root@ubuntu:/usr# strace cat /dev/null
execve("/bin/cat", ["cat", "/dev/null"], [/* 22 vars */]) = 0
brk(0)                                  = 0xab1000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK)      = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f29379a7000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK)      = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
...
brk(0) = 0xab1000
brk(0xad2000) = 0xad2000
fstat(1, {st_mode=S_IFCHR|0620, st_rdev=makedev(136, 0), ...}) = 0
open("/dev/null", O_RDONLY) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFCHR|0666, st_rdev=makedev(1, 3), ...}) = 0
read(3, "", 32768) = 0
close(3) = 0
close(1) = 0
close(2) = 0
exit_group(0) = ?

-c 统计每一系统调用的所执行的时间,次数和出错的次数等.
-d 输出strace关于标准错误的调试信息.
-f 跟踪由fork调用所产生的子进程.
-ff 如果提供-o filename,则所有进程的跟踪结果输出到相应的filename.pid中,pid是各进程的进程号.
-F 尝试跟踪vfork调用.在-f时,vfork不被跟踪.
-h 输出简要的帮助信息.
-i 输出系统调用的入口指针.
-q 禁止输出关于脱离的消息.
-r 打印出相对时间关于,,每一个系统调用.
-t 在输出中的每一行前加上时间信息.
-tt 在输出中的每一行前加上时间信息,微秒级.
-ttt 微秒级输出,以秒了表示时间.
-T 显示每一调用所耗的时间.
-v 输出所有的系统调用.一些调用关于环境变量,状态,输入输出等调用由于使用频繁,默认不输出.
-V 输出strace的版本信息.
-x 以十六进制形式输出非标准字符串
-xx 所有字符串以十六进制形式输出.
-a column
设置返回值的输出位置.默认 为40.
-e expr
指定一个表达式,用来控制如何跟踪.格式如下:
[qualifier=][!]value1[,value2]...
qualifier只能是 trace,abbrev,verbose,raw,signal,read,write其中之一.value是用来限定的符号或数字.默认的 qualifier是 trace.感叹号是否定符号.例如:
-eopen等价于 -e trace=open,表示只跟踪open调用.而-etrace!=open表示跟踪除了open以外的其他调用.有两个特殊的符号 all 和 none.
注意有些shell使用!来执行历史记录里的命令,所以要使用\\.
-e trace=set
只跟踪指定的系统 调用.例如:-e trace=open,close,rean,write表示只跟踪这四个系统调用.默认的为set=all.
-e trace=file
只跟踪有关文件操作的系统调用.
-e trace=process
只跟踪有关进程控制的系统调用.
-e trace=network
跟踪与网络有关的所有系统调用.
-e strace=signal
跟踪所有与系统信号有关的 系统调用
-e trace=ipc
跟踪所有与进程通讯有关的系统调用
-e abbrev=set
设定 strace输出的系统调用的结果集.-v 等与 abbrev=none.默认为abbrev=all.
-e raw=set
将指 定的系统调用的参数以十六进制显示.
-e signal=set
指定跟踪的系统信号.默认为all.如 signal=!SIGIO(或者signal=!io),表示不跟踪SIGIO信号.
-e read=set
输出从指定文件中读出 的数据.例如:
-e read=3,5
-e write=set
输出写入到指定文件中的数据.
-o filename
将strace的输出写入文件filename
-p pid
跟踪指定的进程pid.
-s strsize
指定输出的字符串的最大长度.默认为32.文件名一直全部输出.
-u username
以username 的UID和GID执行被跟踪的命令

strace -o output.txt -T -tt -e trace=all -p 28979

_KDE_IceTransSocketCreateListener: failed to bind listener
_KDE_IceTransSocketUNIXCreateListener: ...SocketCreateListener() failed
_KDE_IceTransMakeAllCOTSServerListeners: failed to create listener for localCannot establish any listening sockets DCOPServer self-test failed.

strace -f -F -o ~/dcop-strace.txt dcopserver

27207 mkdir("/tmp/.ICE-unix", 0777) = -1 EEXIST (File exists)
27207 lstat64("/tmp/.ICE-unix", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|S_ISVTX|0755, st_size=4096, ...}) = 0
27207 unlink("/tmp/.ICE-unix/dcop27207-1066844596") = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
27207 bind(3, {sin_family=AF_UNIX, path="/tmp/.ICE-unix/dcop27207-1066844596"}, 38) = -1 EACCES (Permission denied)
27207 write(2, "_KDE_IceTrans", 13) = 13
27207 write(2, "SocketCreateListener: failed to "..., 46) = 46
27207 close(3) = 0 27207 write(2, "_KDE_IceTrans", 13) = 13
27207 write(2, "SocketUNIXCreateListener: ...Soc"..., 59) = 59
27207 umask(0) = 0 27207 write(2, "_KDE_IceTrans", 13) = 13
27207 write(2, "MakeAllCOTSServerListeners: fail"..., 64) = 64
27207 write(2, "Cannot establish any listening s"..., 39) = 39

# whoami
root

# mv /lib/libnss_files.so.2 /lib/libnss_files.so.2.backup
# whoami
whoami: cannot find username for UID 0

# ldd /usr/bin/whoami
libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x4001f000)
/lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x40000000)

strace -o whoami-strace.txt whoamiopen("/lib/libnss_files.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/i686/mmx/libnss_files.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat64("/lib/i686/mmx", 0xbffff190) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/i686/libnss_files.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat64("/lib/i686", 0xbffff190) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/mmx/libnss_files.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat64("/lib/mmx", 0xbffff190) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/libnss_files.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat64("/lib", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0755, st_size=2352, ...}) = 0
open("/usr/lib/i686/mmx/libnss_files.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat64("/usr/lib/i686/mmx", 0xbffff190) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/i686/libnss_files.so.2", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

strace -f -o configure-strace.txt -e execve ./configure

摘自：http://blog.csdn.net/lllzd/article/details/8078262