③④⑤⑥

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】实现项目质量控制的方法、技术和工具包括统计抽样（statistical sampling）、运行图（Run chart）、控制图（Control charts）、帕累托图（Pareto chart）。以及因果图（Cause and effect diagrams）等。
关键路径法（Critical Path Method）是制定项目进度计划的方法，因此选C.

60[单项选择题]A project manager is called to an informal meeting with the customer and a problem is raised. This problem has major implications for the project manager’s company, but the customer wants to pursue a solutionat the meeting, The project manager should（）. A．Tell the customer that he will not address any problems

ATell the customer that the problem is not sufficiently defined to company to a solution

BCollect as much information on the problem without committing hiscompany to a solution

CGive the customer a range of solutions that might be acceptable to his company

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】在本题案例中，客户在与项目经理的一次非正式会议上提出了一个问题，并试图在会上获得问题的解决方案。由于这个问题主要牵扯到项目经理所在公司，该项目经理无法马上解决的这一问题。这时，作为项目经理，应该特别注意与客户的沟通方式，并采取一定的沟通技巧。
选项A和选项B的做法都属于简单回绝型的应对方式。缺乏经验的项目经理，在与客户沟通时，总会不自觉地当场给客户一个“是”或“否”的结论，这种做法是不恰当的，特别是当场回绝客户更不可取。因为直接给出结论型回答，一方面可能会出现回复给客户的结论不当，另一方面也会让客尸感觉到没有真正用心对待他们的需求。当客户提出一些难以处理的问题时，一定不能当场直接回绝客户，正确的做法应该是先把问题记录下来，并尽量收集相关信息，等进行仔细评估或报告上级批准后再答复客户，甚至可以请公司高层与客户沟通。这样做既会让问题得到一个比较妥善的解决，同时也会让客户感觉到项目经理是一个做事稳健、思维严谨、对事负责的人，从而为以后的合作打好基础。选项C的处理方式就是这种正确的做法。
而选项D的做法看似合理，但在没有充分搞清楚问题前所给出这一系列所谓的解决方案将来能否被公司所接受尚不能确定，而且项目经理所给出的这些方案让用户选择，实际上是把问题又抛回给了用户，并不能真正解决问题，反而容易导致和客户之间进一步的纠缠不清，既可能让用户感到对多种选择无所适从，又可能在客户选择了某项解决方案后，由于项目经理的考虑不周而导致将来丧失在真正解决问题时的灵活主动。
因此，根据上述分析可知，正确答案应选C。

61[单项选择题]he approved change requests have an effect on the project scope, then the corresponding component documents and cost baselines, and（） of the project management plan. Are revised and reissued to reflect the approved changes

Adeveloping baselines

Btesting baselines

Cschedule baselines

Dending baselines

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】如果批准的变更请求对项目范围的影响，那么相应的组件文件和成本基线，和（）的项目管理计划。修订再版反映批准的变更
A、发展基线
B、测试基线
C、进度基线
D、结束基线

62[单项选择题]The Unified Modeling Language is a standard graphical language for modeling object-oriented software．（）can show the behavior of systems in terms of how objects interact with each other．

AClass diagram

BComponent diagram

CSequence diagram

DUse case diagram

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】统一建模语言是为面向对象软件建模的一种标准图形语言。顺序图可以根据对象间如何交互来展示系统的行为。
选项A是类图，选项B是组件图，选项C是顺序图，选项D是用例图。

63[单项选择题]Organizations perform work to achieve a set of objectives. Generally, work can be categorized as either projects or operations, although the two sometimes are （） .

Aconfused

Bsame

Coverlap

Ddissever

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】组织执行工作以达成一组目标。通常，工作可被分为项目或是运营，虽然两者在某些时候会有所重叠。

64[单项选择题]Routing protocols use different techniques for assigning （1） to individual network. Further, each routing protocol forms a metric aggregation in a different way. Most routing protocols can use multiple paths if the paths has an equal （2） . Some routing protocols can even use multiple paths when paths have an unequal cost. In either case, load （3） can improve overall allocation of network bandwidth. When multiple paths are used, there are several ways to distribute the packets. The two most common mechanisms are per-packet load balancing and per-destination load balancing. Per-packet load balancing distributes the （4） across the possible routes in a manner proportional to the route metrics. Per-destination load balancing distributes packets across the possible routes based on （5） .

（4）destinations

Aresources

Bresources

Cpackets

Dpackets

参考答案：C
解析：路由协议使用各种技术来确定到达不同网络的跳数。此外，每个路由协议用不同的方法形成一个跳数聚集。大多数路由协议可以使用多条路径，如果它们代价相等，一些路由协议甚至可以在路径代价不等时也使用多条路径。在任何情况下，负载均衡可以提高整体的网络带宽分配。当使用多条路径时，有几种方法分配数据包。最常见的两种机制是按包负载平衡和按目的地负载平衡。按包负载均衡是按路由跳数成比例地分配数据包。按目的地负载平衡是基于目的地来分配数据包。

Routing protocols use different techniques for assigning （1） to individual network. Further, each routing protocol forms a metric aggregation in a different way. Most routing protocols can use multiple paths if the paths has an equal （2） . Some routing protocols can even use multiple paths when paths have an unequal cost. In either case, load （3） can improve overall allocation of network bandwidth. When multiple paths are used, there are several ways to distribute the packets. The two most common mechanisms are per-packet load balancing and per-destination load balancing. Per-packet load balancing distributes the （4） across the possible routes in a manner proportional to the route metrics. Per-destination load balancing distributes packets across the possible routes based on （5） .

Adestinations

Bresources

Cpackets

Dsources

参考答案：A
解析：路由协议使用各种技术来确定到达不同网络的跳数。此外，每个路由协议用不同的方法形成一个跳数聚集。大多数路由协议可以使用多条路径，如果它们代价相等，一些路由协议甚至可以在路径代价不等时也使用多条路径。在任何情况下，负载均衡可以提高整体的网络带宽分配。当使用多条路径时，有几种方法分配数据包。最常见的两种机制是按包负载平衡和按目的地负载平衡。按包负载均衡是按路由跳数成比例地分配数据包。按目的地负载平衡是基于目的地来分配数据包。

Acalls

Bmetrics

Clinks

Ddestinations

参考答案：B
解析：路由协议使用各种技术来确定到达不同网络的跳数。此外，每个路由协议用不同的方法形成一个跳数聚集。大多数路由协议可以使用多条路径，如果它们代价相等，一些路由协议甚至可以在路径代价不等时也使用多条路径。在任何情况下，负载均衡可以提高整体的网络带宽分配。当使用多条路径时，有几种方法分配数据包。最常见的两种机制是按包负载平衡和按目的地负载平衡。按包负载均衡是按路由跳数成比例地分配数据包。按目的地负载平衡是基于目的地来分配数据包。

Abracketing

Bbalancing

Cdownloading

Dtransmitting

Auser

Bdistance

Centity

Dcost

参考答案：D
解析：路由协议使用各种技术来确定到达不同网络的跳数。此外，每个路由协议用不同的方法形成一个跳数聚集。大多数路由协议可以使用多条路径，如果它们代价相等，一些路由协议甚至可以在路径代价不等时也使用多条路径。在任何情况下，负载均衡可以提高整体的网络带宽分配。当使用多条路径时，有几种方法分配数据包。最常见的两种机制是按包负载平衡和按目的地负载平衡。按包负载均衡是按路由跳数成比例地分配数据包。按目的地负载平衡是基于目的地来分配数据包。

【题目解析】路由协议使用各种技术来确定到达不同网络的跳数。此外，每个路由协议用不同的方法形成一个跳数聚集。大多数路由协议可以使用多条路径，如果它们代价相等，一些路由协议甚至可以在路径代价不等时也使用多条路径。在任何情况下，负载均衡可以提高整体的网络带宽分配。当使用多条路径时，有几种方法分配数据包。最常见的两种机制是按包负载平衡和按目的地负载平衡。按包负载均衡是按路由跳数成比例地分配数据包。按目的地负载平衡是基于目的地来分配数据包。

65[单项选择题]The network layer provides services to the ( ) layer. It can be based on either virtual circuits or datagrams .In both cases, its main job is routing packets from the source to the destination.

Atransport

Bapplication

Cpresentation

Ddata link

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】网络层为传输（transport)层提供服务，它基于虚电路或数据报方式，其主要工作是对源节点的数据包进行路由选择，转发到目的节点。

66[单项选择题]The software architecture of a program or computing system is the structure or structures of the system, which comprise software( ), the externally visible properties of those components, and the relationships between them.

Apattern

Bmodels

Ccomponents

Dmetadata

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】一个程序和计算机系统软件体系结构（或软件架构）是指系统的一个或者多个结构，结构中包括软件的构件（components)、构件的外部可见属性，以及它们之间的相互关系。

67[单项选择题]（）means that every project has a definite beginning and a definite end.

AProject phase

BUnique

C.Temporary

DClosure

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】临时性是指每一个项目都要一个明确的开始时间和结束时间。

68[单项选择题]You have just taken control of a project in the middle of execution and need to learn who has approval authority for revisions in scope. ( ) document provides this information.

AResource assignment matrix

BChange control plan

CProject charter

DClient organization chart

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】你刚刚接受了一个执行到中期的项目，你需要了解谁负责授权对项目范围进行修订。提供这些信息的文档是（）。
A、资源分配矩阵
B、变更控制计划
C、项目章程
D、客户的组织结构图

69[单项选择题]There are strategies typically deal with threats or risk that may have negative impacts on project objectives if they occur, some other strategies are suggested to deal with risks with potentially positive impacts.（） is a risk response strategy that may be adopted for either threats or opportunities.

Ashare

BMitigate

CTransfer

DAcceptance

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】一部分策略用于应对威胁或可能给项目目标带来消极影响的风险；另一部分策略用于处理对项目目标有潜在积极影响的风险，接受（Acceptance）是一个既可用来应对威胁，也可用来应对机会的风险应对策略。
A选项：风险；B选项：减轻；C选项：转移

70[单项选择题]（）describes,in detail,the project’s deliverables and the work required to create those deliverables.

AProduct scope description

BProject objectives

CStakeholder Analysis

DThe projects cope statement

【参考答案】D

71[单项选择题]Precedence Diagramming Method(PDM) is a method used in activity sequencing.There are four types of dependencies or precedence relationships in PDM. The initiation of the successor activity depends upon the completion of the predecessor activity is called （）.

AFinish-to-Start

BFinish-to-Finish

CStart-to-Start

DStart-to-Finish

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】前导图法（PDM）是用在活动排序过程的技术之一，PDM包括4种活动依赖（或前导）关系，后续活动的开始依赖于前置活动的完成，这称之为结束——开始（F-S）的关系

72[单项选择题]All Of followings should be done by the project manager during project control except().

ADetermine that a change has occurred

BEnsure thata change is agreed

CMake sure all changes are approved by management

DManage changes as they occur

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】下列中,（）不是项目经理在项目控制过程组要完成的工作。
A、确定变更已经发生
B、确保变更被同意
C、确保所有变更均被管理人员批准
D、变更发生时对其进行管理

73[单项选择题]Circuit-switching technology is used in Publish Switched Telephone Network(PSTN), Global System for Mobile Communications(GSM) and code Division Multiple Access (CMDA) . It is a ( ) information transfer mode.

Aconnection oriented

Bconnectionless

Chigh bandwidth utilization

Dpoor real-time

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】电路交换技术用户PSTN、GSM和CDMA，它采用的是面向连接的通信方式。

74[单项选择题]A schedule is commonly used in project planning and project portfolio management. （） on a schedule may be closely related to the work breakdown structure (WBS)terminal elements, the statement of work, or a contract data requirements list.

AEssences

BElements

CPurposes

DIssues

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】进度计划经常用来进行项目规划和项目组合管理。进度计划的（）与WBS的末端元素、工作说明书或者合同数据需求列表紧密相关。
A、本质
B、元素
C、目的
D、问题

75[单项选择题]The work breakdown structure comprises several levels of decompositionof the total project. The lowest level of definition is always the（）

APlanning element

BWork package

Csubtask

DWorking ineterface

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】创建工作分解结构是一个把项目可交付物和项目工作逐步分层分解为更小的、更易于管理的项目单元的过程，它组织并定义了整个项目范围。项目的工作分解结构( Work Breakdown Structure，WBS)是管理项目范围的基础，详细描述了项目所要完成的工作。WBS的组成元素有助于项目干系人检查项目的最终产品。WBS的最低层元素是能够被评估的、可以安排进度的和被追踪的。
WBS的最底层的工作单元被称为工作包(Work Package)，它是定义工作范围、定义项目组织、设定项目产品的质量和规格、估算和控制费用、估算时间周期和安排进度的基础。
因此，根据上述内容可知，正确答案应选B。

76[单项选择题]hich factors must be most considered when developing acceptance creteria?（）

AMatch with requirements

BUser availability

CAblity to benchmark system

DSchedule of system delivery

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】

77[单项选择题]ervice (1) Architecture aims to provide a model for the creation of service components in a wide range of languages and a model for assembling service components into a business solution - activities which are at the heart of building applications using a (2) architecture.Service Data Objects aims to provide consistent means of handling (3) within applications,whatever its source or (4) may be. SDO provides a way of unifying data handling for databases and for services. SDO also has mechanisms for the handling of data while (5) from its source.

1.ervice (1) Architecture aims to provide a model for the creation of service components in a wide range of languages and a model for assembling service components into a business solution - activities which are at the heart of building applications using a (2) architecture.Service Data Objects aims to provide consistent means of handling (3) within applications,whatever its source or (4) may be. SDO provides a way of unifying data handling for databases and for services. SDO also has mechanisms for the handling of data while (5) from its source.

Aconsisted

Bbuilded

Cassembled

Ddetached

参考答案：D
解析：(1)C； (2)B； (3)A： (4)B： (5)D•参考译文：服务构件架构（Service Component Architecture) 致力于为使用广泛的编程语言来构造服务构件提供一种编程模型，并且也为把这些服务构件组装为一个业务上的解决方案提供了一种模型，这种组装的活动正是采用面向服务的架构（service-oriented architecture) 来搭建应用系统的核心的.
服务数据对象（Service Data Objects)致力于为应用系统中处理数据（data)提供统一的方式，而不论数据的来源、格式（format)是什么样的。SDO提供了一种对数据库和对服务来说统一的数据处理方式，它也提供了相应的机制，用来实现当数据同其来源分离（detached)时的处理。

2.ervice (1) Architecture aims to provide a model for the creation of service components in a wide range of languages and a model for assembling service components into a business solution - activities which are at the heart of building applications using a (2) architecture.Service Data Objects aims to provide consistent means of handling (3) within applications,whatever its source or (4) may be. SDO provides a way of unifying data handling for databases and for services. SDO also has mechanisms for the handling of data while (5) from its source.

Adata

Bcommand

Cappliance

Dcomponent

参考答案：A
解析：(1)C； (2)B； (3)A： (4)B： (5)D•参考译文：服务构件架构（Service Component Architecture) 致力于为使用广泛的编程语言来构造服务构件提供一种编程模型，并且也为把这些服务构件组装为一个业务上的解决方案提供了一种模型，这种组装的活动正是采用面向服务的架构（service-oriented architecture) 来搭建应用系统的核心的.
服务数据对象（Service Data Objects)致力于为应用系统中处理数据（data)提供统一的方式，而不论数据的来源、格式（format)是什么样的。SDO提供了一种对数据库和对服务来说统一的数据处理方式，它也提供了相应的机制，用来实现当数据同其来源分离（detached)时的处理。

3.ervice (1) Architecture aims to provide a model for the creation of service components in a wide range of languages and a model for assembling service components into a business solution - activities which are at the heart of building applications using a (2) architecture.Service Data Objects aims to provide consistent means of handling (3) within applications,whatever its source or (4) may be. SDO provides a way of unifying data handling for databases and for services. SDO also has mechanisms for the handling of data while (5) from its source.

Alink

Bformat

Cprocedure

Dstructure

参考答案：B
解析：(1)C； (2)B； (3)A： (4)B： (5)D•参考译文：服务构件架构（Service Component Architecture) 致力于为使用广泛的编程语言来构造服务构件提供一种编程模型，并且也为把这些服务构件组装为一个业务上的解决方案提供了一种模型，这种组装的活动正是采用面向服务的架构（service-oriented architecture) 来搭建应用系统的核心的.
服务数据对象（Service Data Objects)致力于为应用系统中处理数据（data)提供统一的方式，而不论数据的来源、格式（format)是什么样的。SDO提供了一种对数据库和对服务来说统一的数据处理方式，它也提供了相应的机制，用来实现当数据同其来源分离（detached)时的处理。

4.ervice (1) Architecture aims to provide a model for the creation of service components in a wide range of languages and a model for assembling service components into a business solution - activities which are at the heart of building applications using a (2) architecture.Service Data Objects aims to provide consistent means of handling (3) within applications,whatever its source or (4) may be. SDO provides a way of unifying data handling for databases and for services. SDO also has mechanisms for the handling of data while (5) from its source.

Aobject-oriented

Bservice-oriented

Cany

Dparticular

5.ervice (1) Architecture aims to provide a model for the creation of service components in a wide range of languages and a model for assembling service components into a business solution - activities which are at the heart of building applications using a (2) architecture.Service Data Objects aims to provide consistent means of handling (3) within applications,whatever its source or (4) may be. SDO provides a way of unifying data handling for databases and for services. SDO also has mechanisms for the handling of data while (5) from its source.

AOriented

BLevel

CComponent

DConference

参考答案：C
解析：(1)C； (2)B； (3)A： (4)B： (5)D•参考译文：服务构件架构（Service Component Architecture) 致力于为使用广泛的编程语言来构造服务构件提供一种编程模型，并且也为把这些服务构件组装为一个业务上的解决方案提供了一种模型，这种组装的活动正是采用面向服务的架构（service-oriented architecture) 来搭建应用系统的核心的.
服务数据对象（Service Data Objects)致力于为应用系统中处理数据（data)提供统一的方式，而不论数据的来源、格式（format)是什么样的。SDO提供了一种对数据库和对服务来说统一的数据处理方式，它也提供了相应的机制，用来实现当数据同其来源分离（detached)时的处理。

【题目解析】(1)C； (2)B； (3)A： (4)B： (5)D•参考译文：服务构件架构（Service Component Architecture) 致力于为使用广泛的编程语言来构造服务构件提供一种编程模型，并且也为把这些服务构件组装为一个业务上的解决方案提供了一种模型，这种组装的活动正是采用面向服务的架构（service-oriented architecture) 来搭建应用系统的核心的.
服务数据对象（Service Data Objects)致力于为应用系统中处理数据（data)提供统一的方式，而不论数据的来源、格式（format)是什么样的。SDO提供了一种对数据库和对服务来说统一的数据处理方式，它也提供了相应的机制，用来实现当数据同其来源分离（detached)时的处理。

78[单项选择题]（）involves comparing actual or planned project practices to those of other projects to generate ideas for improvement and to provide a basis by which to measure performance. These other projects can be within the performing organization or outside of it, and can be within the same or in another application area.

AMetrics

BMeasurement

CBenchmarking

DBaseline

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】基准分析涉及到将实际或计划的项目实践与其他项目进行比较，以产生改进的思想并提供一个测量绩效的基准。其他项目可以是执行组织内部的，也可以是外部的，可以是同一个应用领域的，也可以是其他应用领域的。

79[单项选择题]Which of the following elements can be called the key element of a computer? （）

Aprinter

BCPU

Cmouse

Dkeyboard

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】A.C.D是计算机的外设，不是基本元件。

80[单项选择题]Since RAM is only active when the computer is on, your computer uses diskto store information even when the computer is off. Which of the following istrue? （）

AWhen your computer is on, only RAM is used to store information.

BWhen your computer is on, only disk drives are used to storeinformation.

CWhen your computer is off, only RAM is used to store information.

DWhen your computer is off, only disk drives are used to storeinformation.

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】本题含义可表述为，由于RAN只有当计算机运行时是工作的，所以当计算机关闭时使用磁盘来存储信息。所以应该选择D（当计算机关闭后，只有磁盘被用于存储信息〉。

81[单项选择题]Networks can be interconnected by different devices. In the physical layer，networks can be connected by（71）or hubs， which just move the bits from one network to an identical network. One layer up we find bridges and switches，which operate at data link layer. They can accept（72），examine the MAC address，and forward the frames to a different network while doing minor protocol translation in the process. In the network layer， we have routers that can connect two networks. If two networks have（73）network layer， the router may be able to translate between the packet formats. In the transport layer we find transport gateway， which can interface between two transport connections. Finally，in the application layer， application gateways translate message （74）. As an example， gateways between Internet e-mail and X.400 e-mail must（75）the e-mail message and change various header fields.

1.Networks can be interconnected by different devices. In the physical layer，networks can be connected by（71）or hubs， which just move the bits from one network to an identical network. One layer up we find bridges and switches，which operate at data link layer. They can accept（72），examine the MAC address，and forward the frames to a different network while doing minor protocol translation in the process. In the network layer， we have routers that can connect two networks. If two networks have（73）network layer， the router may be able to translate between the packet formats. In the transport layer we find transport gateway， which can interface between two transport connections. Finally，in the application layer， application gateways translate message （74）. As an example， gateways between Internet e-mail and X.400 e-mail must（75）the e-mail message and change various header fields.

Areapers

Brelays

Cconnectors

Dmodems

参考答案：A

2.Networks can be interconnected by different devices. In the physical layer，networks can be connected by（71）or hubs， which just move the bits from one network to an identical network. One layer up we find bridges and switches，which operate at data link layer. They can accept（72），examine the MAC address，and forward the frames to a different network while doing minor protocol translation in the process. In the network layer， we have routers that can connect two networks. If two networks have（73）network layer， the router may be able to translate between the packet formats. In the transport layer we find transport gateway， which can interface between two transport connections. Finally，in the application layer， application gateways translate message （74）. As an example， gateways between Internet e-mail and X.400 e-mail must（75）the e-mail message and change various header fields.

Aanalyze

Bparse

Cdelete

Ddelete

参考答案：B

3.Networks can be interconnected by different devices. In the physical layer，networks can be connected by（71）or hubs， which just move the bits from one network to an identical network. One layer up we find bridges and switches，which operate at data link layer. They can accept（72），examine the MAC address，and forward the frames to a different network while doing minor protocol translation in the process. In the network layer， we have routers that can connect two networks. If two networks have（73）network layer， the router may be able to translate between the packet formats. In the transport layer we find transport gateway， which can interface between two transport connections. Finally，in the application layer， application gateways translate message （74）. As an example， gateways between Internet e-mail and X.400 e-mail must（75）the e-mail message and change various header fields.

Aframes

Bpackets

Cpackages

Dcells

参考答案：A

4.Networks can be interconnected by different devices. In the physical layer，networks can be connected by（71）or hubs， which just move the bits from one network to an identical network. One layer up we find bridges and switches，which operate at data link layer. They can accept（72），examine the MAC address，and forward the frames to a different network while doing minor protocol translation in the process. In the network layer， we have routers that can connect two networks. If two networks have（73）network layer， the router may be able to translate between the packet formats. In the transport layer we find transport gateway， which can interface between two transport connections. Finally，in the application layer， application gateways translate message （74）. As an example， gateways between Internet e-mail and X.400 e-mail must（75）the e-mail message and change various header fields.

Aspecial

Bdependent

Csimilar

Ddissimilar

参考答案：D

5.Networks can be interconnected by different devices. In the physical layer，networks can be connected by（71）or hubs， which just move the bits from one network to an identical network. One layer up we find bridges and switches，which operate at data link layer. They can accept（72），examine the MAC address，and forward the frames to a different network while doing minor protocol translation in the process. In the network layer， we have routers that can connect two networks. If two networks have（73）network layer， the router may be able to translate between the packet formats. In the transport layer we find transport gateway， which can interface between two transport connections. Finally，in the application layer， application gateways translate message （74）. As an example， gateways between Internet e-mail and X.400 e-mail must（75）the e-mail message and change various header fields.

Asyntax

Bsemantics

Clanguage

Dformat

参考答案：A

82[单项选择题]In fixed price contract which of the following holds true? ( )

AMore risk is placed on the buyer.

BIf the amount of the contract is exceeded the seller is not obligated to perform further unless the buyer increases the funds.

CThe seller agrees to perform a service or furnish supplies at the established contract price.

DThe seller agrees to use his best effort to fulfill the contrail within the estimated contract amount.

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】以下关于固定单价合同的描述中.正确的是：卖方同意在确定的合同价格上提供服务成供应.

83[单项选择题]DOM is a platform-and language-(1) API that allows programs and scripts to dynamically access and update the content,structure and style of WWW documents (currently,definitions for HTML and XML documents are part of the specification).The document can be further processed and the results of that processing can be incorporated back into the presented (2) .DOM is a (3) -based API to documents,which requires the whole document to be represented in (4) while processing it.A simpler alternative to DOM is the event-based SAX ,which can be used to process very large (5) documents that do not fit into the memory available for processing.

DOM is a platform-and language-(1) API that allows programs and scripts to dynamically access and update the content,structure and style of WWW documents (currently,definitions for HTML and XML documents are part of the specification).The document can be further processed and the results of that processing can be incorporated back into the presented (2) .DOM is a (3) -based API to documents,which requires the whole document to be represented in (4) while processing it.A simpler alternative to DOM is the event-based SAX ,which can be used to process very large (5) documents that do not fit into the memory available for processing.

Atext

Bimage

Cpage

Dgraphic

参考答案：C
解析：DOM是一种与平台和语言无关的应用程序接口（API），它可以动态地访问程序和脚本，更新其内容、结构和WWW文档的风格（目前，HTML和XML文档是通过说明部分定义的）。文档可以进一步被处理，处理的结果可以加入到当前的页面。DOM是一种基于树的API文档，它要求在处理过程中整个文档都表示在存储器中。另外一种简单的API是基于事件的SAX，它可以用于处理很大的XML文档，由于大，所以不适合全部放在存储器中处理。

Adocument

Bprocessor

Cdisc

Dmemory

参考答案：D
解析：DOM是一种与平台和语言无关的应用程序接口（API），它可以动态地访问程序和脚本，更新其内容、结构和WWW文档的风格（目前，HTML和XML文档是通过说明部分定义的）。文档可以进一步被处理，处理的结果可以加入到当前的页面。DOM是一种基于树的API文档，它要求在处理过程中整个文档都表示在存储器中。另外一种简单的API是基于事件的SAX，它可以用于处理很大的XML文档，由于大，所以不适合全部放在存储器中处理。

Atable

Btree

Ccontrol

Devent

参考答案：B
解析：DOM是一种与平台和语言无关的应用程序接口（API），它可以动态地访问程序和脚本，更新其内容、结构和WWW文档的风格（目前，HTML和XML文档是通过说明部分定义的）。文档可以进一步被处理，处理的结果可以加入到当前的页面。DOM是一种基于树的API文档，它要求在处理过程中整个文档都表示在存储器中。另外一种简单的API是基于事件的SAX，它可以用于处理很大的XML文档，由于大，所以不适合全部放在存储器中处理。

Aspecific

Bneutra

Ccontained

Drelated

AXML

BHTML

Cscript

DWeb

参考答案：A
解析：DOM是一种与平台和语言无关的应用程序接口（API），它可以动态地访问程序和脚本，更新其内容、结构和WWW文档的风格（目前，HTML和XML文档是通过说明部分定义的）。文档可以进一步被处理，处理的结果可以加入到当前的页面。DOM是一种基于树的API文档，它要求在处理过程中整个文档都表示在存储器中。另外一种简单的API是基于事件的SAX，它可以用于处理很大的XML文档，由于大，所以不适合全部放在存储器中处理。

【题目解析】DOM是一种与平台和语言无关的应用程序接口（API），它可以动态地访问程序和脚本，更新其内容、结构和WWW文档的风格（目前，HTML和XML文档是通过说明部分定义的）。文档可以进一步被处理，处理的结果可以加入到当前的页面。DOM是一种基于树的API文档，它要求在处理过程中整个文档都表示在存储器中。另外一种简单的API是基于事件的SAX，它可以用于处理很大的XML文档，由于大，所以不适合全部放在存储器中处理。

84[单项选择题]Consumption of the total life-cycle effort in software maintenance is （） that in software development．

Aless than

Blarger than

Cequal or less than

Dequal or larger than

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】本题要表达的含义是软件维护工作在整个软件生命周期中所付出的成本、努力要比单纯的软件开发多•所以应该选择B。

85[单项选择题]Project （） Management is the Knowledge Area that employs the processes required to ensure timely and appropriate generation, collection, distribution, storage, retrieval, and ultimate disposition of project information.

AIntegration

BTime

CPlanning

DCommunication

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】项目沟通管理是使用所需过程以确保及时、恰当地产生、收集、分发、存储、收回和最终处置项目信息的知识域。

86[单项选择题]GIF files are limited to a maximum of 8 bits/ I pixel，it simply means that no more than 256 colors are allowed in （） .

Aan image

Ba file

Ca window

Da page

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】GIF格式的文件规定每个像素最多8位，这就意味着GIF图像不能超过256色。

87[单项选择题]Which of the following is not part of the quality assurance process? （）

AOperational definitions

BQuality policy

CQuality audits

DQuality improvement

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】A.C.D都是质量过程中重要内容，只有B不是。

88[单项选择题]A milestone is a significant （） in a project.

Aactivity

Bevent

Cphase

Dprocess

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】里程碑是一个项目中重要的（）。
A.活动
B.事件
C.阶段
D.过程

89[单项选择题]Managing risk and documenting them is very important in project planning process. You are in the process of defining key risks, including constraints and assumptions, and planned responses and contingencies. These details will be included in the（）

Aproject management plan

Bproject baseline

Crisk response plan

Drisk baseline

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】风险相关的内容应该在项目管理计划中。

90[单项选择题]An example of scope verification is ( ).

Areview the performance of an installed software module

Bmanaging changes to the project schedule

Cdecomposing the WBS a work package level

Dperforming a benefit/cost analysis to determine if we should proceed with the project

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】范围验证的一个示例是（）
A、查看已安装的软件模块的性能
B、项目进度变更管理
C、分解到工作包级别WBS
D、执行成本/效益分析，以确定是否我们应该继续进行项目。
范围验证，这一过程用于正式验收项目的阶段成果或项目的最终成果，也叫范围确认，验收的作用就是检查系统或软件是否能正常运行。

91[单项选择题]（）is a property of object-oriented software by which an abstract operation may be performed in different ways in different classes．

AMethod

BPolymorphism

CInheritance

DEncapsulation

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】多态是面向对象的特征之一，它提供了一个抽象操作，在不同的类中能够执行不同的方法。
选项A是方法，
选项B是多态，
选项C是继承，
选项D是封装

92[单项选择题]Plan Quality is the process of identifying quality requirements and standards for the project and product, and documenting how the project will demonstrate compliance．（）is a method that analyze all the costs incurred over the life of the product by investment in preventing nonconformance to requirements, appraising the product or service for conformance to requirement, and failing to meet requirements．

ACost-Benefit analysis

BControl charts

CQuality function deployment

DCost of quality analysis

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】质量分析成本Cost of quality analysis是对产品或服务进行需求一致性分析所产生的成本；
成本效益分析Cost-Benefit analysi是通过比较项目的全部成本和效益来评估项目价值的一种方法；
控制图Control charts是项目质量控制方法；
质量功能展开Quality function deployment是把顾客或市场的要求转化为设计要求、零部件特性、工艺要求、生产要求的多层次演绎分析方法
因此，因此选D

93[单项选择题]（）is responsible for the attraction, selection, training, assessment, and rewarding of employees, while also overseeing organizational leadership and culture, and ensuring compliance with employment and labor laws.

AHuman resource management

BStrategic analysis

CTeam management

DRACI

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】（）用来吸引、选择、培训、考核以及奖励员工，同时负责组织领导和企业文化，并确保组织遵守相关雇佣和劳动法。
A. 人力资源管理
B. 策略分析
C. 团队建设
D. RACI
RACI：是一个相对直观的模型，用以明确组织变革过程中的各个角色及其相关责任。

94[单项选择题]As an operating system repeatedly allocates and frees storage space, many physicallyseparated unused areas appear. This phenomenon is called （） .

Afragmentation

Bcompaction

Cswapping

Dpaging

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】随着操作系统反复分配与释放存储空间，就会出现许多不连续的未用物理区域，这种现象称为碎片。

95[单项选择题]Workarounds are determined during which risk management process?（）。

ARisk identification

BQuantitative risk analysis

CPlan risk responses

DRisk monitoring and control

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】风险管理过程的解决方法?
A、风险识别
B、定量风险分析;
C、规划风险应对
D、风险监测与控制

96[单项选择题]The（） has several major components, including the system kernel, a memory management system, the file system manager, device drivers, and the system libraries.

Aapplication

Binformation system

Coperating system

Diterative

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】本题考操作系统的管理要素。

97[单项选择题]Ethernet is the commonly used local area network communication protocol. The standard of Ethernet is （）.

AIEEE 802.1

BIEEE 802.2

CIEEE 802.3

DIEEE 802.11

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】以太网是一种常用的局域网通信协议网络，以太网遵循()标准。

98[单项选择题]”Cost of quality ” is a project management concept that includes cost of ( ).

Aexceedings requirements

BChanged to the requirements

CEnsuring conformance to requirements

DThe quality control requirements

【参考答案】C

99[单项选择题]Configuration management is the process of managing change in hardware,software, firmware, documentation, measurements, etc. As change requires aninitial state and next state, the marking of significant states within a seriesof several changes becomes important. The identification of significant stateswithin the revision history of a configuration item is the central purpose of（） identification.

Abaseline

Bvalue

Ccost

Dcontrol

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】配置管理是在硬件、软件、固件、文件、测量等的过程管理的变化，作为变化需要有一个初始状态和下一个状态，标识上一状态变化非常重要，配置项目需确定重要状态的修订历史记录，主要目的是基线的确定。

100[单项选择题]Your project is behind schedule due to conflict between team members .Haring resolved the conflict, to get the project back on schedule，you should consider （）.

Acrashing the Schedule

Bperforming resource leveling

Cconducting reverse resource allocation Scheduling

Dutilizing the critical chair resources

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】由于团队成员之间的冲突，造成了项目进度落后于计划，为了解决冲突以使得项目如期完成，你应该考虑（）
A、重新安排时间表
B、执行资源调配
C、进行反向资源分配调度
D、利用关键的主要资源

101[单项选择题]（） is one of the quality planning outputs.

AScope base line

BCost of quality

CProduct specification

DQuality checklist

【参考答案】D

102[单项选择题]A 10BaseT Ethernet LAN has ( ).

Aa star topology

Bb ring topology

Ca bus topology

Da linear topology

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】本题的含义是：10Baset以太网络是星型结构的，选择答案A正确

103[单项选择题]The（）defines the phases that connect the beginning of a project to its end.

Aschedule

Bproject life cycle

Ctemporary

Dmilestone

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】项目生命周期定义了从项目开始直至结束的项目阶段

104[单项选择题]In the project management context, （） includes characteristics of unification, consolidation, articulation, and integrative actions that are crucial to project completion, successfully meeting customer and other stakeholder requirements, and managing expectations.

Aintegration

Bscope

Cprocess

Dcharter

【参考答案】A

【题目解析】在项目管理语境中，“整体”包含了统一、合并、联接的特性，以及对于完成项目、成功满足顾客和其他干系人的需求及管理期望至关重要的整体行动

105[单项选择题]Cloud-computing providers offer their “services” according to different models, which happen to form a stack（）, platform as a service (Paas), software as a service (SaaS)

Ahardware as a service (Haas)

Bnetwork as a service (NaaS)

Cinfrastructure as a service (IaaS)

Ddata as a service (DaaS)

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】云计算供应商提供他们的“服务”，根据不同的类型，恰好形成（），平台即服务（PaaS），软件即服务（SaaS）
A、硬件即服务（HAAS）
B、网络作为一种服务（NAAS）
C、基础设施即服务（IaaS）
D、数据即服务（DaaS）

106[单项选择题]The ( ) provides the project manager with the authority to apply organizational resources to project activities。

Aproject management plan

Bproject charter

Cproject human resource plan

Dproject stakeholders

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】项程（project charier)为项目经理使用组织资源进行项目活动提供了授权。

107[单项选择题]Maintenance activities do not include ( ).

Amaking enhancements to software products

Bdeveloping a new software product

Ccorrecting problems

Dadapting products to new environments

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】维护活动不包括（）。
A、增强软件产品
B、开发一个新的软件产品
C、纠正问题
D、调整产品新环境

108[单项选择题]Project selection methods involve measuring value or attractiveness to the project owner or sponsor and may include other organizational decision criteria. （）is not a project selection method.

ABenefit contribution

BExpert judgment

CScoring models

DFlow charting

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】项目选择方法包括测量项目业主的价值和吸引力，并可能包括组织层面其他决策准则。流程图（Flow charting）不是一个项目选择方法。
A选项是收益分析，B选项是专家判断，C选项是平分模型，D选项是流程图

109[单项选择题]（）is a method used in Critical Path Methodology for constructing a project schedule network diagram that uses boxes or rectangles, referred to as nodes, to represent activities and connects them with arrows that show the logical relationships that exist between them.

APERT

BAOA

CWBS

DPDM

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】（）用于关键路径法，是用于编制项目进度网络图的一种方法，它使用方框或
者长方形（被称作节点）代表活动，它们之间用箭头连接，显示彼此之问存在的逻辑
关系。

110[单项选择题]The connection between two networks to form an internet is handled bya machine known as a （） .

Abridge

Bclient

Crouter

Dswitch

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】答案C路由，是用来链接两个网络，并使现实互联的设备。

111[单项选择题]Quality managenent ( ).

Ais another name for careful inspections

Bis inversely related to productivity

Cis primarily the responsibility of management

Dis primaritily the responsibility of the workers

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】质量管理主要是管理的责任

112[单项选择题]Risk management’s ( ) is to assure uncertainty does not deflect the endeavor from the business goals

Atrend

Bdetail

Cobjective

Drule

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】风险管理的（）是为了保证不确定不偏离经营目标的努力
A、趋势
B、详述
C、目标
D、规则

113[单项选择题]（）are the four major activities of software configuration management.

Aonfiguration identification ②statement report ③change control

Breparation of requirement document ⑤configuration auditing

C①②③④

D①②④⑤

E①②③⑤

F②③④⑤

【参考答案】E

【题目解析】较件配置管理的4个主要活动是()。
①配置识别 ②状态报告 ③变更控制 ④准备需求文档 ⑤配置审计
A①②③④ B.①②④⑤ C.①②③⑤D.②⑧④⑤
根据《系统集成项目管理工程师教程》（全国计算机专业技术资格考试办公室组编）第15 2节的内容可知，软件配置管理包括4个主要活动：配置识别、变更控制、状态报告和配置审计。
因此，正确答案应选C。

114[单项选择题]Which statement about the preliminary design stage of a software development project is true? （） .

AThe preliminary design is an internal document used only by programmers

BThe preliminary design is the result of mapping product requirements info software and hardware functions

CThe preliminary design of the product comes from the requirement specification

DThe developers produce the preliminary design by defining the software structure in enough detail to permit coding

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】下面关于软件开发项目初步设计阶段的描述，正确的是：
A．初步设计是供编码人员使用的内部文档
B．初步设计是产品需求到软硬件功能的映射
C．产品概要设计来源于需求规格说明
D．开发人员在进行初步设计时，对软件结构描述细致到可以指导编码的程度

115[单项选择题]The standard (IEEE 802) format for printing （） in human-friendly formis six groups of two hexadecimal digits, separated by hyphens (-) or colons (:),in transmission order, e.g. 01-23-45-67-89-ab, 01:23:45:67:89:ab. This form isalso commonly used for EUI-64.

Ahard disk logical block address

BIP address

Cmail address

DMAC address

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】标准IEEE 802中，MAC地址输入的格式是6组两个十六进制数字，分隔的连字符用(-)或冒号(:)，例如 01-23-45-67-89-ab、01:23:45:67:89:ab，这种形式也常用于 EUI-64标识。

116[单项选择题]In the （） phase team members begin to work together and adjust their work habits and behaviors to support the team. The team learns to trust each other

Astorming

Bperforming

Cnorming

Dadjourning

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】在（）阶段，团队成员开始一起协调工作并调整他们的工作习惯和行为来支持团队工作。团队开始学会相互信任
A、风暴
B、表现
C、规范
D、解散

117[单项选择题]To determine whether or not the employee correctly understands the message, the project manger needs to （）

Areduce the filtering

Beliminate barriers

Cobtain feedback

Duse more than one medium

【参考答案】C

【题目解析】要确定是否正确地理解员工信息，项目经理需要（）

118[单项选择题]A ( ) is a dedicated storage network that provides access to consolidated,block level storage.It is primarily used to mark storage devices accessible to servers so that the devices appear as locally attached to the operating system.

Anetwork-attached storage

Bstorge area network

Cdirect attached storage

Dcomputer cluster

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】存储区域网络（storge area network，SAN）是一个专用的存储网络，提供综合、块级存储的访问。它主要用来连接网络服务器和存储设备，使存储设备出现在操作系统本地磁盘盘符中

119[单项选择题]（） from one phase are usually reviewed for completeness and accuracy and approved before work starts on the next phase.

AProcess

BMilestone

CWork

DDeliverables

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】一个阶段所产生的可交付物通常要在开始下一阶段的工作之前对其完备性和正确性进行评审并获得批准。

120[单项选择题]Project schedule management is made up of six management processes including:activity definition, activity sequencing,（） , and schedule control by order．

Aactivity duration estimating, schedule developing, activity resource estimating

B.activity resource estimating, activity duration estimating, schedule development

Cschedule developing, activity resource estimating, activity duration estimating

Dactivity resource estimating, schedule developing, activity duration estimating

【参考答案】B

【题目解析】项目时间管理包括使项目按时完成所必需的管理过程。进度安排的准确程度可能比成本估计的准确程度更重要。考虑进度安排时要把人员的工作量与花费的时间联系起来，合理分配工作量，利用进度安排的有效分析方法来严格监视项目的进展情况，以使得项目的进度不致被拖延。
项目时间管理过程包括：活动定义、活动排序、活动的资源估算、活动历史估算、制定进度计划及进度控制六个步骤。
以上六个步骤具有先后顺序，因此选择“活动的资源估算”activity resource estimating、“活动历史估算”activity duration estimating、制定进度计划schedule development，所以选B。

121[单项选择题]The project budget has been finalized.Additional work has been discovered that was not planned for in the budget or project scope. （）could provide the fund to cover the newly discovered work item.

AContingency reserve

BClass diagram

CComponent diagram

DSequence diagram

EUse case diagram

【参考答案】D

【题目解析】统一建模语言（UML)是一种通用的、可视化的面向对象软件的图形语言。序列图(Sequence diagram)用于展现一组对象如何互相交流消息方面的系统行为。

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